scholarly journals Self-Rated Health and Psychological Distress among Emerging Adults in Italy: A Comparison between Data on University Students, Young Workers and Working Students Collected through the 2005 and 2013 National Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6403
Author(s):  
Isabella Giulia Franzoi ◽  
Fabrizio D’Ovidio ◽  
Giuseppe Costa ◽  
Angelo d’Errico ◽  
Antonella Granieri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Poor General Health ◽  
Working Students ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Health Surveys

Background. The present study aimed at comparing self-reported physical health and mental health among university students, workers, and working students aged between 19 years and 29 years. Method. Using data from National Health Surveys held in 2005 and 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 18,612 Italian emerging adults grouped into three groups: university students, workers, and working students. The odds ratios of self-reported anxiety or depression, poor general health, and poor mental health and physical health (as assessed through SF-12) were estimated through logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Results. Compared with workers, students showed an increased risk of anxiety or depression and a lower risk of poor general health. Students and working students showed an increased risk of reporting weak mental health compared with that in workers, while students displayed a lower risk of poor physical health. Significant differences were not found between the 2005 and 2013 surveys. Conclusions. These results are of considerable importance for psychologists as well as educational and occupation-based institutions for planning prevention programs and clinical interventions.

scholarly journals Changes in mental health during three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: a repeated cross-sectional study among polish university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra M. Rogowska ◽  
Dominika Ochnik ◽  
Cezary Kuśnierz ◽  
Karolina Chilicka ◽  
Monika Jakubiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Research indicates that mental health worsened during the Coronavirus crisis, in particular among women and university students. However, few longitudinal studies have so far investigated the changes in mental health outcomes across three subsequent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to examine changes in mental health among university students. Methods A total of 1,961university students from Poland, at mean age 23.23 years (SD = 3.16, 57.47% of women) were included in this repeated cross-sectional study across three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: W1 (n = 657), W2 (n = 654), and W3 (n = 650). They completed the online survey with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), General Self-Rated Health (GSRH), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), as well as sociodemographic variables. Results The prevalence of people at high risk of anxiety and perceived stress, poorer physical health, and low life satisfaction changed significantly across three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the two-way ANOVA showed that both the wave (W1<W2<W3) and gender (men<women) had a significant impact on the level of anxiety. Statistically significant changes in perceived stress were found between pandemic waves (W1>W2, W1>W3), and genders (men<women). Self-reported physical health significantly deteriorated in W3 compared to W1 and W2 (W1>W3, W2>W3), and was significantly worse in women than in men. The level of life satisfaction also decreased significantly in W3 (W1>W3, W2>W3), but did not differ between men and women. High GAD risk was presented two times more frequently among women and people who subjectively assessed their health as poor, three times more likely in participants dissatisfied with their lives, and seven times more probably in persons with high-stress levels. Conclusions The results of this study consistently indicate (using parametric and non-parametric statistical analysis) that there are significant differences in mental health problems across three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. It suggests that pandemic waves should be considered in future review studies and meta-analyses. Furthermore, these findings indicate a potential role for prevention and intervention programs aimed at alleviating life satisfaction and subjective assessment of health and improving coping skills to reduce stress and anxiety.

scholarly journals A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students' stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Debowska ◽  
Beata Horeczy ◽  
Daniel Boduszek ◽  
Dariusz Dolinski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Medical Psychology ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The time of widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases can lead to elevated stress and mental health problems among all persons affected, and in particular those sub-groups of the population that are at an increased risk of mental health problems. One such vulnerable group constitutes university students. The aim of this study is to assess stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality among different groups of university students (medical, psychology, and other). Methods Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we collected survey data among a large sample of 7228 university students from Poland (mean age = 22.78, s.d. = 4.40; 81% female). Data were collected in five waves, during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe (March and April 2020). Results The results demonstrate a significant increase in depression levels as the pandemic was progressing. We also found that female students scored significantly higher than male students on depression, anxiety, and stress. Psychology students recorded the lowest scores on depression and anxiety. Young adult students (aged 18–24 years) had more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality than adult students (⩾25 years). Conclusions These results provide insights into stress and mental health among university students during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings can be used for a more effective identification of students who may struggle during next stages of the pandemic and future crises.

