scholarly journals Rapid Truck Loading for Efficient Feedstock Logistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Robert “Bobby” Grisso ◽  
John Cundiff ◽  
Subhash C. Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Exchange Time ◽  
Productivity Factor ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Storage Location ◽  
Experienced Operator ◽  
Optimum Productivity ◽  
Feedstock Logistics

A multi-bale handling unit offers an advantage for the efficient hauling of round bales. Two empty racks on trailers are left at a satellite storage location for loading while a truck tractor delivers two loaded racks to the biorefinery, thus uncoupling the loading and hauling operations and increasing the efficiency of both. The projected 10 min trailer exchange time equals the projected 10 min unload time at the biorefinery achieved by lifting off the two full racks and replacing them with two empties, a technology adapted from the container shipping industry. A concept is presented for a bale loader that latches onto the rack/trailer and loads bales into the bottom tier chambers. This machine will load 10 bales into the rack on the front trailer by attaching on to the front of the trailer and 10 bales into the rear trailer by attaching onto the rear. A telehandler removes bales from single-layer storage and places them in the bale loader to load the bottom tier compartments. The top tier compartments are loaded directly from the top. Expectations are that an experienced operator can average 9 loads in a 10 h workday, and load-out cost is estimated as 3.61 USD/Mg, assuming the average achieved load-out productivity over annual operation is 60% of optimum productivity (24 Mg/h) equal to 14.4 Mg/h. Cost increases to 4.81 USD/Mg when the productivity factor drops to 45%, and cost is 3.09 USD/Mg for a factor of 70%.

scholarly journals An Energy Consumption Approach to Estimate Air Emission Reductions in Container Shipping

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Ernest Czermański ◽  
Giuseppe T. Cirella ◽  
Aneta Oniszczuk-Jastrząbek ◽  
Barbara Pawłowska ◽  
Theo Notteboom
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Energy Efficiency Design Index ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Container shipping is the largest producer of emissions within the maritime shipping industry. Hence, measures have been designed and implemented to reduce ship emission levels. IMO’s MARPOL Annex VI, with its future plan of applying Tier III requirements, the Energy Efficiency Design Index for new ships, and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan for all ships. To assist policy formulation and follow-up, this study applies an energy consumption approach to estimate container ship emissions. The volumes of sulphur oxide (SOx), nitrous oxide (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from container ships are estimated using 2018 datasets on container shipping and average vessel speed records generated via AIS. Furthermore, the estimated reductions in SOx, NOx, PM, and CO2 are mapped for 2020. The empirical analysis demonstrates that the energy consumption approach is a valuable method to estimate ongoing emission reductions on a continuous basis and to fill data gaps where needed, as the latest worldwide container shipping emissions records date back to 2015. The presented analysis supports early-stage detection of environmental impacts in container shipping and helps to determine in which areas the greatest potential for emission reductions can be found.

Drastic Freight Increase for Containerized Cargo in the Pandemic Era: Lack of Mutual Commitment

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Ahmet Selcuk Basarici ◽  
Turker Bas
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Freight Rates ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Shipping Line ◽  
Line Relationship

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has seriously damaged the operational harmony of container shipping. Initially, it led to a decrease in the overall throughput of containerized cargo. The industry has faced blank sailings and a lack of container equipment after rising container demand. Operational harmony has not been established for more than a year. Extremely increased freight rates have unprecedently put the shippers in a difficult situation. This study examines the circumstances in terms of the shipper and shipping line relationship and underscores the loose commitment between them. Accordingly, this study questions the mutual commitment of this relationship. This institutionally problematic relationship has become prominent in terms of its consequences in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The problematic part of this relationship is discussed through discourse samples representing different branches of the container shipping industry, using the discourse analysis methodology supported by the literature review. The findings indicate that both shippers and shipping lines recognize that a commitment-based relationship requires decisiveness; however, their priorities in the pandemic era overshadow it. Their mutual commitment may help to alleviate the consequences of any chaos in the future of container shipping, which requires critical projection.

scholarly journals Yield Management by Reconstruction of Cargo Contribution for Container Shipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yisong Lin ◽  
Xuefeng Wang ◽  
Jian Gang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Liner Shipping ◽  
Yield Management ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Capacity Control ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Revenue ◽  
Container Liner Shipping ◽  
Practical Level

This study provides a cargo contribution yield management model to solve the ship capacity control problem for the container liner shipping industry. We propose a new objective to optimize cargo contribution to replace the focus on total revenue or average revenue in the current research. We reflect the special characteristics of yield management in container liner shipping, and all cost items were identified and calculated to develop a new cargo contribution evaluating system. We propose a mathematical model for service route segments’ allocation distribution based on cargo contribution. We use a genetic algorithm to solve the model further with comparative analysis with actual practice. The study cultivates new ground in the current literature with a wide range of innovative applications at a practical level.

scholarly journals Are Bulk/Container Shipping Companies Improving Compared to the Baltic Dry Index?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Barrows
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Freight Rates ◽  
Industry Competition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Baltic Dry Index

This study evaluates the 2000-2017 time frame and assesses the performance of the bulk/container shipping industry before and after the Great Financial Crisis (GFC) in relation to the Baltic Dry Index (BDI) and two other benchmarks in a variety of combinations. This study evaluates two different period portfolios of shipping companies based on their stock price total return performance. Five cases are presented that demonstrate portfolio improvement when comparing performance after the GFC with performance before the GFC in relation to the BDI and the other benchmarks. Included are discussions on shipping industry competition, vessel utilization and freight rates plus the BDI as an economic activity predictor.

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