scholarly journals Determining Risk Factors for the Development of Temporomandibular Disorders during Orthodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8216
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ugolini ◽  
Federico Garbarino ◽  
Luca Di Vece ◽  
Francesca Silvestrini-Biavati ◽  
Valentina Lanteri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
One Year

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology. Despite several studies on the subject, a causal relationship between orthodontic treatment and different forms of TMD has not been established. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of orthodontic treatment on two aspects of TMD: myofascial pain and disc displacement. This retrospective cohort study followed 224 orthodontic adult patients at three points in time: before treatment (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), and one year after treatment (T2). Disc displacement and myofascial pain were evaluated through a clinical assessment and with a semi-structured interview, along with headache, neck, and shoulder pain parameters and behavioral and somatic accompanying symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors that could influence the development of TMD in these patients. There was a non-significant increase in disc displacement during orthodontic treatment, which mostly resolved after completion of treatment. Myofascial pain scores worsened during treatment, but improved when compared with the baseline once treatment was complete (T0 = 51.3%, T1 = 64.6%, T2 = 44.9%). Female gender (aOR = 1.9, CI 95%, 1.23–2.36), the presence of somatic symptoms (aOR = 3.6, CI 95%, 2.01–5.84), and symptoms of anxiety or depression (aOR = 2.2, CI 95%, 1.14–4.51) were significant risk factors associated with the development of TMD. There is a low and not significant risk of TMD development during orthodontic treatment. When TMD occurred, they resolved within 1 year of the end of treatment.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Dental Attrition Levels in Patients with Posterior Crossbite and/or Deep Bite: A Preliminary Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naser Khayat ◽  
Efraim Winocur ◽  
Ron Kedem ◽  
Orit Winocur Arias ◽  
Ayman Zaghal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Dental Attrition ◽  
Axis I ◽  
One Year

Background. The prevalence of various temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and the severity of attrition in patients with either bilateral or unilateral deep bite and/or posterior crossbite has not been established, nor has the effect of one year of orthodontic treatment on TMD. Methods. Of 310 patients presenting with suspected TMD, 160 were diagnosed with various TMD and 150 were TMD-free. Diagnosis was according to the Axis I of the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. All participants underwent a dental examination, and 100 patients were reevaluated after one year of orthodontic treatment. Fisher’s exact test and the proportion test with Bonferroni’s correction were used for the categorical univariate analysis. Results. There was a significant association ( P < 0.001 ) between deep bite and dental attrition (wear), but not between crossbite and/or deep bite in patients diagnosed with either painful TMD or disc displacement. The risk of sustaining painful TMD when crossbite presented simultaneously on the anterior and the posterior dentition was 2.625-fold greater than when it presented with a normal bite, although this difference was not significant ( P = 0.286 ) due to the lack of statistical power. There was no significant sex-related association between the occurrence of either painful TMD or disc displacement. A reduction in TMD findings was demonstrated after one year of treatment, but no statistical power was reached due to the small sample size. Conclusions. Deep bite may be related to dental wear but not to pain from TMD and/or disc displacement. Only crossbite that presents simultaneously on the anterior and the posterior dentition (mixed X-bite) may have some effect on the level of pain in TMD, but not on in the prevalence of disc displacement. Confirmation of these conclusions by well-designed studies on larger patient groups is warranted. There was a clinically significant improvement in TMD findings after one year of treatment.

scholarly journals ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФАКТОРІВ РИЗИКУ

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
І. К. Чурпій
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
History Of

<p>To optimize the therapeutic tactics and improve the treatment of peritonitis on the basis of retrospective analysis there are determined the significant risk factors: female gender, age 60 – 90 years, time to hospitalization for more than 48 hours, a history of myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmia, biliary, fecal and fibrinous purulent exudate, the terminal phase flow, operations with resection of the intestine and postoperative complications such as pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, pleurisy, early intestinal obstruction. Changes in the electrolyte composition of blood and lower albumin &lt;35 % of high risk prognostic course of peritonitis that requires immediate correction in the pre-and postoperative periods. The combination of three or more risk factors for various systems, creating a negative outlook for further treatment and the patient's life.</p>

Abstract 2877: Ultra-early Endovascular Embolization Of Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms Increases The Risk Of Hematoma Growth Unrelated To Aneurysmal Rebleeding

