scholarly journals One-Step Reinforcement and Deacidification of Paper Documents: Application of Lewis Base—Chitosan Nanoparticle Coatings and Analytical Characterization

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Zhihui Jia ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Fangnan Zhao ◽  
Xiaolian Chao ◽  
Yuhu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Lewis Base ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticle ◽  
One Step

To delay acidification and deterioration during natural aging, deacidification and reinforcement of paper manuscripts have been the most important technologies to prolong the life of objects. Herein, a novel approach for the conservation of paper manuscripts is proposed using chitosan nanoparticles as Lewis base that leads to both deacidification and strengthening of paper in one-step. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared through physical ball grinding method and characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle size analyzer (LPSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscope (AFM). To evaluate the resistance of chitosan nanoparticle coating, the mechanical properties of paper after artificial aging were evaluated using dry heat and hygrothermal accelerated aging methods. The SEM, EDX, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the interaction mechanism between chitosan and Shuxuan paper. The results show that the coated paper had superior durability with respect to pH, tensile strength, and folding endurance. There was a presence of protonated amines in the form of ammonium salts due to ionic bindings with free H+ in the acidified paper, and the remaining –NH2 could be used as a base reserve. Finally, the resulting coated papers displayed good antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin/Calcium Phosphate-Modified Porous Ti by Biomimetic Mineralization: Effective Infection Prevention and Excellent Osteoinduction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Song Chen ◽  
Yuanli He ◽  
Linna Zhong ◽  
Wenjia Xie ◽  
Yiyuan Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biomimetic Mineralization ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

The surface modification of titanium (Ti) can enhance the osseointegration and antibacterial properties of implants. In this study, we modified porous Ti discs with calcium phosphate (CaP) and different concentrations of Lactoferrin (LF) by biomimetic mineralization and examined their antibacterial effects and osteogenic bioactivity. Firstly, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the fluorescent tracing method, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the releasing kinetics of LF were utilized to characterize the modified Ti surface. Then, the antibacterial properties against S. sanguis and S. aureus were investigated. Finally, in vitro cytological examination was performed, including evaluations of cell adhesion, cell differentiation, extracellular matrix mineralization, and cytotoxicity. The results showed that the porous Ti discs were successfully modified with CaP and LF, and that the LF-M group (200 μg/mL LF in simulated body fluid) could mildly release LF under control. Further, the LF-M group could effectively inhibit the adhesion and proliferation of S. sanguis and S. aureus and enhance the osteogenic differentiation in vitro with a good biocompatibility. Consequently, LF-M-modified Ti may have potential applications in the field of dental implants to promote osseointegration and prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis.

scholarly journals Surface Study of CuO Nanopetals by Advanced Nanocharacterization Techniques with Enhanced Optical and Catalytic Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Khan ◽  
Nafarizal Nayan ◽  
Shadiullah Shadiullah ◽  
Mohd Khairul Ahmad ◽  
Chin Fhong Soon
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Study ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Controlled Morphology ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In the present work, a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis of well-defined stabilized CuO nanopetals and its surface study by advanced nanocharacterization techniques for enhanced optical and catalytic properties has been investigated. Characterization by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed existence of high crystalline CuO nanopetals with average length and diameter of 1611.96 nm and 650.50 nm, respectively. The nanopetals are monodispersed with a large surface area, controlled morphology, and demonstrate the nanocrystalline nature with a monoclinic structure. The phase purity of the as-synthesized sample was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. A significantly wide absorption up to 800 nm and increased band gap were observed in CuO nanopetals. The valance band (VB) and conduction band (CB) positions at CuO surface are measured to be of +0.7 and −1.03 eV, respectively, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which would be very promising for efficient catalytic properties. Furthermore, the obtained CuO nanopetals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide ( H 2 O 2 ) achieved excellent catalytic activities for degradation of methylene blue (MB) under dark, with degradation rate > 99% after 90 min, which is significantly higher than reported in the literature. The enhanced catalytic activity was referred to the controlled morphology of monodispersed CuO nanopetals, co-operative role of H 2 O 2 and energy band structure. This work contributes to a new approach for extensive application opportunities in environmental improvement.

Preparation of C, N and P co-doped TiO2 and its photocatalytic activity under visible light

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Yanzhao Xie ◽  
Qiuyu Lin ◽  
Rongze Zheng ◽  
Yong Diao
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Doping Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
One Step ◽  
Co Doped

A series of composite catalysts of C, N and P co-doped TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method, using a biomass (soluble starch) dopant. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that TiO2 is co-doped with C, N and P by one step. The resulting composite exhibited higher specific surface area, wider visible-light absorption band with respect to the pure TiO2. The sample calcined at 400∘C for 2[Formula: see text]h with a doping amount of 6[Formula: see text]g soluble starch showed the best electrochemical performance. The C, N and P co-doped TiO2 was also used for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and degradation ratio was up to 98% in 80[Formula: see text]min under visible light irradiation.

Preparation, Characterization of Nonmetal Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles with their Excellent Photocatalystic Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2254-2257
Author(s):  
Ying Wei Wang ◽  
Yu Fei Li ◽  
Pei Han Yang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step ◽  
Doped Titania ◽  
Nonmetal Doping

Nonmetal (S, P) doped titania nanoparticles were synthesized by a one step hydrothermal method. These samples were calcined with different temperature, the sample exist in anatase phase has much higher photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation. The visible response and the higher UV activity of the different nonmetal doped TiO2make it possible to utilize solar energy efficiently to execute photocatalysis processes. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. It can conclude the nonmetal doping TiO2proves to be more suitable to improve the photocatalytic performance.

