scholarly journals Plasmalogen Deficiency and Overactive Fatty Acid Elongation Biomarkers in Serum of Breast Cancer Patients Pre- and Post-Surgery—New Insights on Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Disease Mechanisms

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4170
Author(s):  
Satomi Tomida ◽  
Dayan B. Goodenowe ◽  
Teruhide Koyama ◽  
Etsuko Ozaki ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Fatty Acid Elongation ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogen ◽  
Accurate Mass Spectrometry

The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) elongase, ELOVL5, is upregulated in breast cancer (BC) vs. adjacent normal tissue. We performed a comprehensive lipid metabolomic analysis of serum using high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry from two case-control studies that included non-BC, BC subjects pre-surgery, and BC subjects one-month post-surgery to determine if the metabolic signatures of over-active fatty acid elongation and other lipid changes could be detected in BC vs. non-BC subjects: study 1 (n = 48: non-BC, n = 69: pre-surgery BC); study 2 (blinded validation: n = 121: non-BC, n = 62: pre-surgery BC, n = 31: one month post-surgery). The ratio of the ELOVL5 precursor, linoleic acid (18:2) to a non-ELOVL5 precursor, oleic acid (18:1) was evaluated in multiple lipid pools (phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), lyso-PtdCho, and free fatty acids). This ratio was lower in pre-surgery BC subjects in all pools in both studies (p < 0.001). At one-month post-surgery, the 18:2/18:1 ratios increased vs. pre-surgery and were no longer different from non-BC subjects (p > 0.05 expect for lyso-PtdCho). In contrast to the elongation biomarkers, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) containing ethanolamine plasmalogen (EtnPls) species were observed to be further decreased in BC subjects one-month post-surgery vs. pre-surgery levels (p < 0.001). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that ELOVL5 is upregulated in BC tissue, which would result in the selective depletion of 18:2 vs. 18:1 containing lipid species. Surgical removal of the tumor removes the overactive ELOVL5 effect on serum lipids. In contrast, the low EtnPls levels do not appear to be caused by BC tumor activity and may be pre-existent and a possible risk factor for BC. These results indicate that it may be possible to screen for both breast cancer risk and breast cancer activity using a simple blood test.

Overexpression of microRNA-21 in the Serum of Breast Cancer Patients

MicroRNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Batool Savari ◽  
Sohrab Boozarpour ◽  
Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani ◽  
Hossein Sabouri ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. So it seems that there's a good chance of recovery if it's detected in its early stages even before the appearances of symptoms. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role during cancer progression. These transcripts can be tracked in liquid samples to reveal if cancer exists, for earlier treatment. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been shown to be a key regulator of carcinogenesis, and breast tumor is no exception. Objective: The present study was aimed to track the miR-21 expression level in serum of the breast cancer patients in comparison with that of normal counterparts. Methods: Comparative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to determine the levels of expression of miR-21 in the serum samples of 57 participants from which, 42 were the patients with breast cancer including pre-surgery patients (n = 30) and post-surgery patients (n = 12), and the others were the healthy controls (n = 15). Results: MiR-21 was significantly over expressed in the serum of breast cancer patients as compared with healthy controls (P = 0.002). A significant decrease was also observed following tumor resection (P < 0.0001). Moreover, it was found that miR-21 overexpression level was significantly associated with tumor grade (P = 0.004). Conclusion: These findings suggest that miR-21 has the potential to be used as a novel breast cancer biomarker for early detection and prognosis, although further experiments are needed.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acid use for obese breast cancer patients with aromatase inhibitor-related arthralgia (SWOG S0927)

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Shen ◽  
Joseph M. Unger ◽  
Katherine D. Crew ◽  
Cathee Till ◽  
Heather Greenlee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Functional Implications of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Protein in Breast Cancer and Tumor-Associated Macrophage Microenvironment

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Jiawei Chen ◽  
Vivian Yvonne Shin ◽  
John Chi-Wang Ho ◽  
Man-Ting Siu ◽  
Isabella Wai-Yin Cheuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Antimicrobial Protein ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Camp Receptor ◽  
Cancer Tissues

It is well-established that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in breast cancer development. Accumulating evidence suggested that human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein (CAMP), which is mainly expressed in host defense cells such as macrophages, is crucial not only in combating microorganisms but also promoting tumor growth. Here we report the interaction of CAMP with TAMs in breast cancer. CAMP expression was upregulated in cancer tissues and in the circulation of breast cancer patients. Surgical removal of tumor decreased CAMP peptide serum level. Knockdown of CAMP decreased cell proliferation and migration/invasion ability in breast cancer cells. CAMP expression was altered during macrophage M1/M2 polarization and was expressed predominantly in M2 phenotype. In addition, breast cancer cells co-cultured with macrophages upregulated CAMP expression and also increased cancer cell viability. Xenograft tumors reduced significantly upon CAMP receptor antagonist treatment. Our data implicated that CAMP confers an oncogenic role in breast cancer and plays an important role in the tumor microenvironment between TAMs and breast cancer cells, and blocking the interaction between them would provide a novel therapeutic option for this malignant disease.