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Egashira ◽  
Shinichi Yoshimura ◽  
Yukiko Enomoto ◽  
Kiyofumi Yamada ◽  
Takahiko Asano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Hematoma Growth ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Systemic Anticoagulation

Background and purpose: Hematoma growth unrelated to aneurysmal rebleeding has been poorly studied, but is not a rare complication following endovascular embolization of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible risk factors for this phenomenon. Methods: We included 101 consecutive patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) who underwent endosaccular embolization at our institution within 72 hours of symptom onset in this study. All endovascular procedures were conducted under intraprocedural systemic anticoagulation. Age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, preoperative antiplatelet or anticoagulation use, neurological grade, Fisher computed tomography group, location and size of the aneurysm, the grade of aneurysm occlusion, and timing of endovascular procedure were retrospectively analyzed to find the risk factors for hematoma growth. Results: This series included 32 men (31.7%) and 69 women (68.3%), and the mean age ± SD was 65.5 ± 14.0 years. The mean time ± SD from onset to endovascular procedure was 12.1 ± 14.0 hours. Following the procedure, hematoma growth unrelated to aneurysmal rebleeding occurred in 14 patients (13.9%), and 10 of the 14 patients required surgical removal of hematoma and/or ventriculostomy to control intracranial pressure. All 14 patients had an anterior circulation aneurysm and had Fisher group 3 or 4 SAH. Ultra-early embolization (conducted within 6 hours after onset), female gender, history of hypertension, and poor neurological grade (WFNS grades 4 and 5) were significant risk factors of hematoma growth (p < 0.05 for all) by the univariate logistic analysis. In multivariate analysis, ultra-early embolization (OR, 18.0; 95% CI, 3.26-338; p = 0.0002), and female gender (OR, 9.83; 95% CI, 1.73-187; p = 0.0067) were independent risk factors for this phenomenon. Anterior circulation aneurysm and Fisher group 3 or 4 SAH did not suit for the logistic regression model, but were found to be significant risk factors by chi-square test (p = 0.018 and 0.022, respectively). Conclusions: Ultra-early endovascular embolization for ruptured cerebral aneurysm under systemic anticoagulation increases the risk of growth of hematomas unrelated to aneurysmal rebleeding. In addition, women with anterior circulation aneurysm presenting with dense focal SAH or intracerebral hematoma are at higher risk for this phenomenon.

Retrospective analysis of risk factors for fatigue in clinical trial patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15624-e15624
Author(s):  
Martin Eric Gore ◽  
Viktor Gruenwald ◽  
Robert John Motzer ◽  
David I. Quinn ◽  
Brian I. Rini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Phase Ii Trials ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ecog Ps

e15624 Background: Fatigue is a common toxicity in pts with mRCC, often associated with therapy, particularly with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). We performed a pooled retrospective analysis of pts with mRCC treated in clinical studies in order to explore predictors for fatigue. Methods: Data from pts treated in Pfizer mRCC trials (2003-2011) from phase III (NCT00083899, NCT00065468, NCT00678392) and phase II trials (NCT00054886, NCT00077974, NCT00083889, NCT00338884, NCT00137423) were included. Adverse event (CTCAE v3.0) terms of “fatigue” and “asthenia” were used. Hypothyroidism was defined as TSH>ULN or T4<LLN. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant risk factors for grade (G) 2 (moderate or causing difficulty performing some ADL) or higher fatigue. Results: 2749 pts (71% male) with a median age 60 (33% ≥65) were treated (median 162 days) with axitinib (n=359), sunitinib (n=1059), temsirolimus (TEM) (n=208), interferon-alfa (IFN) (n=560), sorafenib (n=335), or TEM + IFN (n=208). Most pts had baseline ECOG PS of 0 (47%) or 1 (51%), clear cell histology (91%), and nephrectomy (84%). 553 (20%) pts reported fatigue prior to starting study therapy. During study, fatigue was reported in 1794 (65%) pts (21% G1, 26% G2, 17% G3, 1% G4); in 61% pts worst grade was reported within the first 2 months of therapy. Fatigue led to discontinuation in 2%, and dose interruption or adjustment in 8%. Of 1773 pts treated with TKIs, 42% had ≥G2 fatigue. Of pts treated with TEM, IFN or both, 39%, 50% and 50%, respectively, had ≥G2 fatigue. Baseline factors [Odds Ratio] associated (p < 0.05) with ≥G2 fatigue were pretreatment fatigue [1.7] or hypothyroidism [1.6], age ≥65 [1.6], time from diagnosis ≥1 yr [1.4], female gender [1.3], ECOG PS 0 [0.7], and Asian vs Caucasian race [0.5]. Baseline LDH, calcium, and anemia were not significant. Conclusions: Pt attributes and comorbidities at baseline, independent of therapy, are associated with increased risk of clinically significant fatigue in pts treated for mRCC, and can be used to generate a predictive model. Appropriate counseling and control of co-morbid conditions may be important in managing fatigue in pts on TKI therapy.

