scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Status in Relation to Consumption of Chickpeas and Hummus in the U.S. Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7341
Author(s):  
Cara L. Frankenfeld ◽  
Taylor C. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
Future Work

Chickpeas, a commonly consumed legume, are the main ingredient in traditional hummus. U.S. dietary guidelines recommend consuming 1–1.5 cups of legumes per week. This study aimed to evaluate temporal changes in hummus and chickpea consumption and describe diet and biomarkers of health in U.S. consumers versus non-consumers. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2016) data were used. Dietary intake was collected using two 24-h recalls; age, gender, and poverty-to-income ratio were adjusted in statistical analyses. The proportion of the population who consumed chickpeas or hummus increased significantly over time. Hummus and chickpea consumers were more likely to obtain recommended legume intake. Consumers had significantly increased intakes of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and decreased added sugars intakes versus non-consumers. Consumers also had lower concentrations of urinary iodine and higher concentrations of serum 4-pyridoxic acid, total vitamin B6, and red blood cell folate. Adults who consumed chickpeas and hummus were 48% and 62% less likely to have metabolic syndrome, respectively. Consuming chickpeas or hummus may be a practical means of improving diet quality and nutritional status. Future work should evaluate whether chronic disease incidence is reduced by chickpea and hummus consumption through better nutrition or lower metabolic syndrome incidence.

scholarly journals Comparison of Nutrient Intake and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to the Frequency of Eating with Others in the Elderly: Based on the 2013-2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyung Kim ◽  
Jayong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the association between the nutritional status and the risk of metabolic syndrome according to the frequency of eating with others in elderly men and women.Methods: This study included 4,562 subjects (≥65 years) from the 2013-2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Survey logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between the frequency of eating with others per day (0, 1-2, 3 times/day) and nutrient intake and metabolic syndrome, adjusted for the related confounding variables.Results: In elderly men, eating with others was significantly associated with a higher intake of vitamin C, phosphorus, and iron. Additionally, elderly men who ate with others 0 time/day had an adjusted odds ratio of 3.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.43-6.62) for overall nutrient intake insufficiency as compared to elderly men who ate with others 3 times/day. In elderly women, eating with others was significantly associated with a higher intake of energy. However, no association was found between the frequency of eating with others and risk of metabolic syndrome in either sex.Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that frequently eating with others may improve the nutritional status in both elderly men and women.

scholarly journals A Vegetarian-Style Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Lower Energy, Saturated Fat, and Sodium Intakes; and Higher Whole Grains, Legumes, Nuts, and Soy Intakes by Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2013–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthy A Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
National Health ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Linear Contrasts

Consumer demand for plant-based foods is increasing though the reasons may vary. Plant foods are sole sources of dietary fiber, vitamin C, and flavonoids and good sources of vitamin B1, folic acid, potassium, and magnesium. They are low in saturated fat, and do not contain cholesterol and vitamin B12. Plant foods are associated with better body weight and healthy blood lipid profile. This cross-sectional study used nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016 data and compared nutrient and food pattern food group intakes of adults eating a vegetarian-style diet with adults eating a nonvegetarian diet. Adults 20+ years (N = 10,064) were grouped using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 definition of vegetarian-style diet, which is modelled as lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet. Trained dietary interviewers collected self-reported dietary intake data using a 24-h recall and an automated multi-pass method. Means were compared using linear contrasts (p < 0.01). On average, the vegetarians ate an estimated 419 fewer kilocalories, 7 g less saturated fat, and 1274 mg less sodium. The vegetarian-style diet was higher in micronutrient density, except for vitamin B12 and zinc. The vegetarians ate more whole grains, legumes, nuts, and soy products. Fruit, vegetables, and dairy intakes were similar for both groups. A vegetarian-style diet may be advocated to control energy, saturated fat, and sodium intakes.

scholarly journals Breakfast in the United States: Food and Nutrient Intakes in Relation to Diet Quality in NHANES 2011-2014. A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Drewnowski ◽  
Colin Rehm ◽  
Florent Vieux
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Calcium Iron

Abstract: The contribution of breakfast to diet quality (DQ) can inform future dietary guidelines. This study examined breakfasts that were associated with highest-quality diets. Dietary data came from the first reported day of the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 (n=14,488). DQ measures were the Nutrient Rich Foods Index (NRF9.3) and the USDA Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI 2015). Analyses of breakfast intakes were conducted by NRF9.3 tertiles and by age and socioeconomic groups. Four out of 5 NHANES participants ate breakfast. Breakfast provided 19-22% of dietary energy depending on age. Breakfast intakes of complex carbohydrates and total sugars were higher and intakes of protein and fats were lower relative to energy intakes. Breakfast provided more that 20% of daily intakes of B vitamins, vitamins A and D, folate, calcium, iron, potassium and magnesium. Eating breakfast was associated with higher NRF9.3d scores. Breakfasts associated with top tertile of NRF9.3d had more carbohydrates and less added sugars and fats. Such breakfasts had more fruit and juices, more whole grains, more milk and yogurt and less meat and eggs. Breakfast patterns that favored fruit, whole grains, and dairy were associated with healthiest diets.