scholarly journals Dietary changes in early-stage breast cancer patients from pre-surgery and over the 12 months post-surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Sonja H. Brunvoll ◽  
Inger Thune ◽  
Gro F. Bertheussen ◽  
Frøydis Fjeldheim ◽  
Vidar G. Flote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Dietary Changes ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe time after a breast cancer diagnosis is a potential period for making positive dietary changes, but previous results are conflicting. The main aim of the present study was to study breast cancer patients’ dietary changes during the 12 months post-surgery and from 12 months pre-surgery to 12 months post-surgery with repeated administration of a 7-d pre-coded food diary and an FFQ, respectively. Women (n 506), mean age 55·3 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stages I and II), were included. The dietary intake was quite stable over time, but the intake was lower for energy (0·3 and 0·4 MJ/d), alcohol (1·9 and 1·5 g/d) and vegetables (17 and 22 g/d) at 6 months than 3 weeks post-surgery (food diary) and at 12 months post-surgery than pre-surgery (FFQ), respectively. Furthermore, energy percentage (E%) from carbohydrates increased between 0·8 and 1·2 E% and E% from fat decreased between 0·6 and 0·8 E% over time, measured by both dietary assessment methods. We observed a higher intake of dairy products (11 g/d) at 6 months post-surgery (food diary), and a lower intake of dairy products (34 g/d) and red and processed meat (7·2 g/d) at 12 months post-surgery (FFQ). Moreover, 24 % of the patients claimed they made dietary changes, but mostly they did not change their diet differently compared with those patients who claimed no changes. In conclusion, breast cancer patients reported only minor dietary changes from 12 months pre-surgery and during the 12 months post-surgery.

scholarly journals Altered Levels of Desaturation and ω-6 Fatty Acids in Breast Cancer Patients’ Red Blood Cell Membranes

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Javier Amézaga ◽  
Gurutze Ugartemendia ◽  
Aitziber Larraioz ◽  
Nerea Bretaña ◽  
Aizpea Iruretagoyena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Lipidomic Analysis ◽  
Rbc Membrane

Red blood cell (RBC) membrane can reflect fatty acid (FA) contribution from diet and biosynthesis. In cancer, membrane FAs are involved in tumorigenesis and invasiveness, and are indicated as biomarkers to monitor the disease evolution as well as potential targets for therapies and nutritional strategies. The present study provides RBC membrane FA profiles in recently diagnosed breast cancer patients before starting chemotherapy treatment. Patients and controls were recruited, and their dietary habits were collected. FA lipidomic analysis of mature erythrocyte membrane phospholipids in blood samples was performed. Data were adjusted to correct for the effects of diet, body mass index (BMI), and age, revealing that patients showed lower levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acid, cis-vaccenic (25%) than controls, with consequent differences in desaturase enzymatic index (∆9 desaturase, –13.1%). In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), patients had higher values of ω-6 FA (C18:2 (+11.1%); C20:4 (+7.4%)). RBC membrane lipidomic analysis in breast cancer revealed that ω-6 pathways are favored. These results suggest new potential targets for treatments and better nutritional guidelines.

scholarly journals The Importance of Alexithymia in Post-surgery. Differences on Body Image and Psychological Adjustment in Breast Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Gutiérrez Hermoso ◽  
Lilian Velasco Furlong ◽  
Sofía Sánchez-Román ◽  
Lorena Salas Costumero
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Breast Conserving Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Type Of Surgery

Breast cancer is a disease that is difficult to face and that often hinders body acceptance. Body changes due to surgery can be very emotionally challenging for those who experience them. The aim of this study is to explore the differences on body image and psychological adjustment on women with breast cancer with high and low alexithymia according to the type of surgery. In this cross-sectional study, 119 women diagnosed with breast cancer (stages I, II, and III) were evaluated with different self-report questionnaires. Afterward, patients were divided into two groups (high and low levels of alexithymia) to analyze dependent variables (body image and psychological adjustment) according to the type of surgery (radical mastectomy or breast conserving therapy). The results of the General Linear Model suggest that when patients show high alexithymia combined with having undergone a radical mastectomy, they show higher levels of Hopelessness. Furthermore, in patients with high alexithymia, higher scores of maladaptive coping styles and greater distortion of body image were found. Alexithymia seems to play an important role in the way in which women cope with their disease, especially in those with radical mastectomy.

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