scholarly journals Addendum: Amiri, E. et al. Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways. Insects 2019, 10, 9

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Amiri ◽  
Gregory Seddon ◽  
Wendy Zuluaga Smith ◽  
Micheline K. Strand ◽  
David R. Tarpy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Honey Bee Queen ◽  
Transmission Pathways ◽  
Published Paper ◽  
Paralysis Virus

It has been brought to our attention that one note was missing in the Funding section of our published paper [...]

scholarly journals Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Honey Bee Queen–Worker Interaction and Potential Virus Transmission Pathways

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Amiri ◽  
Gregory Seddon ◽  
Wendy Zuluaga Smith ◽  
Micheline K. Strand ◽  
David R. Tarpy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Social Immunity ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Colony Loss ◽  
Honey Bee Queen ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Queen loss or failure is an important cause of honey bee colony loss. A functional queen is essential to a colony, and the queen is predicted to be well protected by worker bees and other mechanisms of social immunity. Nevertheless, several honey bee pathogens (including viruses) can infect queens. Here, we report a series of experiments to test how virus infection influences queen–worker interactions and the consequences for virus transmission. We used Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) as an experimental pathogen because it is relevant to bee health but is not omnipresent. Queens were observed spending 50% of their time with healthy workers, 32% with infected workers, and 18% without interaction. However, the overall bias toward healthy workers was not statistically significant, and there was considerable individual to individual variability. We found that physical contact between infected workers and queens leads to high queen infection in some cases, suggesting that IAPV infections also spread through close bodily contact. Across experiments, queens exhibited lower IAPV titers than surrounding workers. Thus, our results indicate that honey bee queens are better protected by individual and social immunity, but this protection is insufficient to prevent IAPV infections completely.

scholarly journals The Pathogen Profile of a Honey Bee Queen Does Not Reflect That of Her Workers

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Kevill ◽  
Katie Lee ◽  
Michael Goblirsch ◽  
Erin McDermott ◽  
David R. Tarpy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Honey Bee Queen ◽  
Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Throughout a honey bee queen’s lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen’s pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen.

scholarly journals Comparing Survival of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus Infection among Stocks of U.S. Honey Bees

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Shilpi Bhatia ◽  
Saman S. Baral ◽  
Carlos Vega Melendez ◽  
Esmaeil Amiri ◽  
Olav Rueppell
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Immune Genes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Honey Bee Health ◽  
Survival Differences ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Among numerous viruses that infect honey bees (Apis mellifera), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) can be linked to severe honey bee health problems. Breeding for virus resistance may improve honey bee health. To evaluate the potential for this approach, we compared the survival of IAPV infection among stocks from the U.S. We complemented the survival analysis with a survey of existing viruses in these stocks and assessing constitutive and induced expression of immune genes. Worker offspring from selected queens in a common apiary were inoculated with IAPV by topical applications after emergence to assess subsequent survival. Differences among stocks were small compared to variation within stocks, indicating the potential for improving honey bee survival of virus infections in all stocks. A positive relation between worker survival and virus load among stocks further suggested that honey bees may be able to adapt to better cope with viruses, while our molecular studies indicate that toll-6 may be related to survival differences among virus-infected worker bees. Together, these findings highlight the importance of viruses in queen breeding operations and provide a promising starting point for the quest to improve honey bee health by selectively breeding stock to be better able to survive virus infections.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Presence of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus in Honey Bee Colonies with Colony Collapse Disorder

Viruses ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2012-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Hou ◽  
Hadassah Rivkin ◽  
Yossi Slabezki ◽  
Nor Chejanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Colony Collapse Disorder ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Colony Collapse ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Paralysis Virus

scholarly journals Honey Bee Queens and Virus Infections

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Amiri ◽  
Micheline K. Strand ◽  
David R. Tarpy ◽  
Olav Rueppell
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Honey Bee Queen ◽  
Honey Bee Queens ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
New Research ◽  
Paralysis Virus

The honey bee queen is the central hub of a colony to produce eggs and release pheromones to maintain social cohesion. Among many environmental stresses, viruses are a major concern to compromise the queen’s health and reproductive vigor. Viruses have evolved numerous strategies to infect queens either via vertical transmission from the queens’ parents or horizontally through the worker and drones with which she is in contact during development, while mating, and in the reproductive period in the colony. Over 30 viruses have been discovered from honey bees but only few studies exist on the pathogenicity and direct impact of viruses on the queen’s phenotype. An apparent lack of virus symptoms and practical problems are partly to blame for the lack of studies, and we hope to stimulate new research and methodological approaches. To illustrate the problems, we describe a study on sublethal effects of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) that led to inconclusive results. We conclude by discussing the most crucial methodological considerations and novel approaches for studying the interactions between honey bee viruses and their interactions with queen health.

