scholarly journals The State of Microbiological Cleanliness of Surfaces and Equipment of an Endoscopic Examination Laboratory—Data from a Reference Tertiary Clinical Endoscopy Center in Southern Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6346
Author(s):  
Jolanta Gruszecka ◽  
Rafał Filip ◽  
Dorota Gutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Junii ◽  
Positive Results

The increasing number of endoscopic procedures performed and their increasing invasiveness mean that endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with the risk of transmitting pathogenic microorganisms through infected equipment or contact with other patients and medical staff. In order to ensure protection of the health of both patients and medical staff, endoscopy laboratories should meet high hygiene standards. The results of tests of the microbiological cleanliness of surfaces and equipment of an endoscopic examination laboratory performed in the period from January to December 2019 at the Provincial Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow were assessed retrospectively. Samples for testing were collected by swabbing from places where microbiological contamination was the most likely and cleaning was the most difficult. In the analyzed period, a total of 86 samples were collected for microbiological tests, of which positive results accounted for 6.9%. Positive results were obtained mainly from swabs collected from wet surfaces (66.7%). Most of the isolated microorganisms were Gram-negative bacteria (66.7% of all positive tests) and they were: Acinetobacter junii, Ralstonia pickettii, and Achromobacter denitrificans. The condition of the microbiological cleanliness of the surfaces and equipment of the endoscopic examination laboratory was satisfactory. A very low level of microbiological contamination of the tested items indicates occasional shortcomings in the decontamination processes. Since microorganisms isolated from the collected samples may be the cause of infection in patients and medical personnel, it is necessary to verify the decontamination procedures applied and to continue periodic microbiological monitoring of their effectiveness.

Evaluating Thrombocytopenia and Other Biomarkers in Multi-Organ Failure during Sickle Cell Crisis

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 4858-4858
Author(s):  
Krithika Shanmugasundaram ◽  
Ixavier Higgins ◽  
Fuad A El Rassi ◽  
Morgan L. McLemore
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Multi Organ Failure ◽  
Sickle Cell Crisis

Background: In sickle cell anemia, very few markers of disease have been shown to correlate with activity and severity of crisis. We aimed to identify any patterns amongst biomarkers and co-morbidities that correlate with death from multi-organ failure when admitted for sickle cell crisis. Methods: We identified 20 patients with sickle cell anemia who died of multi-organ failure at Grady Memorial Hospital from 2010-2016. We described baseline characteristics, such as hemoglobin phenotype, age, gender as well as features at presentation such as vital signs, laboratory data, clinical signs and symptoms (I.e. worsening pain), and co-morbidities. We examined bivariate associations between clinical characteristics and the length of survival after multi-organ failure. In a secondary analysis, we investigated clinical and demographic features that most accurately predict infection with gram-negative bacteria. To achieve this, we fit a multivariate logistic regression model and perform leave-one-out cross validation to assess the predictive performance of the fitted model on unseen data. Results: At baseline, the average age of a patient is 43.8 years (sd=14.7 years). A majority of our cohort are women (60%), do not smoke (70%), and were not on hydroxyurea (80%). Time to death from multi-organ failure was 3.05 days (95% C.I.: 0.20, 5.90), and only 43% identified having "worsening pain." Among complications, 23% had a stroke and 25% had an infection with gram-negative bacteria. With regards to laboratory data, average WBC was 13.4 (95% C.I.: 11.04, 15.70), Platelets 155 (95% C.I.: 102.22, 208.38), d-dimer 12,892 (95% C.I.: -2498.47, 33437.87) and ferritin 3108 (95% C.I.: 795.07, 5421.63). When using a univariate analysis, we identified that stroke (p=0.008), age (p=0.022) and platelet count at the time of presentation (p=0.039) correlated with time to death. We also identified a statistically significant decrease in the platelet count from baseline to time of multi-organ failure (-105.6, p<0.001). Body mass index (BMI) and worsening pain jointly predict infection with gram-negative bacteria with small error (0.133). Conclusion: We have described a cohort of patients with sickle cell anemia who died of multi-organ failure and found that some factors may have correlated with time to death. The most poignant factors include age, platelet count, and drop in platelet count from baseline. It is also interesting that a proportion of these patients developed a gram-negative bacterial infection, which is a common cause of mortality in sepsis. Although our cohort is small, these data may help guide future studies with larger cohorts of patients to identify what puts these patients at risk of death from multi-organ failure. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Microbial skin flora of selected cancer patients and hospital personnel

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
M E McBride ◽  
W C Duncan ◽  
G P Bodey ◽  
C M McBride
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Personnel ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Skin Flora

