scholarly journals An Integer Non-Cooperative Game Approach for the Transactive Control of Thermal Appliances in Energy Communities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6971
Author(s):  
Luciana Marques ◽  
Wadaed Uturbey ◽  
Miguel Heleno
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Cost Functions ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Energy Community

Non-cooperative scheduling games can be used to coordinate residential loads in order to achieve a common goal while accounting for individual consumer’s interests, privacy, and autonomy. However, a significant portion of the residential flexibility—Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) such as water and space heating/cooling appliances—has not been fully addressed under this game theoretic approach: their comfort constraints and integer control were not considered. This paper presents a method for properly including TCLs in this framework and discusses its application in energy communities. Specifically, we propose a general mathematical formulation for considering users’ comfort in non-cooperative games. We model the integer nature of the TCLs control with binary variables and show that optimal or close to optimal (less than 1%) solutions are reached. Moreover, different total cost functions can be used depending on the market context and the objective of the demand management program. To illustrate and discuss these aspects in practical applications, we used a case study of an energy community in Spain. The results show that the TC solutions are optimal or only 0.80% worse than optimal; different total cost functions result in different results (load curve smoothing or peak load reduction); consumers’ comfort is respected; and the proposed game model cooperates with consumers in order to minimize community’s costs.

scholarly journals Mechanism Design for Demand Management in Energy Communities

Games ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Xupeng Wei ◽  
Achilleas Anastasopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
Tax Subsidy ◽  
Allocation Function ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
Message Space

We consider a demand management problem in an energy community, in which several users obtain energy from an external organization such as an energy company and pay for the energy according to pre-specified prices that consist of a time-dependent price per unit of energy as well as a separate price for peak demand. Since users’ utilities are their private information, which they may not be willing to share, a mediator, known as the planner, is introduced to help optimize the overall satisfaction of the community (total utility minus total payments) by mechanism design. A mechanism consists of a message space, a tax/subsidy, and an allocation function for each user. Each user reports a message chosen from her own message space, then receives some amount of energy determined by the allocation function, and pays the tax specified by the tax function. A desirable mechanism induces a game, the Nash equilibria (NE), of which results in an allocation that coincides with the optimal allocation for the community. As a starting point, we design a mechanism for the energy community with desirable properties such as full implementation, strong budget balance and individual rationality for both users and the planner. We then modify this baseline mechanism for communities where message exchanges are allowed only within neighborhoods, and consequently, the tax/subsidy and allocation functions of each user are only determined by the messages from their neighbors. All of the desirable properties of the baseline mechanism are preserved in the distributed mechanism. Finally, we present a learning algorithm for the baseline mechanism, based on projected gradient descent, that is guaranteed to converge to the NE of the induced game.

Hybrid ant colony optimization for capacitated multiple-allocation cluster hub location problem

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirabi ◽  
Parya Seddighi
Keyword(s):  
Ant Colony Optimization ◽  
Location Problem ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Hub Location ◽  
Hub Location Problem ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

AbstractThe hub location problems involve locating facilities and designing hub networks to minimize the total cost of transportation (as a function of distance) between hubs, establishing facilities and demand management. In this paper, we consider the capacitated cluster hub location problem because of its wide range of applications in real-world cases, especially in transportation and telecommunication networks. In this regard, a mathematical model is presented to address this problem under capacity constraints imposed on hubs and transportation lines. Then, a new hybrid algorithm based on simulated annealing and ant colony optimization is proposed to solve the presented problem. Finally, the computational experiments demonstrate that the proposed heuristic algorithm is both effective and efficient.

Application of mathematical tools to improve the design and operation of activated sludge plants. Case study: the new WWTP of Galindo-Bilbao Part I: Optimum design

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rivas ◽  
E. Ayesa ◽  
A. Galarza ◽  
A. Salterain
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Mathematical Programming Problem ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Nonlinear Optimisation

This paper presents a mathematical formulation for the optimum design of a new activated sludge WWTP. The WWTP optimum design problem has been formulated as a Mathematical Programming problem, which is solved through a nonlinear optimisation method. The plant model has been based on the ASM1. The minimum volume of the biological reactors and the minimum total cost (including construction and exploitation costs) have been considered as optimisation criteria. Some practical results are also included, using as a case study the design of the second stage of the Galindo-Bilbao WWTP.

Results of the largest residential demand management program in Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turner ◽  
S. White ◽  
K. Beatty ◽  
A. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Total Saving ◽  
Income Category ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Residential Demand

This paper provides details and the results of an evaluation study carried out on the largest residential demand management program in Australia, the Sydney Water Corporation (SWC) ‘Every Drop Counts’ (EDC) residential retrofit program. The evaluation measured the water savings of program participants and compared them to a control group. Savings of 20.9 ± 2.5 kilolitres per household per annum (kL/hh/a) were found from statistical analysis of water meter readings of the sample of single residential households analysed. These individual savings effectively provide SWC with a potential total saving of 3,344 ± 400 megalitres per annum (ML/a) for the single residential houses retrofitted alone, i.e. 80% of the 200,000 households retrofitted to date. The evaluation identified that no ‘decay’ in average savings were found over the maximum four year period assessed. Other factors evaluated during the study included: analysis of individual water efficiency measures; comparison of savings with other evaluations; and savings related to occupancy ratio, geographical grouping, income category and defined socioeconomic categories.