Social Dimensions of Mental Illness among Rural Elderly Populations

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Hendricks ◽  
Howard B. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elderly Populations

Despite growing concern with rural elderly populations, little attention has focused on their mental health, ways it may correlate with physical health, or how rural mental health patterns compare to urban. Popular wisdom contends that elderly people in general, and rural elderly persons in particular, are at increased risk for mental illness. This article examines these questions. A review of available literature suggests that elderly people may be at only slightly greater risk of mental illness than the population at large, though there are some indications that rates of depression may be somewhat higher among the elderly population. Much of this same literature implies that objective environmental conditions play a significant role in the incidence of depression. Analysis of data gathered in a statewide random poll ( N = 743) indicates that while physical health tends to be poorer among rural populations, when health is held constant there is actually an inverse relationship between age and depression. Therefore, rural elderly persons are no more likely to be depressed than their urban counterparts despite harsher living conditions. Both conceptual and policy implications are discussed.

Mental Health Risk Among Members of the Millennial Population Cohort: A Concern for Public Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712094508
Author(s):  
Julie E. Lucero ◽  
Amber D. Emerson ◽  
Teysha Bowser ◽  
Brandon Koch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Interview Survey

Purpose: Within the millennial population cohort, identify groups reporting increased risk of nonspecific psychological distress. As the largest living population cohort, taking stock of health and well-being early is necessary as substantial national resources may be needed as this cohort ages. Design: The 2017 National Health Interview Survey data, an annual multipurpose survey of the US population, was used. Sample: A sample of 7303 respondents were created by limiting data set to birth years 1980 to 1998. Measures: Outcomes were feeling like everything is an effort, worthlessness, hopelessness, restlessness, nervousness, and sadness. Combined these statements of feeling make up a measure of nonspecific psychological distress, past 30 days. Analysis: A logistic regression was performed on each outcome. All models controlled for demographic variables known to be associated with psychological distress. Results: Females are 1.4 times more likely than males to report nonspecific psychological distress ( P < .001), whereas Hispanics and Blacks are less likely to report nonspecific psychological distress (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49, OR = 0.57, P < .001). American Indians were less likely to report worthlessness (OR = 0.30, P < .05). However, multiple race individuals increasingly reported hopelessness (OR = 1.55, P < .05). Young adults are less likely than emerging adults to report sadness (OR = 0.85, P < .05). Conclusion: In this sample, racial/ethnic groups fared better than referent groups. Health programs need to integrate intersectional identities into promotion of mental health.

The helps toolkit - a tool to promote the physical health of residents in psychiatric facilities across Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 587-587
Author(s):  
P. Weiser ◽  
T. Becker ◽  
R. Kilian
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Medical Care System ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Care Facilities

IntroductionPeople with a mental disorder are at increased risk for physical illness and therefore their risk of premature death is raised. An unhealthy lifestyle, living conditions, medication side-effects and a lack of physical health monitoring are regarded as the main causes of high somatic morbidity. But up to now only little research has addressed the physical co-morbidity in mentally ill. At present, there are no specific policies to improve the health status of residents in mental health care facilities.Objectives / methodsAgainst this background a multi-disciplinary network of experts from 15 European countries was set up. Working together with researchers, stakeholders, professionals, networks, practitioners, and relevant organizations, the HELPS network developed a “physical health promotion toolkit” for routine application in a wide range of mental health care facilities across Europe. The HELPS toolkit intends to empower patients and staff to identify the most relevant risk factors in their specific context and subsequently select the most appropriate action out of a range of defined health promoting interventions. In doing so, the toolkit takes into account the heterogeneity of mental disorders, the high number of somatic problems, aspects of lifestyle, environment, medical care system, personal goals of patients and their motivation for health behavior.Results / conclusionsThe poster presents the HELPS toolkit. It illustrates the individual components of the tool and the processes of its implementation and evaluation. First results of the pilot study concerning the feasibility of the toolkit will be presented and discussed.

