scholarly journals Framework for Design of Sustainable Flexible Pavement

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Enyew Asres ◽  
Tewodros Ghebrab ◽  
Stephen Ekwaro-Osire
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Flexible Pavements ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
The Cost

The conventional methodologies for the design of flexible pavements are not adequate in providing solutions that meet the diverse sustainability challenges. Therefore, developing new methodologies and frameworks for the design of flexible pavement has become a priority for most highway agencies. On the other hand, there is no sound sustainable flexible pavement framework at the design phase that considers the key engineering performance, environmental impact, and economic benefits of sustainability metrics. Hence, premature failure of flexible pavements has become a common problem leading to a growing demand for sustainable pavement. Pavement engineers need to have access to tools that permit them to design flexible pavements capable of providing sustainable solutions under various complex scenarios and uncertainties. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop a resilience analysis framework, probabilistic life cycle assessment (PLCA) framework, and probabilistic life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) framework as the pillars of sustainability. These frameworks were used to develop a single sustainable flexible pavement design framework. The developed framework enables highway agencies to effectively quantify the lifetime sustainability performance of flexible pavements during the design phase in terms of resilience, environmental sustainability, and economic sustainability; and it allows to select the optimum design by comparing alternative design options. The framework will enhance the durability of flexible pavement projects by minimizing the cost, operational disturbance, environmental impact, and supporting the design. Many countries, especially those that fully dependent on the road network as the primary transportation route, may benefit from the sustainability-based road network design, which could ensure dependable market accessibility. The resilience of such a road network may reduce the cost of business activities by minimizing the interruption in surface transportation due to the functional and structural failures resulting from extreme events.

scholarly journals Ecological and Economic Benefits of the “Medium” Level of the Building Thermo-Modernization: A Case Study in Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adamczyk ◽  
Robert Dylewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Devices

Energy saving is at the heart of sustainable development in the context of climate change. Saving energy is not only the amount of energy that we save, but also reducing emissions of pollutants to the atmosphere, as well as reducing the consumption of energy resources that are used to produce energy. Reducing pollutant emissions and the use of energy resources can be achieved by increasing the use of renewable energy sources, but at present, this method of obtaining energy in the world is not representative. It should be noted that renewable energy devices throughout the life cycle generate environmental impact. Similar to this situation, the building’s thermo-modernization, which is focused on reducing the pressure on the environment of the building’s user, also has an impact on the environment throughout the building’s life cycle. Determining this environmental impact and ecological or economic benefits or costs is the purpose of the following article. Thermo-modernization of the building, for the purposes of the article, is understood as thermal insulation of walls and replacement of the heat source for heating the building and preparation of hot utility water. The need to replace the heat source with a much more ecological one results in Poland from provincial legal regulations announced by virtue of a resolution. In the study, data from the Ecoinvent data library included in the SimaPro computer program was used for the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) analysis. As a result of thermo-modernization of the representative buildings, large ecological benefits were obtained, while economic costs remain at a high level.

Comparative life cycle assessment of ornamental stone processing waste recycling, sand, clay and limestone filler

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Ayres Rebello ◽  
Robson Zulcão ◽  
João Luiz Calmon ◽  
Ricardo Franci Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Limestone Filler ◽  
Ornamental Stone ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment

Owing to the cost of destination and transportation of ornamental stone processing waste, many studies focused on the reuse and recycling of this product. However, there is a scarcity of articles addressing the environmental viability of the recycling of ornamental stone. In this context, this study comprehends a comparative life cycle assessment of ornamental stone processing waste and conventional materials: sand, clay and limestone filler. The modelling software used was SimaPro 8.3.0.0 with Ecoinvent 3.2 database, employing the ReCiPe H/H methodology for impact assessment. The results show that the recycling of ornamental stone processing waste is environmentally preferable, and the artificial drying alternatives, such as flash dryer and rotary dryer, have lower environmental impact than extracting and processing clay through atomisation methods and limestone filler production. The sensitivity analysis indicated that it is possible to transport the ornamental stone processing waste 37 km after processing, so it reaches the same environmental impact as sand extracted by dredging. On the other hand, an increase of 25% in the energy consumption incremented only 7% of the environmental impact owing to the Brazilian energy mix.