The bacterial flora of the skin from five anatomical sites on 10 leukemia patients, 10 patients with malignant melanoma, and a control group of 10 medical personnel was examined quantitatively and qualitatively. This was done to determine whether malignant disease results in changes in skin flora and to establish carrier rates of gram-negative bacteria on the skin of personnel in hospital environments. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated more frequently (74 isolates from 100 cultures) from the skin of leukemia patients than from either patients with malignant melanoma (8 isolates from 100 cultures) or the medical personnel (9 isolates from 100 cultures). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated exclusively from leukemia patients. Relative proportions of gram-negative bacteria in total populations were determined. The axilla was the only site with a uniformly high proportion of gram-negative bacteria. From all other sites cultured, gram-negative populations were low (1 to 5 bacteria/cm2 of skin), although a high proportion of gram-negative populations occurred randomly throughout all subject groups. It was concluded that leukemia patients tend to carry gram-negative bacteria on the skin. The factors permitting colonization of skin by gram-negative bacteria are discussed.

INCREASING PERMEABILITY OF OUTER MEMBRANE OF E.COLI UNDER ULTRA-LOW FREQUENCY ALTERNATING MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
A. Nikitin ◽  
N. Dagaev ◽  
S. Gribanovsky ◽  
A. Ghigachev ◽  
D. Golovin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Lytic Enzyme ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacteriolytic Enzymes ◽  
Global Health Problem

Currently, the bacterial etiology infectious diseases still remain a global health problem. Most of them are caused by gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms. The traditional method of infectious diseases treatment is based on the use of antibiotics. However, the rapid development of the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to existing antibiotics forces to seek alternatives to traditional therapy. One of such alternatives is the therapy with bacteriophage endolysins - bacteriolytic enzymes capable of destroying the bacterial cell wall by hydrolyzing the peptidoglycan. Endolysins are highly specific for certain pathogens. The main limitation of their use towards gram- negative bacteria is the presence of an outer membrane in the latter preventing the penetration of lytic enzyme to its substrate. The effectiveness of endolysin penetration can be increased by destabilizing the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria

Use of Cellular Telephones and Transmission of Pathogens by Medical Staff in New York and Israel

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gil Goldblatt ◽  
Iris Krief ◽  
Tal Klonsky ◽  
Daniel Haller ◽  
Victor Milloul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Patient Contact ◽  
Hospital Personnel ◽  
Cellular Telephones

Hands and instruments used by healthcare workers may serve as vectors for the nosocomial transmission of microorganisms. The use of cellular telephones by medical personnel and the associated nosocomial transmission of pathogens have not been thoroughly examined. Findings from our study show that cellular telephones are commonly used by hospital personnel, even during patient contact. One-fifth of the cellular telephones examined in this study were found to harbor pathogenic microorganisms, showing that these devices may serve as vectors for transmission to patients.

scholarly journals Targeted Molecular Detection of Nosocomial Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria—On Near- and Distant-Patient Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Claudia Stein ◽  
Isabel Lange ◽  
Jürgen Rödel ◽  
Mathias W. Pletz ◽  
Frank Kipp
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Integrative Method ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Positive Results

Background: Here, we describe an integrative method to detect carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (gn-Cp) on surfaces/fomites in the patient environment. We examined environmental samples from 28 patient rooms occupied with patients who were proven to be colonised with gn-Cp by rectal screening. Methods: We took samples after 24 h, 72 h and one week. For sampling, we divided the patient environment into four parts and took samples from near- and extended patient areas. To obtain a representative bacterial swab from a larger surface, such as the patient cabinet, we used Polywipes. Bacterial DNA was isolated. Carbapenemase was detected with specific qPCR primers. Results: With this culture- and molecular-based approach, we could control the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection in everyday clinical practice. Therefore, we could track the spread of gn-Cp within the patient room. The number of positive detections fluctuated between 30.5% (mean value positive results after 72 h) and 35.2% (after 24 h and one week). Conclusion: The method used to detect multidrug-resistant bacteria in the environment of patients by using PolywipesTM is reliable and can therefore be used as an effective, new tool in hygiene and infection control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Expanded Microarray for Detecting Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Broad Range of Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick Card ◽  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
Priya Das ◽  
Charlotte Cook ◽  
Neil Woodford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
British Society ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTA microarray capable of detecting genes for resistance to 75 clinically relevant antibiotics encompassing 19 different antimicrobial classes was tested on 132 Gram-negative bacteria. Microarray-positive results correlated >91% with antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, assessed using British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy clinical breakpoints; the overall test specificity was >83%. Microarray-positive results without a corresponding resistance phenotype matched 94% with PCR results, indicating accurate detection of genes present in the respective bacteria by microarray when expression was low or absent and, hence, undetectable by susceptibility testing. The low sensitivity and negative predictive values of the microarray results for identifying resistance to some antimicrobial resistance classes are likely due to the limited number of resistance genes present on the current microarray for those antimicrobial agents or to mutation-based resistance mechanisms. With regular updates, this microarray can be used for clinical diagnostics to help accurate therapeutic options to be taken following infection with multiple-antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and prevent treatment failure.

scholarly journals Purification of IHF-like protein from gram-negative bacteria in one chromatographic step.