Epidemiologic study of risk factors for meningioma in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2067-2067
Author(s):  
Alissa Butts ◽  
Jeremy A. Syrjanen ◽  
Jeremiah Aakre ◽  
Paul D. Brown ◽  
Clifford R. Jack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Clinic Study

2067 Background: An estimated 2% of the general population has a meningioma (Vernooij et al. 2007), which accounts for about 36% of all primary intracranial tumors (Ostrom et al. 2015). The most established risk factors are older age and female gender. One small study identified gender but no other risk factors with meningioma (Krampla et al 2004). A larger study using the Iowa Women’s Health study data found lower levels of physical activity, greater body mass index (BMI), greater height and uterine fibroids were associated with meningioma (Johnson et al. 2011). We sought to replicate these findings and to identify additional risk factors related to meningioma in a large population-based sample. Methods: Study participants were enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA), a population-based sample of Olmsted County, Minnesota residents used to study prevalence, incidence, and risk-factors for Mild Cognitive Impairment and dementia and includes a variety of medical factors. Using a text search of radiologists’ notes of 2,402 MCSA individuals, mean age 77±8 years and scanned between 2004-2014.We identified 52 subjects who had at least one meningioma. We estimated the association of selected potential risk factors with presence of meningioma using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender, which informed the multivariable models. Results: In the initial models, significant risk factors identified included BMI (as a continuous variable) (OR = 1.06 95%CI 1.01 to 1.12), taking NSAIDS (OR = 2.11, 95%CI 1.13 to 3.95), aspirin (OR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.04 to 3.46), and blood pressure lowering medication (OR = 2.06, 95%CI 1.07 to 3.99). Protective factors included male gender (OR = 0.51, 95%CI 0.29 to 0.90), coronary artery disease (CAD; OR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.22 to 0.97) and higher Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) total score (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.78 to 0.98). Simultaneous adjustment for these factors in a multivariable model did not attenuate these associations. Conclusions: Findings reveal gender and BMI as risk factors for meningioma. Additionally, certain medications such as NSAIDS and BP lowering medications warrant follow up as potential factors related to development of meningioma.

scholarly journals Orthodontics is temporomandibular disorder–neutral

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Manfredini ◽  
Edoardo Stellini ◽  
Antonio Gracco ◽  
Luca Lombardo ◽  
Luca Guarda Nardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT Objectives:  To assess if subjects with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have a similar prevalence of orthodontic history as a population of TMD-free individuals and to assess if those subjects who have a history of ideal orthodontics have fewer symptoms than those with a history of nonideal orthodontics. Materials and Methods:  Two groups of age- and sex-matched individuals belonging to either a study (“TMD”) or a control group were recruited. Subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment were classified as having a history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics based on the current presence of normal values in five reference occlusal features. Results:  The correlation with a history of orthodontic treatment was not clinically significant for any of the TMD diagnoses (ie, muscle pain, joint pain, disc displacement, arthrosis), with Phi (Φ) coefficient values within the −0.120 to 0.058 range. Within the subset of patients with a history of orthodontics, the correlation of ideal or nonideal orthodontic treatment with TMD diagnoses was, in general, not clinically relevant or was weakly relevant. Conclusions:  Findings confirmed the substantial absence of clinically significant effects of orthodontics as far as TMD is concerned. The very low correlation values of a negative or positive history of ideal or nonideal orthodontics with the different TMD diagnoses suggest that orthodontic treatment could not have a true role for TMD.