Causality and information transfer in systems with extreme events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Palus
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Heavy Tailed

<p>The mathematical formulation of causality in measurable terms of predictability was given by the father of cybernetics N. Wiener [1] and formulated for time series by C.W.J. Granger [2]. The Granger causality is based on the evaluation of predictability in bivariate autoregressive models. This concept has been generalized for nonlinear systems using methods rooted in information theory [3,4]. The information-theoretic approach, defining causality as information transfer, has been successful in many applications and generalized to multivariate data and causal networks [e.g., 5]. This approach, rooted in the information theory of Shannon, usually ignores two important properties of complex systems, such as the Earth climate: the systems evolve on multiple time scales and their variables have heavy-tailed probability distributions. While the multiscale character of complex dynamics, such as air temperature variability, can be studied within the Shannonian framework [6, 7], the entropy concepts of Rényi and Tsallis have been proposed to cope with variables with heavy-tailed probability distributions. We will discuss how such non-Shannonian entropy concepts can be applied in inference of causality in systems with heavy-tailed probability distributions and extreme events, using examples from the climate system.</p><p>This study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project GA19-16066S.</p><p> </p><p> [1] N. Wiener, in: E. F. Beckenbach (Editor), Modern Mathematics for Engineers (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956)</p><p>[2] C.W.J. Granger, Econometrica 37 (1969) 424</p><p>[3] K. Hlaváčková-Schindler et al., Phys. Rep. 441 (2007)  1</p><p>[4] M. Paluš, M. Vejmelka, Phys. Rev. E 75 (2007) 056211</p><p>[5] J. Runge et al., Nature Communications 6 (2015) 8502</p><p>[6] M. Paluš, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 078702</p><p> [7] N. Jajcay, J. Hlinka, S. Kravtsov, A. A. Tsonis, M. Paluš, Geophys. Res. Lett. 43(2) (2016) 902–909</p>

Development of strategic water reserve for the Holy City of Makkah, Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Abdullah S. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Demand Management ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Water Reserve ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Subsurface Dam ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural Recharge

This contribution presents part of the work that had been done to develop the water resources in Wadi Naman east of Makkah City to form a strategic water reserve for the city of Makkah and the nearby holy shrines. The aim of the strategic water reserve is to be used as water supply in emergencies when the desalination plant or the pipelines from the desalination plant to the city have to be out of the service for a considerable amount of time due to planned or unplanned shutdowns. The development plan calls for a constructing of a subsurface dam across the Wadi at a prescribed location. The proposed subsurface dam will extend from 3 m below the natural ground surface to a depth of 2–3 metres inside solid bedrock. The suggested dam may be constructed using plain plastic concrete and utilizing the diaphragm wall technique for construction. The crest of the subsurface dam can serve as a buried spillway to convey access water downstream and the overflow freeboard will provide a room for utilities that passes through the wadi to serve cities and villages upstream. The alluvium thickness upstream of the proposed dam location is ranging from 20–70 m and the total volume of the alluvium behind the dam that can store water is 218 × 106 m3. Pumping test revealed that the transmissivity is 1,376 m2/day and the yield storage coefficient is 0.15. The safe water yield that can be stored in the alluvium behind the dam due to natural recharge of 6.53 × 106 m3/year and interception of the groundwater flow by the dam can reach an amount of 32.7 million cubic metres of water in a period of about 5 years from the date of completion of the dam. This amount of water can serve the city and the nearby holy shrines for a period of up to four months with a good demand management program. However, to maintain the desired levels of water quality and quantity in the reservoir and to minimize the adverse effect of the dam on the downstream area a very strict management program of the basin has to be followed. This management program can be used to control the urban and rural development in the area upstream of the dam and enhancing artificial and natural recharge in the upstream and downstream sides of the dam.

Electric Load Forecasting of Electric Vehicles in Charging

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 1165-1168
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Tao Wei ◽  
Ming Xin Zhao ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Chao Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Electric Load ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Market Management ◽  
The Impact

This paper forecast the electric load of the mass electric cars connected to the electric grid in charging and discharging; considered the inventory forecast of electric vehicles; comprehensive analyzed the charge and discharge characteristics of the electric cars’ charging infrastructures and the impact factors such as users’ behaviors as well as the using frequency, which lead to different load distribution at different times. It calculated the total load of electric vehicles into the load curve and the load curve of the characteristics under different regions (industrial, commercial and residential). Concludes that the mass electric cars connected to the electricity grid will increase the peak load of power grid, and lay the foundation for the subsequent market management and optimization control.

THRESHOLD TEMPERATURE AND THERMAL CONSTANT FOR EGG DEVELOPMENT OF NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM, DIABROTICA LONGICORNIS (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1051-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Dominique ◽  
W. N. Yule
Keyword(s):  
Management Program ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Northern Corn Rootworm

The northern corn rootworm, Diabrotica longicornis (Say), is a recent pest of corn in southern Québec (Guibord 1976). Little is known of local quantitative temperature relationships, although such information could have important practical applications in developing a pest management program.The object of this study was to determine the threshold temperature and thermal constant for egg development and eclosion, and to relate soil and air temperatures to the phenology of egg hatch in the field under Qutbec corn-growing conditions.

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