scholarly journals The Impact of Public Reporting Schemes and Market Competition on Hospital Efficiency

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Ahreum Han ◽  
Keon-Hyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Public Reporting ◽  
Hospital Efficiency ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis ◽  
Value Based Care ◽  
Hospital Compare ◽  
The Impact

In the wake of growing attempts to assess the validity of public reporting, much research has examined the effectiveness of public reporting regarding cost or quality of care. However, relatively little is known about whether transparency through public reporting significantly influences hospital efficiency despite its emerging expectations for providing value-based care. This study aims to identify the dynamics that transparency brought to the healthcare market regarding hospital technical efficiency, taking the role of competition into account. We compare the two public reporting schemes, All-Payer Claims Database (APCD) and Hospital Compare. Employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and a cross-sectional time-series Tobit regression analysis, we found that APCD is negatively associated with hospital technical efficiency, while hospitals facing less competition responded significantly to increasingly transparent information by enhancing their efficiency relative to hospitals in more competitive markets. We recommend that policymakers take market mechanisms into consideration jointly with the introduction of public reporting schemes in order to produce the best outcomes in healthcare.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Revenue Maximising Efficiency of Public Sector Banks in the Post-Reforms Period

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ombir Singh ◽  
Sanjeev Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper investigates and compares the performance of the Indian public sector banks (PSBs) based on revenue maximising efficiency in the deregulation period from 2001-02 to 2012-13. Several efficiency estimates viz., overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of individual banks are calculated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The empirical findings indicate the presence of managerial and scale inefficiencies in the operation of the most of the PSBs. Applying the Tobit regression analysis, the paper also assesses the impact of different environmental factors, like profitability, the level of non-performing assets, size etc. on the efficiency of PSBs. It is observed that banks with high profitability, low level of non-performing assets, and relatively larger size are more technically efficient.

scholarly journals Technical Inefficiency Determinants in Potato Production: The case of Potato Farmers in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hailu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Land Fragmentation

The study identified the factors that cause variation in the level of efficiency in potato production. The study used household level cross sectional data collected in 2015/16 from 196 sample farmers selected by multistage sampling technique. For the data collection, a personally administered structured questionnaire was used. In the analyses, descriptive statistics, a stochastic frontier model (SFM) and a two-limit Tobit regression model were employed. Tobit model revealed that technical efficiency was positively and significantly affected by education, land tenure status, extension service, credit and soil fertility whereas variables such as sex of household head, age of household head, farm size and land fragmentation affected it negatively. Therefore the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote education, extension visits, access to credit and soil fertility for improvement in technical efficiency.

The Covid-19 pandemic and technical efficiency of Russian firms: a stochastic frontier production function approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Singh ◽  
Kashika Arora ◽  
Areej Aftab Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to undertake the efficiency analysis in the form of stochastic frontier to estimate a Cobb–Douglas production function by controlling for the heterogeneity across Russian firms by including firm size, ownership, age, innovation activity and market competition. Design/methodology/approach During the peak period of Covid-19, certain firms witnessed either a decrease or increase in sales. Using this segregation of firms from World Bank’s Covid-19 impact surveys follow-up to the Enterprise Survey for Russia, this study empirically investigates the determinants of technical efficiency of these firms focusing on the role of government assistance. Findings The findings suggest that by segregating firms in terms of sales, different internal factors can enable in steering through pandemic situation besides just depending on external assistance. Originality/value One of the few papers to analyse the impact of the pandemic on Russian firms by considering World Bank Covid Survey.

scholarly journals Can Integrated Care Improve the Efficiency of Hospitals? - Research based on 200 Hospitals in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixuan Peng ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Guangsheng Wan ◽  
Peter C. Coyte
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Care ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hospital Efficiency ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Service Effectiveness ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Optimal Efficiency ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis

Abstract Backgrounds: The shift towards integrated care (IC) represents a global trend towards more comprehensive and coordinated systems of care, particularly for vulnerable populations, such as the elderly. When health systems face fiscal constraints, integrated care has been advanced as a potential solution by simultaneously improving health service effectiveness and efficiency. This paper addresses the latter. There are three study objectives: first, to compare efficiency differences between IC and non-IC hospitals in China; second, to examine variations in efficiency among different types of IC hospitals; and finally, to explore whether the implementation of IC impacts hospital efficiency. Methods This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to calculate efficiency scores among a sample of 200 hospitals in H Province, China. Tobit regression analysis was performed to explore the influence of IC implementation on hospital efficiency scores after adjustment for potential confounding. Moreover, the association between various input and output variables and the implementation of IC was investigated using regression techniques. Results The study has four principal findings: first, IC hospitals, on average, are shown to be more efficient than non-IC hospitals after adjustment for covariates. Holding output constant, IC hospitals are shown to reduce their current input mix by 12% and 4% to achieve optimal efficiency under constant and variable returns-to-scale, respectively, while non-IC hospitals have to reduce their input mix by 26% and 20% to achieve the same level of efficiency; second, with respect to the efficiency of each type of IC, we show that higher efficiency scores are achieved by administrative and virtual IC models over a contractual IC model; third, we demonstrate that IC influences hospitals efficiency by impacting various input and output variables, such as length of stay, inpatient admissions, and staffing; fourth, while bed density per nurse was positively associated with hospital efficiency, the opposite was shown for bed density per physician. Conclusions Integrated Care has the potential to promote hospital efficiency by influencing an array of input and output variables. Policies designed to facilitate the implementation of IC in hospitals need to be cognizant of the complex way IC impacts hospital efficiency.