scholarly journals Risk factors for one-year all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marte Sofie Wang-Hansen ◽  
Hege Kersten ◽  
Torgeir Bruun Wyller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Due to expansion of longevity, the proportion of elderly people with multimorbidity is increasing. Our aim was to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients one year after acute hospitalization. Information regarding risk factors is important to support targeted care plans after discharge. Methods Prospective cohort study of patients acutely admitted to a medical department in a Norwegian regional hospital. Eligible patients were community-dwelling, received home care services before hospitalization, were aged 75+, and suffered from two or more chronic conditions. Inclusion period was 1. April – 31. October 2012. Candidate variables were number of daily prescribed drugs, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics score, delirium, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index score, and the laboratory analyses haemoglobin (Hgb), sodium (Na) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results We included 227 patients; mean age 86 years, 59% women, 71% lived alone. During the year after hospitalization, 39% died. In the adjusted cox proportional hazards regression analysis, significant and independent risk factors were BMI (hazard ratio (HR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.98 per kg/m 2 ), Hgb (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.98 per g/100 mL), Na (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99 per mmol/L) and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.07-3.08). Conclusions In this cohort of multimorbid elderly internal medicine patients, low body mass, hyponatremia, impaired renal function and anaemia were identified as independent and significant risk factors for one-year mortality.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Sexual Abuse among School going Children in Primary Schools in Kisumu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Maranga ◽  
Patrick Onyango ◽  
Dickens Omondi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Day Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Child sexual abuse is a public health problem with negative physical, mental, behavioral and learning outcomes to survivors. Recent Kenya Demographic Health Survey showed that 22% of women and 13% of men in western Kenya have experienced sexual abuse compared to 14% women and 6% men nationally. Its burden, predisposing factors and, sources of or reasons for differential exposure for boys are yet unclear. Whereas schools have a major influence on a child’s development and behavior, they have been identified as important settings where child sexual abuse might occur. However, how sexual abuse is patterned by type and location of school remains an open question. The present study investigated risk factors of sexual abuse among school-going children in primary schools in Kisumu County. Using a cross-sectional study design and guided by the ecological model, the study determined association between type of school and sexual abuse; association between location of school and sexual abuse, and spaces that predispose school-going children to sexual abuse in primary schools. A sample of 398 pupils aged between 10 – 16 years randomly identified participants from 37 pre-selected primary schools in Kisumu Central and Kisumu West sub-Counties was used. The schools had been stratified by location (rural and urban) and type (public or private, boarding or day). Parental permission was sought for respective pupils to participate in the study. Data from pupils was collected using self-administered questionnaires and focus group discussions, and key informant interviews from guidance and counseling teachers. The mean age of participants was 13 years. More pupils attended day schools than boarding schools (88% versus 12%; p= 0.017). Forced sex (29%) was the most common type of sexual abuse. More girls than boys had ever experienced any type of sexual abuse 29% versus 20%; p=0.038. Whereas there was no statistical difference in pupils’ experience of sexual abuse by type and location of school x2= 2.044; p>0.05 and x2= 0.823 p>0.05, pupils thought that attending public day schools is associated with higher risk for sexual abuse mainly while walking to and from home. Pupils cited bushes inside school (52%), latrines/toilets (51%) and bushes outside school (50%) as spaces where one is more likely to experience sexual abuse. Being a female pupil was the most significant risk factor for sexual abuse in the primary schools surveyed. This indicates that gendered predisposition plays an important role in occurrence of sexual abuse in primary schools. Though not statistically significant in this study, it is plausible that risky spaces and type of schools might modify female gender predisposition in subtler ways as suggested from the pupils’ perspectives. There is need for a gendered focus in a complex primary schooling environment

Optic disc haemorrhage and primary open-angle glaucoma: a clinical review

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2019-314583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Jasty ◽  
Alon Harris ◽  
Brent Siesky ◽  
Lucas W Rowe ◽  
Alice C Verticchio Vercellin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disc Haemorrhage

Studies have confirmed that optic disc haemorrhage (ODH) is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Various populations have differing risk factors for developing POAG. As such, a literature review was conducted examining seven studies published in India, China, Japan, Australia, Korea and the USA. The goal of this review was to better identify ODH risk factors and their relationship to development and progression of POAG. Ultimately, patients with ODH have a greater risk for developing POAG across all populations analysed in this review. However, some populations demonstrated additional risk factors for ODH, such as increasing age and female gender. Paradoxically, data from several studies show that people of African descent have a reduced risk of ODH despite having increased risk of open-angle glaucoma than their Caucasian counterparts. By parsing out the complex relations between ODH and open-angle glaucoma stratified by age, gender and race, we may gain a broader understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis and derive individualised treatment strategies.

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