scholarly journals Involvement of Autophagy in Rat Tail Static Compression-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Notochordal Cell Disappearance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5648
Author(s):  
Takashi Yurube ◽  
Hiroaki Hirata ◽  
Masaaki Ito ◽  
Yoshiki Terashima ◽  
Yuji Kakiuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
The Body ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Autophagic Flux ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Notochordal Cell ◽  
Notochordal Cells ◽  
Rat Tail

The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular low-nutrient organ in the body. Thus, resident cells may utilize autophagy, a stress-response survival mechanism, by self-digesting and recycling damaged components. Our objective was to elucidate the involvement of autophagy in rat experimental disc degeneration. In vitro, the comparison between human and rat disc nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells found increased autophagic flux under serum deprivation rather in humans than in rats and in NP cells than in AF cells of rats (n = 6). In vivo, time-course Western blotting showed more distinct basal autophagy in rat tail disc NP tissues than in AF tissues; however, both decreased under sustained static compression (n = 24). Then, immunohistochemistry displayed abundant autophagy-related protein expression in large vacuolated disc NP notochordal cells of sham rats. Under temporary static compression (n = 18), multi-color immunofluorescence further identified rapidly decreased brachyury-positive notochordal cells with robust expression of autophagic microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and transiently increased brachyury-negative non-notochordal cells with weaker LC3 expression. Notably, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive apoptotic death was predominant in brachyury-negative non-notochordal cells. Based on the observed notochordal cell autophagy impairment and non-notochordal cell apoptosis induction under unphysiological mechanical loading, further investigation is warranted to clarify possible autophagy-induced protection against notochordal cell disappearance, the earliest sign of disc degeneration, through limiting apoptosis.

scholarly journals Time-Course Investigation of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Induced by Different Sizes of Needle Punctures in Rat Tail Disc

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 6456-6465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Xiaofei Cheng ◽  
Jingcheng Wang ◽  
Xinmin Feng ◽  
Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Rat Tail

Static Compression Induces ECM Remodeling and Integrin α2β1 Expression and Signaling in a Rat Tail Caudal Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model

Spine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. E448-E458 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhanJun Yan ◽  
YouDong Pan ◽  
ShiHui Wang ◽  
MaoHua Cheng ◽  
HongMei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Rat Tail

Effects of electroacupuncture on a degenerated intervertebral disc using an in-vivo rat-tail model

2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lai ◽  
D H K Chow ◽  
W-S Siu ◽  
A D Holmes ◽  
F-H Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Disc Height ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Height ◽  
Rat Tail Model ◽  
Rat Tail

Electroacupuncture (EA) has long been used as conservative treatment for low back pain (LBP). Its effect on relief of back pain has been demonstrated in many clinical studies. However, whether it has any effect on the biological properties of an intervertebral disc, which is one of the major causes of LBP, is still unclear. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the effects of EA with different simulation frequencies on an intervertebral disc with simulated degeneration using an in-vivo rat-tail model. In this study, 33 rats were used. Disc degeneration was simulated in the rat caudal 8—9 disc via continuous static compressive loading of 11 N for 2 weeks. EA with a frequency of 2 or 100 Hz was then applied to the degenerated disc for 3 weeks with 3 sessions/week and 20 min/session. The intervertebral disc height was measured before and after compression as well as after EA intervention for 3 weeks. The static compression was found to result in a reduction in the disc height of about 22 per cent. There was no evidence that this change could be reversed after resting or the EA intervention. However, EA at 100 Hz was found to induce a further decrease in disc height, which was not shown for the rats after resting or EA at 2 Hz. The results of this study showed that effects of EA on disc degeneration are frequency dependent and adverse effects could result if EA at a certain frequency was used.

scholarly journals Notochordal cell disappearance and modes of apoptotic cell death in a rat tail static compression-induced disc degeneration model

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. R31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yurube ◽  
Hiroaki Hirata ◽  
Kenichiro Kakutani ◽  
Koichiro Maeno ◽  
Toru Takada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Notochordal Cell ◽  
Rat Tail

Time course investigation of intervertebral disc degeneration in a rat-tail puncture model

Life Sciences ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsian Chen ◽  
Chang-Jung Chiang ◽  
Lien-Chen Wu ◽  
Chih-Hong Yang ◽  
Yi-Jie Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Puncture Model ◽  
Rat Tail

scholarly journals The Myth of Fibroid Degeneration in the Canine Intervertebral Disc: A Histopathological Comparison of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Chondrodystrophic and Nonchondrodystrophic Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tove Hansen ◽  
Lucas A. Smolders ◽  
Marianna A. Tryfonidou ◽  
Björn P. Meij ◽  
Johannes C. M. Vernooij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Notochordal Cells ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Chondroid Metaplasia ◽  
Ivd Degeneration

Since the seminal work by Hans-Jörgen Hansen in 1952, it has been assumed that intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in chondrodystrophic (CD) dogs involves chondroid metaplasia of the nucleus pulposus, whereas in nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs, fibrous metaplasia occurs. However, more recent studies suggest that IVD degeneration in NCD and CD dogs is more similar than originally thought. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the histopathology of IVD degeneration in CD and NCD dogs. IVDs with various grades of degeneration (Thompson grade I–III, n = 7 per grade) from both CD and NCD dogs were used (14 CD and 18 NCD dogs, 42 IVDs in total). Sections were scored according to a histological scoring scheme for canine IVD degeneration, including evaluation of the presence of fibrocyte-like cells in the nucleus pulposus. In CD dogs, the macroscopically non-degenerated nucleus pulposus contained mainly chondrocyte-like cells, whereas the non-degenerated nucleus pulposus of NCD dogs mainly contained notochordal cells. The histopathological changes in degenerated discs were similar in CD and NCD dogs and resembled chondroid metaplasia. Fibrocytes were not seen in the nucleus pulposus, indicating that fibrous degeneration of the IVD was not present in any of the evaluated grades of degeneration. In conclusion, intervertebral disc degeneration was characterized by chondroid metaplasia of the nucleus pulposus in both NCD and CD dogs. These results revoke the generally accepted concept that NCD and CD dogs suffer from a different type of IVD degeneration, in veterinary literature often referred to as chondroid or fibroid degeneration, and we suggest that chondroid metaplasia should be used to describe the tissue changes in the IVD in both breed types.

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