scholarly journals Genetic Approaches to Enhance Multiple Stress Tolerance in Maize

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Nenad Malenica ◽  
Jasenka Antunović Dunić ◽  
Lovro Vukadinović ◽  
Vera Cesar ◽  
Domagoj Šimić
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Haploid Induction ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Multiple Stress Tolerance

The multiple-stress effects on plant physiology and gene expression are being intensively studied lately, primarily in model plants such as Arabidopsis, where the effects of six stressors have simultaneously been documented. In maize, double and triple stress responses are obtaining more attention, such as simultaneous drought and heat or heavy metal exposure, or drought in combination with insect and fungal infestation. To keep up with these challenges, maize natural variation and genetic engineering are exploited. On one hand, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with multiple-stress tolerance are being identified by molecular breeding and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which then could be utilized for future breeding programs of more resilient maize varieties. On the other hand, transgenic approaches in maize have already resulted in the creation of many commercial double or triple stress resistant varieties, predominantly weed-tolerant/insect-resistant and, additionally, also drought-resistant varieties. It is expected that first generation gene-editing techniques, as well as recently developed base and prime editing applications, in combination with the routine haploid induction in maize, will pave the way to pyramiding more stress tolerant alleles in elite lines/varieties on time.

scholarly journals Metabolome-scale genome-wide association studies reveal chemical diversity and genetic control of maize specialized metabolites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Shaoqun ◽  
Karl A. Kremling ◽  
Bandillo Nonoy ◽  
Richter Annett ◽  
Ying K. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Single Linkage ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Maize Varieties

One Sentence SummaryHPLC-MS metabolite profiling of maize seedlings, in combination with genome-wide association studies, identifies numerous quantitative trait loci that influence the accumulation of foliar metabolites.AbstractCultivated maize (Zea mays) retains much of the genetic and metabolic diversity of its wild ancestors. Non-targeted HPLC-MS metabolomics using a diverse panel of 264 maize inbred lines identified a bimodal distribution in the prevalence of foliar metabolites. Although 15% of the detected mass features were present in >90% of the inbred lines, the majority were found in <50% of the samples. Whereas leaf bases and tips were differentiated primarily by flavonoid abundance, maize varieties (stiff-stalk, non-stiff-stalk, tropical, sweet corn, and popcorn) were differentiated predominantly by benzoxazinoid metabolites. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), performed for 3,991 mass features from the leaf tips and leaf bases, showed that 90% have multiple significantly associated loci scattered across the genome. Several quantitative trait locus hotspots in the maize genome regulate the abundance of multiple, often metabolically related mass features. The utility of maize metabolite GWAS was demonstrated by confirming known benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes, as well as by mapping isomeric variation in the accumulation of phenylpropanoid hydroxycitric acid esters to a single linkage block in a citrate synthase-like gene. Similar to gene expression databases, this metabolomic GWAS dataset constitutes an important public resource for linking maize metabolites with biosynthetic and regulatory genes.

scholarly journals Functional genomic approaches to improve crop plant heat stress tolerance

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baljeet Singh ◽  
Neha Salaria ◽  
Kajal Thakur ◽  
Sarvjeet Kukreja ◽  
Shristy Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Signalling Network ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance

Heat stress as a yield limiting issue has become a major threat for food security as global warming progresses. Being sessile, plants cannot avoid heat stress. They respond to heat stress by activating complex molecular networks, such as signal transduction, metabolite production and expressions of heat stress-associated genes. Some plants have developed an intricate signalling network to respond and adapt it. Heat stress tolerance is a polygenic trait, which is regulated by various genes, transcriptional factors, proteins and hormones. Therefore, to improve heat stress tolerance, a sound knowledge of various mechanisms involved in the response to heat stress is required. The classical breeding methods employed to enhance heat stress tolerance has had limited success. In this era of genomics, next generation sequencing techniques, availability of genome sequences and advanced biotechnological tools open several windows of opportunities to improve heat stress tolerance in crop plants. This review discusses the potential of various functional genomic approaches, such as genome wide association studies, microarray, and suppression subtractive hybridization, in the process of discovering novel genes related to heat stress, and their functional validation using both reverse and forward genetic approaches. This review also discusses how these functionally validated genes can be used to improve heat stress tolerance through plant breeding, transgenics and genome editing approaches.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis-related proteins and peptides as promising tools for engineering plants with multiple stress tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Ali ◽  
Bashir Ahmad Ganai ◽  
Azra N Kamili ◽  
Ajaz Ali Bhat ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Mir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Proteins ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Multiple Stress Tolerance ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

scholarly journals Stable Expression of mtlD Gene Imparts Multiple Stress Tolerance in Finger Millet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e99110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanna Hema ◽  
Ramu S. Vemanna ◽  
Shivakumar Sreeramulu ◽  
Chandrasekhara P. Reddy ◽  
Muthappa Senthil-Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Stable Expression ◽  
Multiple Stress ◽  
Multiple Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals Advances in Omics Approaches for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhi Chaudhary ◽  
Praveen Khatri ◽  
Pankaj Singla ◽  
Surbhi Kumawat ◽  
Anu Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Regulatory Networks ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Efficient Utilization

Tomato, one of the most important crops worldwide, has a high demand in the fresh fruit market and processed food industries. Despite having considerably high productivity, continuous supply as per the market demand is hard to achieve, mostly because of periodic losses occurring due to biotic as well as abiotic stresses. Although tomato is a temperate crop, it is grown in almost all the climatic zones because of widespread demand, which makes it challenge to adapt in diverse conditions. Development of tomato cultivars with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance is one of the most sustainable approaches for its successful production. In this regard, efforts are being made to understand the stress tolerance mechanism, gene discovery, and interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Several omics approaches, tools, and resources have already been developed for tomato growing. Modern sequencing technologies have greatly accelerated genomics and transcriptomics studies in tomato. These advancements facilitate Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic selection (GS). However, limited efforts have been made in other omics branches like proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics. Extensive cataloging of omics resources made here has highlighted the need for integration of omics approaches for efficient utilization of resources and a better understanding of the molecular mechanism. The information provided here will be helpful to understand the plant responses and the genetic regulatory networks involved in abiotic stress tolerance and efficient utilization of omics resources for tomato crop improvement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document