scholarly journals Flexible pavement design of district road

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01210
Author(s):  
S. VenkatCharyulu ◽  
G.K. Viswanadh
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Flexible Pavements ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Wheel Loading ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Effective Design

In nowadays it is very important to have a proper road network for the purpose of good transportation. Few places road network is not available while the traffic is higher and enough. Pavement is generally being constructed and used for the purpose of smooth and comfort moment of the traffic. Flexible pavements will be subjected to load by wheel develop stress particles-to-particles transmit to the lower grades of layers through the granular structure. The pavement is subjected to the wheel loading action on it and the load is to be distributed to a larger area, such that the decrease in stress will occur with respect to the depth. The patch considered in this project is of KKY District Road. [KKY-Karimnagar Kamareddy Yellareddy]. The current condition of the KKY road is very much disturbed with the presence of uneven undulations as heavy loaded vehicles like moment of trucks took part. Hence, for the purpose of the fulfilment of all the above requirement factors and for the comfort moment of traffic. Adopted the effective design of flexible pavement. In this paper, we are enclosing the design report KKY road which includes all the which comes under the project of the pavement construction.

Ontology-Based Malfunction Forecast and Root Cause Analysis in Product Design

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Chang ◽  
Janis Terpenny
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
The Cost

In product design, passing undetected errors to the downstream can cause error avalanche, could diminish product acceptance and largely increase the overall cost. Yet, it is difficult for designers to collect all the related potential errors from different departments in the initial design phase. In order to deal with these problems, this paper puts forward an ontology based method to integrate related history error data from different data sources of multiple departments in an enterprise. By using the advantages of ontologies and ontology-based information systems in knowledge management and semantic reasoning, the method enables the investigation of the root cause of the related potential malfunctions in the early product design phase. The framework can provide warnings and root causes of related potential errors in design based on history data and further continuously improve the product design. In this manner, this method is expected to reduce the knowledge limitation of designers in the initial design phase, help designers consider the problems in the whole enterprise and the product life cycle more completely, facilitate design improvement more accurately and efficiently, and further reduce the cost of the overall product life cycle.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR MAINTENANCE: FACILITY MANAGERS’ PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Jalali Sohi ◽  
David Arditi ◽  
Afshin Jalali Sohi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
The Us ◽  
Design Deficiencies ◽  
The Cost

Maintainability is one of the considerations designers take into account in the design stage of building construction projects. In other words, maintainability is a design consideration that may improve ease of maintenance during operation. The designer is expected to include maintenance knowledge and experience into the design, including planning for specific tools to facilitate implementation. Maintainability issues appear during the occupancy stage and have a direct impact on the cost of owning and operating a facility. Annual operation and maintenance expenses during the life cycle of a building could amount to many times the initial construction cost. Design deficiencies constitute one of the main reasons for high annual maintenance cost. Facility management involves activities to maintain and operate a constructed facility. It is essential to evaluate facility managers’ perspective on how maintainability characteristics should be considered at design phase of facilities. A survey of 168 facility managers in the mid-west region of the US is uncovered that (1) maintainability should be top priority in design, especially for mechanical systems, (2) deferred maintenance should be avoided because it increases costs over the life-cycle of buildings, and (3) constructed facilities should be handed over with a maintenance schedule provided by the designer. Paying special attention to maintainability in the design phase is expected to help reducing the cost of operation.

Prediction of Recycle Method Using Relevance Vector Machine

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 943-948
Author(s):  
M.M. Noor ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Relevance Vector Machine ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Vacuum Cleaner ◽  
Machine Method ◽  
Life Cycle Engineering ◽  
Design Cycle ◽  
The Cost

Life cycle engineering is the engineering and design of products and processes to minimize the cost and environmental impact for the life cycle phases of a product. Relevance Vector Machine method (RVM) is used to determine recycling strategy (reuse, service, remanufacture, recycle with disassembly, recycle without disassembly and disposal). Seven parameters (wear – out life, technology cycle, level of integration, number of parts, reason for redesign and design cycle) were considered as the input for the RVM model. Three electronic equipments were selected to be examined such as vacuum cleaner, washing machine, television. All the results verify previous literature study. The prediction model predicts the end of life (EOL) strategies quite closely with real industry practices.

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