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Subjects with Osteoarthritis Stratified by Age and Sex

2012 ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Ashish Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories

The aim of the study was to determine association between osteoarthritis and metabolic syndrome stratified by age and gender categories. A final sample of 16,149 US residents aged 17 years or older was analyzed using the database National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NAHNES III). Variables assessed include age, gender, race, education, poverty income ratio, body mass index, smoking history, metabolic syndrome and its risk components. Continuous and categorical variables were compared in the 2 groups using T and chi-square statistics as appropriate. Multivariate analysis was performed after adjusting for the potential confounders. Five percent subjects self-reported of having osteoarthritis. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in subjects with osteoarthritis was 40% compared to 21% with no osteoarthritis. Subjects with osteoarthritis were significantly older; were females, non-Hispanic whites, less educated and had high prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol. Age, being female, higher education, being non-Hispanic White, absence of osteoporosis, and body mass index were significant predictors of osteoarthritis. Metabolic syndrome was a risk factor for osteoarthritis in males.

scholarly journals Designing Optimal Breakfast for the United States Using Linear Programming and the NHANES 2011–2014 Database: A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Vieux ◽  
Matthieu Maillot ◽  
Colin D. Rehm ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Nationally Representative

The quality of dietary patterns can be optimized using a mathematical technique known as linear programming (LP). LP methods have rarely been applied to individual meals. The present LP models optimized the breakfast meal for those participants in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 who ate breakfast (n = 11,565). The Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3) was a measure of diet quality. Breakfasts in the bottom tertile of NRF9.3 scores (T1) were LP-modeled to meet nutrient requirements without deviating too much from current eating habits. Separate LP models were run for children and for adults. The LP-modeled breakfasts resembled the existing ones in the top tertile of NRF9.3 scores (T3), but were more nutrient-rich. Favoring fruit, cereals, and dairy, the LP-modeled breakfasts had less meat, added sugars and fats, but more whole fruit and 100% juices, more whole grains, and more milk and yogurt. LP modeling methods can build on existing dietary patterns to construct food-based dietary guidelines and identify individual meals and/or snacks that need improvement.

scholarly journals Meeting the Dietary Guidelines Added Sugars Recommendation Is Associated with Higher Fruit, Dairy, and Whole Grains Intakes in Children: WWEIA, NHANES 2015–2016 (P18-005-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthy Bowman ◽  
Randy LaComb ◽  
James Friday ◽  
Alanna Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
P Value ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Abstract Objectives The 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommend that Americans limit their added sugars intake to less than 10% of their total calories (energy) for the day, because the calories obtained from added sugars often come with low nutritional benefits. The research objective was to compare mean intakes of nutritious foods such as fruit, dairy, and whole grains by children grouped based on whether they met the DGA added sugars recommendation or not. Methods Children ages 2 to 19 years who had complete dietary intake data on day 1 of What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015–2016 were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: (1) those who met the DGA added sugars recommendation; and (2) those who did not meet the recommendation. Energy and selected food group intakes of the two groups were estimated and compared using SAS-callable SUDAAN software, and a p-value less than 0.01 was considered as significantly different. Results There were 2901 children in the study. Only about one-third of all children (34.8 ± 1.2%), met the added sugars recommendation, and household income did not impact the percentage of children meeting the recommendation. Forty-seven % of 2–5 year old and 31% of 6–19 year old children met the recommendation. The estimated mean added sugars intake of the children who met the recommendation was considerably lower than those who did not meet the recommendation, 6.4 ± 0.23 vs. 21.2 ± 0.51 teaspoon equivalents (eq.), respectively. The children who met the recommendation had significantly lower energy intake than those who did not meet the recommendation, 1764 ± 32 vs. 1924 ± 30 kilocalories, respectively. In spite of their lower energy intake, children who met the recommendation had significantly higher intakes of total fruit, 1.3 ± 0.05 vs. 0.8 ± 0.05 cup eq.; total dairy, 2.1 ± 0.12 vs. 1.8 ± 0.08 cup eq.; and whole grains 1.0 ± 0.07 vs. 0.8 ± 0.04 ounce eq. than the other group. In other words, those who met the recommendation made better food choices by eating nutritious foods for lower energy intake. Conclusions The study findings showed that high added sugars intake have the potential to replace nutritious foods and reduce the overall quality of the diet, in children. Funding Sources The study was funded by USDA, Agricultural Research Service.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Disparities in Foods/Beverages and Nutrients Consumed by U.S. Adolescents When Snacking: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2530
Author(s):  
Navika Gangrade ◽  
Janet Figueroa ◽  
Tashara M. Leak
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Income Ratio

Snacking contributes a significant portion of adolescents’ daily energy intake and is associated with poor overall diet and increased body mass index. Adolescents from low socioeconomic status (SES) households have poorer snacking behaviors than their higher-SES counterparts. However, it is unclear if the types of food/beverages and nutrients consumed during snacking differ by SES among adolescents. Therefore, this study examines SES disparities in the aforementioned snacking characteristics by analyzing the data of 7132 adolescents (12–19 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018. Results reveal that adolescents from low-income households (poverty-to-income ratio (PIR) ≤ 1.3) have lower odds of consuming the food/beverage categories “Milk and Dairy” (aOR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.95; p = 0.007) and “Fruits” (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.78; p = 0.001) as snacks and higher odds of consuming “Beverages” (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.19-1.76; p = 0.001) compared to those from high-income households (PIR > 3.5). Additionally, adolescents from low- and middle-income (PIR > 1.3–3.5) households consume more added sugar (7.98 and 7.78 g vs. 6.66 g; p = 0.012, p = 0.026) and less fiber (0.78 and 0.77 g vs. 0.84 g; p = 0.044, p = 0.019) from snacks compared to their high-income counterparts. Future research is necessary to understand factors that influence snacking among adolescents, and interventions are needed, especially for adolescents from low-SES communities.

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