1996 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Krawczyk ◽  
J Kur
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Integration Host Factor ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Junii ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alpha Beta

We describe a fast and very efficient method of purification which yields highly purified integration host factor-like proteins in one chromatographic step. IHF-like proteins from Acinetobacter junii or Proteus vulgaris are each an alpha beta heterodimer (subunits of 10 and 11 kDa) similar to the IHF of Escherichia coli when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified IHF are able to bind to the same ihf sites as IHF of E. coli. The results presented confirm that IHF is conserved during evolution in gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF PYOINFLAMMATORY ABDOMINAL DISEASES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Аюшинова ◽  
Natalya Ayushinova ◽  
Владимирова ◽  
Lyudmila Vladimirova ◽  
Ветохина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Diagnostics ◽  
Wall Specimen ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Positive Results

The aim of the work was to establish the significance of complex bacteriological research in the diagnostics of acute appendicitis and to determine an optimal material for the research based on the findings. We examined 19patients with acute phlegmonous or acute gangrenous appendicitis (males, aged 18–60years). We performed bacteriological research of abdominal exudate (n=19) and biopsy specimen (n=19) of appendix wall taken before opening the lumen of the intestine. Both abdominal exudate and appendix wall specimen were taken at the same time. Aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms were detected and identified, antimicrobial susceptibility was tested. In total, we detected 25 strains of aerobic and 13 strains of anaerobic microorganisms. It has been established that a bioptate was most informative for testing (68.4 %); the parallel study of an abdominal exudate gave positive results in 21.1 % of cases. In the structure of clinically significant microflora dominated E.coli (43.3%), then went nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria (13.3%) and Bacteroidesspp. (16.7%). We marked growing resistance of detected strains of gram-negative bacteria to some antibiotics. For instance, 62 % of detected E.c oli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 25 % – to ciprofloxacin. 92 % of strains were resistant to cefepime, 93 % – to ceftriaxone, 77 % – to Amoxiclav, 67 % – to gentamicin, 90 % – to tobramycin. From one bioptate a strain of E. coli ESBL was separated. The study of intraoperative bioptate of appendix wall increases effectiveness of microbiological diagnostics in com-parison with the abdominal exudate research.

Bacteriology of Blood, Wound, and Sputum Cultures from Non-US Casualties Treated in a Combat Support Hospital in Iraq

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 981-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Moran ◽  
Clinton K. Murray ◽  
Edwin L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Positive Results

A review of culture results from non-US casualties in Iraq revealed gram-negative bacteria were the most commonly isolated pathogens. Cultures of respiratory fluid yielded positive results earlier than cultures of wound or blood samples and potentially serve as an earlier marker of future infections. Continued aggressive infection control for non-US casualties is needed.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Selected Microorganisms Present at Various Sites in a Prosthetics Clinic and Dental Laboratory during Complete Denture Fabrication

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3345
Author(s):  
Krystle L. Moodley ◽  
C. Peter Owen ◽  
Mrudula Patel
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Before And After

Background: Contamination with oral commensals and pathogenic microorganisms, and cross contamination between clinic and laboratory can occur. The amount of contamination has not been determined. Methods: Samples from different clinical and laboratory stages before and after disinfection (17 sites, 10 samples per stage) were collected. Laboratory surfaces and equipment were swabbed for 10 days (11 sites). Swabs were cultured for total mixed flora, Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Staphylococcus aureus, aerobic Gram-negative bacteria (AGNB) and Candida. Knowledge of infection control among staff and students was assessed. Results: Clinic: In total, 30–40% of the samples overall were contaminated with mixed flora and Streptococci of >100 cfu/swab; >100 cfu of AGNB and Candida were present on 6% and 1% of samples; 2% contained <100 cfu of S. aureus. Laboratory: In total, 17–48% of the samples overall were contaminated with mixed flora and Streptococci of >100 cfu/swab; >100 cfu of AGNB were present on 11% of samples; none contained >100 cfu of Candida. Disinfection significantly reduced the level of all organisms. Knowledge of infection control was sufficient, but compliance was poor. Conclusion: Although the count of mixed flora was high, potential pathogens such as S. aureus and Candida were low. In immunocompromised patients, this can become a problem.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document