scholarly journals Prevalence of Chronic Diseases and Activity-Limiting Disability among Roma and Non-Roma People: A Cross-Sectional, Census-Based Investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincze ◽  
Földvári ◽  
Pálinkás ◽  
Sipos ◽  
Janka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Roma Ethnicity ◽  
Roma Health

The lack of recommended design for Roma health-monitoring hinders the interventions to improve the health status of this ethnic minority. We aim to describe the riskiness of Roma ethnicity using census-derived data and to demonstrate the value of census for monitoring the Roma to non-Roma gap. This study investigated the self-declared occurrence of at least one chronic disease and the existence of activity limitations among subjects with chronic disease by the database of the 2011 Hungarian Census. Risks were assessed by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) from logistic regression analyses controlled for sociodemographic factors. Roma ethnicity is a risk factor for chronic diseases (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.16–1.18) and for activity limitation in everyday life activities (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.17–1.23), learning-working (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.21–1.27), family life (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.16–1.28), and transport (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). The population-level impact of Roma ethnicity was 0.39% (95% CI: 0.37–0.41) for chronic diseases and varied between 0 and 1.19% for activity limitations. Our investigations demonstrated that (1) the Roma ethnicity is a distinct risk factor with significant population level impact for chronic disease occurrence accompanied with prognosis worsening influence, and that (2) the census can improve the Roma health-monitoring system, primarily by assessing the population level impact.

scholarly journals Association of body pain and chronic disease: evidence from a 7-year population-based study in China

2021 ◽  
pp. rapm-2021-102700
Author(s):  
Yaxin Luo ◽  
Zheran Liu ◽  
Lianlian Yang ◽  
Juejin Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Body Pain ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cross

BackgroundEvidence is limited on the risk impact of body pain on future chronic disease. The present study aimed to investigate the association between body pain and chronic diseases.MethodsData were analyzed using four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study with 17 708 individual respondents aged 45 years and older. The association between body pain and chronic disease was estimated in both a cross-sectional cohort (2011) and a longitudinal cohort (2011–2018). The key outcomes include the incidence of overall and any specific chronic diseases. The associations among different body pain sites and 10 independent chronic disease risks were also assessed.FindingsA total of 17 128 participants in 2011 were included in the cross-sectional cohort and 5611 participants were included in the 2011–2018 longitudinal cohort. Body pain showed an association with overall chronic disease in both the cross-sectional models (OR 2.71, 95% CI 2.47 to 2.98) and longitudinal model (risk ratio (RR) 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.35). Moreover, body pain was found to be associated with an increased risk of chronic respiratory disease (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.92), heart disease (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.89), kidney disease (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.6), and digestive disease (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.88).ConclusionBody pain is associated with major disease and mortality. Future clinical research should be targeted to whether or not improved pain control can mitigate this population-level disease burden.

scholarly journals Use, awareness and willingness to self-test for HIV: An analysis of cross-sectional population-based surveys in Malawi and Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Case Johnson ◽  
Melissa Neuman ◽  
Peter MacPherson ◽  
Augustine Choko ◽  
Caitlin Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Result Analysis

Abstract Background Many southern African countries are nearing the global goal to diagnose 90% of people with HIV by 2020. In 2016, 84% and 86% of people with HIV knew their status in Malawi and Zimbabwe respectively. Despite this progress, gaps remain, particularly among men (≥25 years). We investigated awareness, use and willingness to HIV self-test (HIVST) prior to large scale implementation and explored sociodemographic associations. Methods We pooled responses from two of the first cross-sectional Demographic Health Surveys to include HIVST questions: Malawi and Zimbabwe in 2015-16. Sociodemographic factors and sexual risk behaviours associated with previously testing for HIV, and awareness, past use and future willingness to self-test were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for the sample design and limiting analysis to participants with completed questionnaire and a valid HIV result. Analysis of willingness to self-test was restricted to Zimbabwean men, as Malawians and women were not asked this question. Results Of 31 385 individuals, the proportion never-tested was higher for men (31.2%) than women (16.5%), p<0.001. For men, having ever tested increased with age. Past use and awareness of HIVST was very low, 1.2% and 12.6% respectively. Awareness was lower among women than men (9.1% vs 15.3%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-1.75), and at younger ages, and lower education and literacy levels. Willingness to self-test among Zimbabwean men was high (84.5%), with having previously tested for HIV, high sexual risk, and being ≥25 years associated with greater willingness. Wealthier men had greater awareness of HIVST than poorer men (p<0.001). Men at higher HIV-related sexual risk, compared to men at lower HIV-related sexual risk, had the greatest willingness to self-test (aOR=3.74; 95%CI: 1.39-10.03, p<0.009).Conclusions In 2015-16 many Malawian and Zimbabwean men had never tested for HIV. Despite low awareness and minimal HIVST experience at that time, willingness to self-test was high among Zimbabwean men, especially in older men with moderate to high HIV-related sexual risk. These data provide a valuable baseline against which to investigate population-level uptake of HIVST as programmes scale-up. Programmes introducing, or planning to introduce HIVST, should consider including questions in population-based surveys.