scholarly journals Impact of attending training course variable on technical efficiency of oyster mushroom production in Quang Tri province

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5B) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Tôn Nữ Hải Âu
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Impact

This study based on cross sectional data of 94 oyster mushroom farms in Quang Tri province to measure their technical efficiencies at farm level and identify the impact of attending training course variable on it by using two stage Bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis. The empirical results confirm that attending training course is an important factor impact on technical efficiency of oyster mushroom farm in study area. The farms used to attend a relevant training course were more efficient than farms did not. Moreover, it also shows that gender of the farmer, gender of the farmer, source of irrigation water, duration of oyster mushroom production and number of oyster mushroom crops cultivated on this current farm also had significantly relationship with technical efficiency. Comparing to the best practice farms in this sample, the oyster mushroom farms in study area should use fewer inputs to produce the current level of output to be efficient. Especially, farmers should attend the relevant training course and local authority should organize more training course to improve current level of efficiency of those farms. Moreover, the impacts of gender of the farmer, source of irrigation water, duration of production and number of crops should also be included in the content of those up-coming training courses.

scholarly journals EBA's Capital Exercise and Technical Efficiency of the Banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-402
Author(s):  
Adhiraj Singh Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Country Level ◽  
European Banking ◽  
The Impact

This study uses a sample of 194 banks from 15 EU countries and two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to provide evidence on the impact of the European Banking Authority (EBA)'s capital exercise on banks' efficiency. In the first stage of the analysis, we measure the efficiency by employing DEA. We then use Tobit regression to investigate the impact of the capital exercise on banks' technical efficiency. We estimate several specifications while controlling for bank-specific attributes and country-level characteristics accounting for macroeconomic conditions, financial development and market structure. The results indicate that EBA's capital exercise came, as a shock for the banks would be contributing towards making the banks more stable. It would be preventing banks from excessive risk-taking activities. Furthermore, it would be allowing the banks to withstand the financial distress and contributing in banks be- coming less prone to the systemic risk. The study finds that the capital requirements would be creating favourable economic conditions, which would be, affect the extent, depth and quality of financial intermediation and banking services.

The role of technical efficiency, market competition and risk in the banking performance in G20 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoteng Zhao ◽  
Supat Chupradit ◽  
Marria Hassan ◽  
Sadaf Soudagar ◽  
Alaa Mohamd Shoukry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Element

PurposeRecently, the financial sector has faced significant challenges regarding the market competition, its technical efficiency and risk factors around the globe and gain recent researchers' intentions. Thus, the present study aims to examine the impact of technical efficiency, market competition and risk in banking performance in Group of Twenty (G20) countries.Design/methodology/approachData have been obtained from the World Development Indicator from 2008 to 2019. For analysis purpose, random effect model and generalized method of moments (GMMs) have been executed using Stata.FindingsThe results revealed that market competition and banks' capital efficiency have a positive impact on banking performance, while banks' lending efficiency and non-performing loans have a negative association with the banking sector performance of G20 countries. These outcomes provide the guidelines to the regulators that they should formulate the effective policies related to the lending practices and non-performing loans that could improve the banking sector performance worldwide.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has examined only three economic factors like the technical efficiency rate, market competition and risk element, and their influences on banking institutions' operational and economic performance. But the analysis has proved that except these factors, several factors affect banking institutions' operational and economic performance. Thus, future scholars recommend they analyze all the banking sector areas, pick more factors and enlighten their operational and economic performance influences. Moreover, the author of this article has chosen a particular source for collecting data to meet his study's objective. Only a single piece of software has been applied to analyze data; thus, the data collected for this paper may be incomplete, lack accuracy and reliability. Therefore, the future authors are recommended to use multiple sources to collect data and its analysis to ensure the comprehension, completeness and accuracy.Originality/valueLast but not least, this study with the evidences from the banking sector of G20 countries tries to show on the banking management how the risk element matters in the banking sector in an economy. It makes it clear in which areas the banking institutions may be exposed to the risks, and how much sever different kinds of risks may be. Thus, it motivates the management to set a body of persons within the organization to monitor the risks, to try to avoid them and to overcome the problems created by these risks events.