Activation of persulfate by heterogeneous catalyst ZnCo2O4–RGO for efficient degradation of bisphenol A

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 771-778
Author(s):  
Xin Chang ◽  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
Zhifeng Gao ◽  
Yingrui Tao ◽  
Yixuan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
One Step ◽  
Application Potential

A nanocomposite, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) modified ZnCo2O4 (ZnCo2O4–RGO) was synthesized via one-step solvothermal method for activating persulfate (PS) to degrade bisphenol A (BPA). The morphology and structure of the nanocomposite were identified by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. RGO provides nucleation sites for ZnCo2O4 to grow and inhibits the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. The influence of different reaction conditions on the oxidation of BPA catalyzed by ZnCo2O4–RGO was investigated, including the content of RGO, the dosage of catalyst, the concentration of humic acid (HA), anions in the environment, the reaction temperature, and pH. BPA can be totally degraded within 20 min under optimized reaction conditions. The presence of HA, Cl−, and NO3− only has a slight effect on the oxidation of BPA, whereas the presence of either H2PO4− or HCO3− can greatly inhibit the reaction. ZnCo2O4–RGO shows good cycling stability and practical application potential. A reaction mechanism of the degradation of BPA was also explored.

Photoconversion of CO2 using copper-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1335-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wei ◽  
Xin Tan ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Lin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Illumination ◽  
One Step

A series of copper-modified titanium dioxide (Cu/TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via one-step sol-gel method. The crystal structure and chemical properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Cu/TiO2nanoparticles were applied to CO2photoconversion and the yield of formaldehyde was used to evaluate the photocatalytic performance. The optimum amount of copper modifying was 0.6 wt.% and the yield of formaldehyde was 946 μmol/gcatunder UV illumination for 6 h. 20 wt.% Cu/TiO2also performed a high photocatalytic activity, which yielded 433 μmol/gcatformaldehyde under UV illumination for 6 h.

Flowerlike submicrometer gold particles: Size- and surface roughness-controlled synthesis and electrochemical characterization

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1755-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsheng Shan ◽  
Dongxue Han ◽  
Jiangfeng Song ◽  
Ari Ivaska ◽  
Li Niu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrocatalytic Activity ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step

Flowerlike submicrometer gold particles were synthesized through a simple one-step method using p-diaminobenzene as a reductant in the presence of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) in aqueous solution. The particle size with diameters ranging from 267 to 725 nm could be tuned by varying the molar ratio of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) to HAuCl4, which also resulted in tunable roughness. The gold particles were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry showed that the specific surface area of the flowerlike particles was larger than that of sphere particles. The obtained flowerlike particles with higher surface area also exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity toward H2O2 and O2. The increase of electrocatalytic activity could be attributed to the increase of the active surface area.

One-step synthesis of Sb2O3 broom-like belts with controllable morphology

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1093-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingrui Zhao ◽  
Xuanjun Zhang ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Yi Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
Antimony Trioxide ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Template Free

A direct and simple surfactant- and template-free route has been developed for the controlled synthesis of Sb2O3 belt-like microstructures. By adjusting the reactant ratio between SbCl3 and urea under solvothermal reaction conditions, broom-like belts and rods of Sb2O3 have been successfully prepared. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to characterize the phases and morphologies of the as-prepared products. A possible formation mechanism is also discussed.Key words: antimony trioxide, solvothermal synthesis, broom-like belts.

Fabrication of cotton fabrics with durable antibacterial activities finishing by Ag nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 867-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunping Wu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Zhijie Zhang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Yanbao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fabric Surface

In this paper, we propose a facile and mild route to prepare size-tunable silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and their finishing application on fabrication of antibacterial cotton fabrics. The as-prepared Ag NPs, with an average particles size of 2.3 nm, show the minimal inhibitory concentration of 7.8 µg/mL and the minimum bactericidal concentration of 15.6 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, sodium citrate served as a stabilizing agent to prevent Ag NP agglomeration in the synthesis process, and citric acid acted as a binder to fix Ag NPs on the cotton fabrics through chemical bonds in the finishing process. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy demonstrate that Ag NPs have been fixed and well dispersed on the cotton fabric surface. Ag contents in the hybrid fabrics were measured by the techniques of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and UV-vis, and the antibacterial properties of hybrid fabrics were tested by the shake flask and agar diffusion plate method. It is found that the Ag NP coated cotton fabrics exhibit excellent antimicrobial activities against both the Gram-negative bacterium of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the Gram-positive bacterium of Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus). The percentages of reduction bacteria remain at 91.8% and 98.7% for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively, even after 50 cycles of consecutive laundering, which indicates that the antibiotic performance of the as-fabricated hybrid fabrics is also durable.

One Step Synthesis of Graphene-Like Structures by Carbonization of some Carbohydrates in Molten Salt Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 166-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Gürünlü ◽  
Mahmut Bayramoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hummers Method ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
One Step ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Molten Salt System

Graphene is one of the most promising materials discovered in last years. It is usually synthesized by Hummers’ method requiring the usage of many chemicals. As an alternative to traditional methods, in this study a bottom-up synthesis method was developed from various saccharides such as starch, mannose, cellulose, fructose, arabinose, and xylose by carbonization at 600 °C to 800 °C in LiCl/KCl molten salt system. The proposed method is environmental friendly and economic. Graphene yields at 600 °C are higher than at 800 °C. Graphene products give peak at 2θ = 23° on the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns. As the temperature is increased, amorph structure is observed on the XRD patterns. Raman spectroscopy results show that intensity of D band peak over intensity of G band peak (ID/IG) values of graphene products synthesized from arabinose and cellulose at 600 °C, graphene from arabinose synthesized at 800 °C are 0.76, 0.65 and 0.85 respectively, which show that these products are few-layered. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results, graphene products synthesized at 600 °C have higher carbon content than those synthesized at 800 °C.

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