scholarly journals Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
Siobhan O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Related

We are pleased to bring you the second of two special issues on mood and anxiety disorders focussing on data from the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada—Mood and Anxiety Disorder Component (SLCDC-MA). In December of 2016, we published the first issue, which included three articles describing various aspects of Canadian adults with a self-reported diagnosed mood and/or anxiety disorder including their sociodemographic characteristics, health status, activity limitations and level of disability and factors associated with well-being. The three articles in this (second) issue investigate topics related to the management of these disorders. Collectively, the articles explore key sociodemographic factors known to influence health-related outcomes and discuss strategies aimed at promoting the recovery and well-being of Canadian adults with a self-reported mood and/or anxiety disorder diagnosis.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on effect of non-communicable diseases on prevalent oral health conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasim Farooq Shah ◽  
Irfan Ashraf Baba ◽  
Subha Soumya Dany ◽  
Manu Batra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
General Health ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are defined as diseases of long duration, generally progress slowly and are the major cause of adult mortality and morbidity worldwide. NCDs mainly lead by four diseases which include: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), cancers and chronic respiratory diseases. Poor oral health reflects the general health, and several oral diseases are related to chronic diseases. The aim and objectives was to find casual association between NCDs with oral disease and further aims to provide evidence to health care providers regarding the significance of oral health while treating the patients for NCDs.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted to examine the oral health status of patients with NCD reporting to Dental OPD of Government Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar.  This hospital based study done through a convenience sampling technique, using a questionnaire and oral examination. A self-administered questionnaire was written in English language and was also translated in local language, first part of questionnaire was used to collect the demographic details, second part was designed regarding the medication history, oral habits such as smoking and consumption of betel nuts, medical history and earlier visit to dentist, cleaning of teeth, significance of dental health and its effect on general health and the third part of questionnaire was completely based on dental examination. The data was entered manually on Microsoft excel and then analyzed on statistical package SPSS version 20. Associations between different variables were assessed through application of χ2. The Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20.0.Results: The present study was established with a sample of 300 participants. Male to female ratio was 2:3. Mean age of the participants was 46.6 years. It was observed that out of the total patients who visited the dentist, 42% (n=126) suffered from some chronic disease. 61% (n=183) were oblivious of the importance of dental health. When inquired if oral health affects general health 58.6% (n= 176) acknowledged its importance. 59 participants who lost more than three teeth who had chronic disease, 58.6% (n=176) respondents presented with bleeding gums, 66.3% (n=199) with food deposition, 52% (n=158) had halitosis, 26% (n= 78) had oral ulceration, 22.3% (n=67).Conclusions: It was concluded from this study that majority of participants with chronic diseases had poor oral health which requires immediate attention from the medical practitioners as well as dentists should counsel patients for maintenance and promotion of oral health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of “being healthy, being away from chronic diseases” public service advertisement in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Ting ting Wu ◽  
Cheng bin Wu ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Zhirong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
The Public

Background: Chronic diseases have become a global public health issue, and mass media campaigns are often used to encourage and sustain positive behavior change. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of public service advertising on the awareness of Chongqing citizens. Methods: The theme of the public service advertisement launched in Chongqing was “being healthy, being away from chronic diseases.” A self-designed questionnaire was used in an outdoor intercept survey to collect information about the perception of citizens toward the effect of the advertisement on cognitive situations. Results: A total of 985 valid questionnaires were received. Respondents had good understanding of chronic disease (23.6±4.1, total score: 30), but only 58.4% of participants thought cancer is one type of chronic disease. The awareness of cancer as a chronic disease among the group who had seen this advertisement (63.6%) was higher than that of the group who had not seen the advertisement (56.5%) (p=0.046). After watching the advertisement, approximately 77.4% of participants attempted to remind their family and friends to prevent chronic diseases, roughly 78.2% tried to persuade their family and friends to change their unhealthy lifestyle habits, and 73.2% of participants reported that it increased the possibility of their own lifestyle change. Logistic regression analysis indicates that occupation, educational level, watching the advertising through TV, watching the advertising through indoor LED screen, and watching the advertising through mobile TV affected the three post-viewing behavior changes Conclusion : The public service advertisement achieved a certain knowledge propaganda effect. It may help change awareness and improve health behavior of the public. Key words: Public service advertisement , Chronic diseases, Health; Awareness, Behavior