Response of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) proteome to Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Michaud ◽  
Humberto F. Boncristiani ◽  
Joost W. Gouw ◽  
Micheline K. Strand ◽  
Jeffrey Pettis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Host Protein ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Recent declines in honey bee (Apis mellifera L., 1758) populations worldwide have spurred significant research into the impact of pathogens on colony health. The role of the Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) on hive mortality has become of particular concern since being correlated with colony losses. However, the molecular interactions between IAPV and its host remain largely unknown. To investigate changes in host protein expression during IAPV infection, mass-spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics was used to compare IAPV-infected and healthy pupae. Proteins whose expression levels changed significantly during infection were identified and functional analysis was performed to determine host systems and pathways perturbed by IAPV infection. Among the A. mellifera proteins most affected by IAPV, those involving translation and the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway were most highly enriched and future investigation of these pathways will be useful in identifying host proteins required for infection. This analysis represents an important first step towards understanding the honey bee host response to IAPV infection through the systems-level analysis of protein expression.

scholarly journals Detection of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) and Apis mellifera Filamentous Virus (AmFV) in Honey Bees in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra C. García-Anaya ◽  
Alejandro Romo-Chacón ◽  
Alma I. Sáenz-Mendoza ◽  
Gerardo Pérez-Ordoñez ◽  
Carlos H. Acosta-Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Colony Loss ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Abstract The recent alarming loss of honey bee colonies around the world is believed to be related to the presence of viruses. The aim of this study was to detect two major viral diseases, Apis mellifera Filamentous virus (AmFV) and Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) using Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-PCR, in honey bees in Mexico. Adult and larvae honey bee samples were collected from asymptomatic colonies of six major beekeeping regions in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Both viruses were detected in both developmental stages of honey bees, IAPV at a higher prevalence (23.5%) as compared to AmFV, only in 0.9% of samples. However, this is the first report on AmFV infection in Mexican apiaries. Further studies are required to understand the AmFV and IAPV impact on colony loss in Mexico and to develop strategies for enhancing the control of viral diseases.

scholarly journals Possible Spillover of Pathogens between Bee Communities Foraging on the Same Floral Resource

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Anne Dalmon ◽  
Virgine Diévart ◽  
Maxime Thomasson ◽  
Romain Fouque ◽  
Bernard E. Vaissière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Pollinator Community ◽  
Floral Resource ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Viruses are known to contribute to bee population decline. Possible spillover is suspected from the co-occurrence of viruses in wild bees and honey bees. In order to study the risk of virus transmission between wild and managed bee species sharing the same floral resource, we tried to maximize the possible cross-infections using Phacelia tanacetifolia, which is highly attractive to honey bees and a broad range of wild bee species. Virus prevalence was compared over two years in Southern France. A total of 1137 wild bees from 29 wild bee species (based on COI barcoding) and 920 honey bees (Apis mellifera) were checked for the seven most common honey bee RNA viruses. Halictid bees were the most abundant. Co-infections were frequent, and Sacbrood virus (SBV), Black queen cell virus (BQCV), Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) were widespread in the hymenopteran pollinator community. Conversely, Deformed wing virus (DWV) was detected at low levels in wild bees, whereas it was highly prevalent in honey bees (78.3% of the samples). Both wild bee and honey bee virus isolates were sequenced to look for possible host-specificity or geographical structuring. ABPV phylogeny suggested a specific cluster for Eucera bees, while isolates of DWV from bumble bees (Bombus spp.) clustered together with honey bee isolates, suggesting a possible spillover.

scholarly journals A Reverse Genetics System for the Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus and Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa Yang ◽  
Hongxia Zhao ◽  
Yanchun Deng ◽  
Shuai Deng ◽  
Xinling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Progeny Virus ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Infectious Clones ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Honey bee viruses are associated with honey bee colony decline. Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) is considered to have a strong impact on honey bee survival. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral genomes from several regions of the world showed that various IAPV lineages had substantial differences in virulence. Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), another important honey bee virus, can induce two significantly different symptoms. However, the infection characteristics and pathogenesis of IAPV and CBPV have not been completely elucidated. Here, we constructed infectious clones of IAPV and CBPV using a universal vector to provide a basis for studying their replication and pathogenesis. Infectious IAPV and CBPV were rescued from molecular clones of IAPV and CBPV genomes, respectively, that induced typical paralysis symptoms. The replication levels and expression proteins of IAPV and CBPV in progeny virus production were confirmed by qPCR and Western blot. Our results will allow further dissection of the role of each gene in the context of viral infection while helping to study viral pathogenesis and develop antiviral drugs using reverse genetics systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document