Physical health in schizophrenia: a challenge for antipsychotic therapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (S2) ◽  
pp. S6-S11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Heald
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Monitoring ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Health Problems

AbstractIn the management of schizophrenia, mental health outcomes are the principal focus of treatment. The objective is to control the psychotic symptoms while minimising negative features of the illness, to achieve an overall improvement in the societal functioning of patients. Physical health is also important because if it is compromised, many of the benefits of improved mental health will be offset. Compared with the general population, schizophrenia patients are at increased risk of weight gain, abdominal obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. These physical health problems can contribute to the decreased quality of life, lowered self-esteem and reduced life expectancy commonly reported in schizophrenia. For these reasons there is a pressing need to improve both the monitoring and the management of physical health in patients with schizophrenia as a part of their overall care. A consensus for metabolic monitoring of patients receiving treatment with antipsychotic drugs is available. However, the practicing clinician requires guidance about management of physical health in routine clinical practice. This should include recommendations for measurements that have strong predictive value about physical health risks yet are easy to make, and about the use of medications that have the least effect on physical health parameters. This article will review the gravity of the physical health risks facing schizophrenia patients.

scholarly journals Digital Devices on Learning Management System and its Consequences on Physical and Mental Health among University Students in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Dirgha Raj Joshi ◽  
Umesh Neupane ◽  
Krishna Prasad Sharma ◽  
Basnet Raj Joshi ◽  
Pushpa Raj Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Management System ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Digital Resources ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Background and Objectives: Digital tools and devices are being integrated in almost areas of human activities demanding the implementation of digital literacy in modern education, health, business, and other related activities. This study was one of few to investigate the competence of learning management system by use of digital resources, and their impact on physical and mental health in Nepalese university students. Material and methods: The cross-sectional online survey was conducted among the 300 MPhil scholars during the period of Jan. 2019 to Jul. 2019 through Google Form. The nature of information was in the form of qualitative and quantitative both because the tool contained open and closed questionnaire. Frequency, percentage, word cloud, bar chart, pi-chart and chi-square test were calculated at 95% confidence level. Results: Around two-third (61.7%) of the participants have had habits to use digital resources by sitting on chairs/tools. More than half (53.33%) reported that use of digital device has negative effect on physical health whereas only 12% reported towards positive effect and 8.33% were not care on the effect of using digital devices on physical health. In case of mental health, around half (46.0%) have positive effect on mental health even around one-fourth (24%) have found to be negative effect however 3.3% did not care about the effect of using digital devices. The technology users with the distance greater than 3 ft. have less problems as compared to others. An insignificant association is observed in the effect on physical and mental health with respect to gender, age, years of using mobile and laptop except as the case of distance of digital devices with effect on mental health. Conclusion: The use of digital resources has negative effect on physical health and positive effect on mental health. Use of such resources with the distance greater than 3 ft. is better for health however the limited use of digital tools, use as per need only, use by making schedule, mediation, to take suggestion by the doctors, use without monotonous, appropriate breaks and comfortable body posture are major are the major techniques for the safe use of digital resources.