scholarly journals Prevalence of intermittent claudication in rural and urban Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2620
Author(s):  
Manjunath Krishna ◽  
Anu M. Oommen ◽  
Jackwin Sam Paul G. ◽  
Vinod J. Abraham ◽  
Kuryan George
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Background Population

Background: Population based estimates from India on the prevalence of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) are scarce. This study aimed to assess the population-based prevalence of PAD in rural and urban Vellore, Tamil Nadu, South India.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted using the WHO STEPS methodology and the WHO/Rose questionnaire for intermittent claudication for identifying symptomatic PAD among adults aged 30-64 years. The study was done in nine villages of one rural block and in 48 urban wards of Vellore, between 2011-12. Risk factors for PAD such as sociodemographic factors, tobacco use, anthropometry, known medical conditions, Fasting Plasma Glucose and lipid profile were also assessed and association with PAD estimated using odds ratios, chi-square tests and logistic regression.Results: Among 5429 adults aged 30-64 years, the prevalence of PAD (intermittent claudication) was 4.9/1000 (95% Confidence Interval CI: 3.0/1000 - 6.8/1000). The prevalence in urban Vellore was higher than in the rural area (6.9/1000 vs. 3.8/1000).  After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and other confounding factors, current tobacco use was found to be significantly associated with the presence of PAD (adjusted Odds Ratio: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.10-7.54).Conclusions: This study provides estimates of the burden of PAD in rural and urban adults in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. The trend of this condition needs to be monitored in various locations to assess the public health significance and the need for population level measures for diagnosis, treatment and screening. Education regarding harmful effects of tobacco use should also involve education regarding risk of PAD.

scholarly journals Digital Recruitment and Acceptance of a Stepwise Model to Prevent Chronic Disease in the Danish Primary Care Sector: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bruun Larsen ◽  
Jens Sondergaard ◽  
Janus Laust Thomsen ◽  
Anders Halling ◽  
Anders Larrabee Sønderlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interaction Detection ◽  
Health Checks

BACKGROUND During recent years, stepwise approaches to health checks have been advanced as an alternative to general health checks. In 2013, we set up the Early Detection and Prevention project (Tidlig Opsporing og Forebyggelse, TOF) to develop a stepwise approach aimed at patients at high or moderate risk of a chronic disease. A novel feature was the use of a personal digital mailbox for recruiting participants. A personal digital mailbox is a secure digital mailbox provided by the Danish public authorities. Apart from being both safe and secure, it is a low-cost, quick, and easy way to reach Danish residents. OBJECTIVE In this study we analyze the association between the rates of acceptance of 2 digital invitations sent to a personal digital mailbox and the sociodemographic determinants, medical treatment, and health care usage in a stepwise primary care model for the prevention of chronic diseases. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the rates of acceptance of 2 digital invitations sent to randomly selected residents born between 1957 and 1986 and residing in 2 Danish municipalities. The outcome was acceptance of the 2 digital invitations. Statistical associations were determined by Poisson regression. Data-driven chi-square automatic interaction detection method was used to generate a decision tree analysis, predicting acceptance of the digital invitations. RESULTS A total of 8814 patients received an invitation in their digital mailbox from 47 general practitioners. A total of 40.22% (3545/8814) accepted the first digital invitation, and 30.19 % (2661/8814) accepted both digital invitations. The rates of acceptance of both digital invitations were higher among women, older patients, patients of higher socioeconomic status, and patients not diagnosed with or being treated for diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the rates of acceptance of digital invitations to participate in a stepwise model for prevention of chronic diseases. More studies of digital invitations are needed to determine if the acceptance rates seen in this study should be expected from future studies as well. Similarly, more research is needed to determine whether a multimodal recruitment approach, including digital invitations to personal digital mailboxes will reach hard-to-reach subpopulations more effectively than digital invitations only.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Factors Influencing the Use of eHealth in People with Chronic Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Reiners ◽  
Janienke Sturm ◽  
Lisette J.W. Bouw ◽  
Eveline J.M. Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Computing Machinery ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lower Education