Impact of financial inclusion on technical efficiency of paddy farmers in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Afrin ◽  
Mohammed Ziaul Haider ◽  
Md. Sariful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Paddy Farmers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of financial inclusion on the enhancement of paddy farmers’ technical efficiency (TE). The impact was evaluated rigorously from different dimensions which could be useful in the policy discussion for enhancing efficiency in utilizing productive resources. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional data of randomly selected 120 paddy farmers from Khulna district in the Southwest region of Bangladesh were collected for this study. Initially, a stochastic production frontier approach was used for estimating farmers’ TE. Thereafter, ordinary least squares and quantile regression models were applied for unveiling the existing relationship between TE and various dimensions of financial inclusion after controlling all other socio-economic characteristics. Findings The study findings revealed that farmers were around 86 percent technically efficient and amongst them, credit takers were more efficient than non-credit takers. A non-monotonic relationship between TE and amount of credit was observed where TE was maximized at amount around 20,000 Bangladeshi Taka (USD255), a medium credit in terms of its amount. In addition, credit literacy was identified as a significant factor for improving TE. Though difference in the choice of sources for accessing credit had little impact on mean TE, its effect was found significantly higher for low scored technically efficient farmers compared to high scored farmers. Practical implications The policy toward widening the coverage of financial inclusion would be more effective than providing larger amount of credit to a limited number of farmers for improving their TE. Originality/value Such an in-depth assessment of the impact of financial inclusion on TE is probably the first effort in the Khulna district of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Agricultural Credit on Production Efficiency of Borrower Farms

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
S. Padma Rani
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Farm Credit ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis ◽  
Frontier Production Function

Credit is one of the most crucial but scarce inputs used in agriculture. Farm credit is an important instrument, which has been used to increase agricultural productivity. The main focus of this research is to examine the role of agricultural credits, production and efficiency of farms in Erode District of Tamil Nadu. Kavunthapadi and Modakurichi block of Erode district was selected. A complete enumeration of farm households which borrowed institutional crop loan in each of the sample villages was made. The survey was conducted among 60 borrowers and 45 non-borrowers farm households. In the present study, the efficiency of farms among borrower and non-borrower sample households was determined by the Stochastic Frontier production function of the Cobb- Douglas type had been used. And Tobit analysis was also done to know the effect of credit on farm efficiency. The efficiency scores obtained from first stage Stochastic Frontier Approach for borrower and non-borrower farms were used as dependent variable and a dummy variable to represent credit (X5i) were used as one of the independent variables in addition to other socio economic independent variables. Results of the model revealed that the number of borrower farms with a technical efficiency of more than 90 per cent were more (57 per cent of the total borrower farms) than that of non- borrower farms (33.3 per cent) which implies that the more percentage of farmers availed credit and adopted technology had higher technical efficiency level (90 per cent). The results also indicated that technical efficiency ranged from 0.41 to 0.99 for non borrowers and from 0.62 to 0.98 for borrowers. The results of Tobit regression analysis indicated that net operational area, farm experience, access to farm credit, had positive and significant relationship with the technical efficiency of the farmer.

scholarly journals Measuring the Efficiency of Public Hospitals in Kuwait: A Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis and a Qualitative Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Alsabah ◽  
Hassan Haghparast-Bidgoli ◽  
Jolene Skordis
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Hospital Efficiency ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Technical Efficiency Score

The recent drop in oil prices has challenged public sector financing in Kuwait. Technical and scale efficiency scores for fifteen public hospitals in Kuwait from 2010 to 2014 were estimated using a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA). Technical efficiency scores were regressed against institutional characteristics using Tobit regression to investigate the determinants of efficiency differences in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with fourteen public and private hospital managers to qualitatively explore their perceptions and experience about about factors affecting hospital efficiency. The mean technical efficiency score for all hospitals was 85.8%, an improvement of 2% since 2010. The mean pure technical efficiency score was 79.6%, improving from 75% in 2010 to 81.2% in 2014. The mean scale efficiency score was 91.8%, improving from 87.6% in 2010 to 94.2% in 2014. Only three hospitals were constantly technically and scale efficient. Tobit regression showed that hospital efficiency was significantly associated with the average length of patient stay. Hospitals with more than 400 beds were potentially more technically and scale efficient. The qualitative study revealed that external factors affecting efficiency commonly included implemention of legislative changes and decreasing bureaucracy, while internal factors included increasing bed capacity and improving qualifications and training of human resources. Most public hospitals in Kuwait were not technically and scale efficient, but improvements were observed. Potential factors that affected the efficiency of hospitals in Kuwait were identified. These findings are useful to decision-makers in Kuwait for developing strategies to improve public hospital efficiency.

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