scholarly journals Online computer or therapist-guided cognitive behavioral therapy in university students with anxiety and/or depression: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e049554
Author(s):  
Anke Klein ◽  
N E Wolters ◽  
E J M Bol ◽  
J Koelen ◽  
L de Koning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Academic Medical Centre ◽  
Usual Condition ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionEmerging adulthood is a phase in life that is associated with an increased risk to develop a variety of mental health disorders including anxiety and depression. However, less than 25% of university students receive professional help for their mental health reports. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) may entail useful interventions in a format that is attractive for university students. The aim of this study protocol is to test the effectiveness of a therapist-guided versus a computer-guided transdiagnostic iCBT programme with a main focus on anxiety and depression.Methods and analysisUniversity students with anxiety and/or depressive symptoms will be randomised to a (1) 7-week iCBT programme (excluding booster session) with therapist feedback, (2) the identical iCBT programme with computer feedback only or (3) care as usual. Participants in the care as usual condition are informed and referred to conventional care services and encouraged to seek the help they need. Primary outcome variables are self-reported levels of anxiety as measured with the General Anxiety Disorder-7 and self-reported levels of depression as measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Secondary outcomes include treatment adherence, client satisfaction, medical service use, substance use, quality of life and academic achievement. Assessments will take place at baseline (t1), midtreatment (t2), post-treatment (t3), at 6 months (t4) and 12 months (t5) postbaseline. Social anxiety and perfectionism are included as potentially important predictors of treatment outcome. Power calculations are based on a 3 (group) × 3 (measurement: pretreatment, midtreatment and post-treatment) interaction, resulting in an aimed sample of 276 participants. Data will be analysed based on intention-to-treat and per protocol samples using mixed linear models.Ethics and disseminationThe current study was approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee (METC) of the Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (number: NL64929.018.18). Results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL7328.

Systematic Review of Displacement and Health Impact From Natural Disasters in Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subin Jang ◽  
Yuko Ekyalongo ◽  
Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
2004 Tsunami

ABSTRACT Disaster-induced displacement is associated with an increased risk of physical and mental health disorders. We aim to understand (1) the magnitude and pattern of natural disasters, affected-population, and deaths by analyzing the surveillance data by the Emergency Events Database and (2) health outcomes by a systematic review of previous studies (1975–2017), which reported physical or mental health outcomes and epidemiological measure of association among population displaced by natural disasters in Southeast Asia. A total of 674 disasters, mainly floods, storms, and earthquakes, occurred between 2004 and 2017. From the systematic review, among 6 studies met inclusion criteria, which focused on mental health (n = 5) and physical health (n = 1). All studies describing mental health resulted from the 2004 tsunami in Ache, Indonesia. We found over 7 times more publications for the disasters in Far East Asia. Selected studies revealed significantly worse mental health outcomes and poor physical health among displaced population compared with nondisplaced population. Despite the alarmingly large population displaced by natural disasters in Southeast Asia, very few studies investigate physical and mental health outcomes of such crisis. Following the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, researcher and policy-makers have to present more resources toward preventing and mitigating health outcomes.

scholarly journals A Person-Oriented Approach to Multidimensional Perfectionism: Perfectionism Profiles in Health and Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Danielle S. Molnar ◽  
Fuschia M. Sirois ◽  
Gordon L. Flett ◽  
Stanley Sadava
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Oriented Approach

Advances in understanding of the perfectionism construct have been limited by an almost exclusive reliance on a variable-centered approach. This study utilized a person-oriented approach to examine Hewitt and Flett’s conceptualization of multidimensional perfectionism in relation to health and well-being. Levels of conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism were also assessed. Cluster analyses were employed to examine within-person configurations of self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) in university students ( n = 538) and adults with chronic illness ( n = 773). Five unique configurations were found in both samples and three clusters replicated across samples. “Extreme perfectionists” with high scores across all perfectionism dimensions reported relatively poor physical health, psychological health, psychosocial resources, and well-being along with elevated neuroticism and conscientiousness. A group distinguished by elevated SPP also reported relatively poorer outcomes along with elevated neuroticism and lower conscientiousness. In contrast, “nonperfectionists” reported relatively elevated levels of health and well-being. These profiles differed in their links with health and well-being even after taking into account key differences in conscientiousness and neuroticism. Our results illustrate the importance of employing a person-oriented approach to the study of multidimensional perfectionism, especially as it relates to physical health, mental health, and subjective well-being.

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