Alongside the growing number of older persons, the prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing, leading to higher pressure on health care services. eHealth is considered a solution for better and more efficient health care. However, not every patient is able to use eHealth, for several reasons. This study aims to provide an overview of: (1) sociodemographic factors that influence the use of eHealth; and (2) suggest directions for interventions that will improve the use of eHealth in patients with chronic disease. A structured literature review of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Association for Computing Machinery Digital Library (ACMDL), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) was conducted using four sets of keywords: “chronic disease”, “eHealth”, “factors”, and “suggested interventions”. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies were included. Four researchers each assessed quality and extracted data. Twenty-two out of 1639 articles were included. Higher age and lower income, lower education, living alone, and living in rural areas were found to be associated with lower eHealth use. Ethnicity revealed mixed outcomes. Suggested solutions were personalized support, social support, use of different types of Internet devices to deliver eHealth, and involvement of patients in the development of eHealth interventions. It is concluded that eHealth is least used by persons who need it most. Tailored delivery of eHealth is recommended.

scholarly journals Comorbidity associated with Severe Mental illness (The APNA study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Aguinaga-Ontoso ◽  
A Brugos-Larumbe ◽  
S Guillén-Aguinaga
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract People with severe mental illness (SMI) that includes bipolar disorder or schizophrenia die on average 10-20 years sooner than the general population. Poor mental health can negatively affect quality of life and life expectancy more so than having multiple physical illnesses. The division between health services treating mental and physical health often means that patients suffering from both physical and mental conditions are at particular risk of poor care. Although more than 50 million people in the EU suffer multiple from more than one chronic disease, it is not well know the comorbidity associated with severe mental illness. Methods The study is a cross-sectional study within the APNA Study (Navarre primary health care prospective cohort) that included 470942 people over 18 years old in Navarre (Spain). Age, sex, chronic diseases diagnosis and SMI) that includes (bipolar disorder or schizophrenia were extracted. Lineal regression models for the number of chronic disease were computed. Logistic regression adjusted by sex and age, was computed for each chronic disease. Results Adjusting by age and sex, people with SMI have 1.47 (95% CI 1.44-1.50) more chronic diseases than people without SMI. Adjusting by age and sex, persons with SMI have a higher prevalence of comorbidity: OR = 13.29 (95% CI = 12.27-14.36). Patients with SMI have a higher prevalence of asthma OR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.21-1.64), COPD OR = 2.30 (95% CI 2.51-3.35), Type 2 DM OR = 1.50 (95% CI 1.31-1.70) hyperthyroidism OR = 1.63 (95% CI 1.26-2.10), Chronic kidney disease OR = 1.,43 (95% IC 1.10-1.88), Obesity OR = 1.68 (95% CI 1.47-1,92) and Hypothyroidism OR 1.63 (95% IC 1.43-1,85). Conclusions Patients with severe mental illness have a higher prevalence of comorbidity than the general population with an OR of 13.29. Health service should screen patient with severe mental illness for chronic diseases due to their high prevalence and mortality. Key messages Patients with severe mental illness die on average 10-20 years sooner than the general population this could be to a higher prevalence of comorbidity. Health services should screen patients with severe mental illness for chronic diseases due to their higher prevalence.

P01-300-Assessment of level anxiety and depression for parents of children with chronic disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 302-302
Author(s):  
H. Jafary Manesh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

IntroductionAnxiety and depression are psychological disorders, which are according to the World Health Organization in terms of disease on top of other diseases in recent decades. Parents have children with chronic disease, which are faced with psychological pressure. In these Conditions, they are susceptible to Anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression of Parental is associated with decreased sense of responsibility toward care, education and nutrition for their children. Children of depressed parents than healthy parents have more hospitalization time and higher mortality. addition, parents are considered as the most important people in the support system of sick children and their mental disorder affect on their children's mental and emotional health. Therefore assessment of parents’ the two disorders are essential.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine of parent's anxiety and depression of children with chronic disease in Tehran Mofid pediatric hospital in 1389.MethodThis is cross-sectional descriptive study. 440 parents of hospitalized children with chronic diseases were selected with random sampling. Study's tool was anxiety and depression hospital scale. Tools validated with content and convergent validity method and test-retest method was used to its reliability.FindingsAssessment of anxiety level showed 49/1% of samples were moderate to severe and 24/5% with mild anxiety. Level analyses of depression showed that 31/8% of samples were with moderate to severe depression and 27/3 with mild depression.ConclusionOverall result showed that more than half of parents of children with chronic diseases suffer from moderate to severe anxiety and depression.

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