scholarly journals Effects of Interval Exercise Training on Serum Biochemistry and Bone Mineral Density in Dogs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2528
Author(s):  
Hae Sung Lee ◽  
Jae Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyun Ju Oh ◽  
Jong Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Exercise has been suggested as a powerful intervention for health care and fitness management in humans; however, few studies have demonstrated the benefits of exercise training in dogs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise training on heart rate (HR), bone mineral density (BMD), muscle volume (MV), and hematological and serum biomarkers in dogs. Six healthy beagles completed the interval treadmill exercise, developed on the basis of the FITT principle, two times a week for 12 weeks. To evaluate the physiological parameters, the HR values were analyzed using the Polar H10 system during the entire exercise period. At pre-and post-exercise, quantitative computed tomography and hematological and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed. The interval exercise resulted in a normal HR response and no adverse behavioral or physiological effects on the dogs. We showed that exercise improved BMD in the femur (541.6 ± 16.7 vs. 610.2 ± 27.8 HA, p < 0.01) and increased serum total alkaline phosphatase (TALP; 68.6 ± 9.2 vs. 81.3 ± 17.2, p < 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (23.5 ± 1.0 vs. 33.5 ± 1.6, p < 0.01), and creatine kinase (114.8 ± 5.3 vs. 214.0 ± 20.8, p < 0.01) levels. There was a positive relationship between BMD and TALP (femur: r = 0.760, p = 0.004; vertebrae: r = 0.637; p = 0.025). Our findings suggest that interval exercise training is beneficial to increase BMD in the femur, and an increased TALP level would be a concomitant mechanism for enhancing BMD with exercise in dogs.

scholarly journals Increased Total Serum Alkaline Phosphate Is Associated With Enhanced Bone Mineral Density in Dogs With Interval Exercise Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Sung Lee ◽  
Hyun Ju Oh ◽  
Jong-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Physiological Parameter ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Interval Exercise

Abstract There are growing attention and interdisciplinary efforts for One Health to attain optimal health and well-being for humans and animals. Exercise has been suggested as a powerful intervention for health care and fitness management in humans; however, few studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of exercise on dogs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise training on heart rate (HR), bone mineral density (BMD), muscle volume (MV), and hematological and serum biomarkers in dogs. Six healthy beagles completed the interval treadmill exercise protocol, developed based on the FITT principle, two times a week for 12 weeks. For a physiological parameter evaluation, the mean HR value was analyzed using a Polar H10 system and software program. Quantitative computed tomography was used to determine BMD in the femur and vertebrae and MV in the thigh before and after exercise training. To perform hematological and serum biochemical parameter assessment, blood samples were analyzed at zero and 12 weeks of exercise. We show that interval exercise results in a normal HR response and no adverse behavioral and physiological effects on dogs. Exercise improves BMD in the femur (541.6 ± 16.7 vs. 610.2 ± 27.8 HA, p < 0.01) and increases serum total alkaline phosphatase (TALP; 68.6 ± 9.2 vs. 81.3 ± 17.2, p < 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (23.5 ± 1.0 vs. 33.5 ± 1.6, p <0.01), and creatine kinase (114.8 ± 5.3 vs. 214.0 ± 20.8, p < 0.01) levels. There is a positive relationship between BMD and TALP (femur: r = 0.760, p = 0.004; vertebrae: r = 0.637; p = 0.025). Our findings suggest that long-term interval exercise training is beneficial to increase BMD in the femur, and an increased TALP level is a concomitant mechanism for enhancing BMD with exercise in dogs.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of bone mineral density in Thoroughbreds using quantitative computed tomography

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutaka YAMADA ◽  
Fumio SATO ◽  
Tohru HIGUCHI ◽  
Kaori NISHIHARA ◽  
Mitsunori KAYANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Role of Dietary Intake and Serum 25(OH)D on the Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Bone Mass and Structure of Frail and Pre-Frail Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3016
Author(s):  
Ana Moradell ◽  
David Navarrete-Villanueva ◽  
Ángel I. Fernández-García ◽  
Jorge Marín-Puyalto ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Bruton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Frail Elders ◽  
Tibia Length

The multicomponent training (MCT) effect on bone health in frail and pre-frail elders, which is influenced by dietary intake, is still unknown. The objective of this non-randomized intervention trial was to assess the effects of a 6-month MCT on bone structure in frail and pre-frail elders, and to analyse the influence of dietary intake and serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) in these changes. Thirty MCT (TRAIN) and sixteen controls (CON), frail and pre-frail completed the information required for this study. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurements were taken at 4% and 38% of the tibia length and dietary intake was registered. The 25(OH)D values were obtained from blood samples. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures showed significant decreases for CON in total bone mineral content at 38% of tibia length. One factor ANOVAs showed smaller decreases in bone mineral density and cortical thickness percentage of change in TRAIN compared to CON. Linear regression analyses were performed to study the influence of nutrients and 25(OH)D on bone changes. Alcohol showed a negative influence on fracture index changes, while polyunsaturated fatty acid and vitamin A showed a positive association with some bone variables. The 25(OH)D only affected positively the cortical bone mineral density. In conclusion, our MCT seems to slow down some of the bone detriments associated with ageing in frail and pre-frail older adults, with alcohol showing a negative effect on the bone and apparent limited effect of nutrients and serum 25(OH)D on training related changes.

Effect of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry, Assessed by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Postmenopausal Women Treated with Bisphosphonates

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYMEON TOURNIS ◽  
VASILIOS SAMDANIS ◽  
SAVAS PSARELIS ◽  
CHRYSA LIAKOU ◽  
JULIA ANTONIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Geometry ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Objective.To investigate the effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone geometry in postmenopausal women treated with bisphosphonates.Methods.Fifty-three postmenopausal women with RA and 87 control subjects, comparable in terms of age, body mass index, and years since menopause, underwent peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the nondominant tibia.Results.At 4% (trabecular site), trabecular bone mineral content (BMC) and vBMD (p < 0.001) were lower in the RA group, while trabecular area was comparable. At 38% (cortical site), cortical BMC (p < 0.01), area (p < 0.05), and thickness (p < 0.001) were lower in the RA group, whereas vBMD was comparable. Endosteal circumference was higher (p < 0.05), whereas periosteal circumference was comparable, indicating cancellization of cortical bone. In the RA group, muscle area was lower (p < 0.001), while at 14% polar stress strength index was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in patients with RA, indicating impairment of bone mechanical properties.Conclusion.RA is associated with negative effects on both cortical and cancellous bone in postmenopausal women treated with bisphosphonates. Cortical geometric properties are also adversely affected mainly by increased endosteal circumference, whereas trabecular geometric properties are generally preserved.

scholarly journals Impaired skeletal growth in mice with haploinsufficiency of IGF-I: genetic evidence that differences in IGF-I expression could contribute to peak bone mineral density differences

2005 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mohan ◽  
D J Baylink
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Peak Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Peak Bmd

Although it is well established that there is considerable inter-individual variation in the circulating levels of IGF-I in normal, healthy individuals and that a genetic component contributes substantially to this variation, the direct evidence that inter-individual variation in IGF-I contributes to differences in peak bone mineral density (BMD) is lacking. To examine if differences in IGF-I expression could contribute to peak BMD differences, we measured skeletal changes at days 23 (prepubertal), 31 (pubertal) and 56 (postpubertal) in mice with haploinsufficiency of IGF-I (+/−) and corresponding control mice (+/+). Mice (MF1/DBA) heterozygous for the IGF-I knockout allele were bred to generate +/+ and +/− mice (n=18–20 per group). Serum IGF-I was decreased by 23% (P<0.001) in mice with IGF-I haploinsufficiency (+/−) group at day 56 compared with the control (+/+) group. Femoral bone mineral content and BMD, as determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, were reduced by 20% (P<0.001) and 12% respectively in the IGF-I (+/−) group at day 56 compared with the control group. The peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurements at the femoral mid-diaphysis revealed that periosteal circumference (7%, P<0.01) and total volumetric BMD (5%, P<0.05) were decreased significantly in the +/− group compared with the +/+ group. Furthermore, serum IGF-I showed significant positive correlations with both areal BMD (r=0.55) and periosteal circumference (r=0.66) in the pooled data from the +/+ and +/− groups. Our findings that haploinsufficiency of IGF-I caused significant reductions in serum IGF-I level, BMD and bone size, together with the previous findings, are consistent with the notion that genetic variations in IGF-I expression could, in part, contribute to inter-individual differences in peak BMD among a normal population.

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density in Children From Anthropological and Clinical Sciences: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette M. Manifold
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Anthropological Literature

Abstract Bone mineral density (BMD) is a frequent topic of discussion in the clinical literature in relation to the bone health of both adults and children. However, in archaeological and/ or anthropological studies the role of BMD is often cited as a possible factor in the poor skeletal preservation which can lead to an under-representation of juvenile skeletal remains. During skeletal development and growth throughout childhood and adolescence changes take place in both the size and shape of bones and these changes also result in the increasing of mineral content. BMD can be affected by many factors, which include, age, genetics, sexual maturation, amount of physical activity and dietary calcium. This paper aims to review the clinical and anthropological literature on BMD and discuss the numerous methods of measurement and how the availability of certain methods such as Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) can influence the study of bone density in archaeological skeletal collections and also the future potential for forensic anthropological studies.

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