Host-Plant Variations Affect the Biotic Potential, Survival, and Population Projection of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a polyphagous insect pest is a major threat to a wide range of crops worldwide. Aiming to evaluate the life history traits of M. persicae, feeding on different host plants, we used five vegetables: cabbage, Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae); chinese cabbage, B. rapa (Brassicaceae); chili pepper, Capsicum annum (Solanaceae); crown daisy, Chrysanthemum coronarium (Asteraceae); and eggplant, Solanum melongena (Solanaceae). TWOSEX-MSchart software was used for the statistical analysis about the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The highest fecundity (69.65 individuals) rate of M. persicae, intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.425 d−1), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.531 d−1), net reproductive rate (R0 = 69.65 offspring), and shortest mean generation time (T = 9.964 d) were recorded on the chili pepper plant. Whereas, lower fitness occurred on cabbage. The findings attained from population growth parameters indicate that chili pepper is the most susceptible plant, while cabbage is resistant to aphids. Population projection results also supported this statement, as the final total population size on cabbage was significantly lower than other plants. The reported information would be useful for devising integrated pest management programs, particularly those involving M. persicae. This information also suggests the adaptability of M. persicae causing economic damage to these vegetable cultivars.

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Effects of Five Host Plant Species on the Life History and Population Growth Parameters of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/iez094 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Feng Hong ◽

Hong-Liang Han ◽

Po Pu ◽

Dong Wei ◽

Jia Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Host Plants ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range

Abstract The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important agricultural pest with a wide range of host plants. To study effects of host species on the life history traits of M. persicae, aphids were individually reared on five host plants: Brassica campestris L. (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), Capsicum annuum L. (Tubiflorae: Solanaceae), Nicotiana tabacum L. (Tubiflorae: Solanaceae), Raphanus sativus L. (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), and Vicia faba L. (Rosales: Leguminosae). TWOSEX-MSchart software was used for the statistical analysis according to the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The results showed that the shortest preadult stage and adult/total prereproductive period of M. persicae were 6.48, 0.19, and 6.67 d on V. faba, respectively. While the adult and total longevity of M. persicae on R. sativus (25.00 and 31.62 d) and N. tabacum (24.40 and 30.56 d) were significantly longer than that on the other three hosts, as was the reproductive period. The fecundity of M. persicae on R. sativus (80.83 nymphs per female), N. tabacum (71.72 nymphs per female), and V. faba (70.39 nymphs per female) was also greater than that on B. campestris and C. annuum. It was demonstrated that V. faba, R. sativus, and N. tabacum were more suitable plants for the growth of M. persicae exhibiting a shorter preadult stage, longer longevity, and greater fecundity than the remaining two species, as confirmed by the higher intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate.

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Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽

10.24349/acarologia/20184229 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 52-61

Author(s):

Samah Ben Chaaban ◽

Brahim Chermiti ◽

Serge Kreiter

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Old World ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

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A life table analysis to evaluate biological control of banks grass mite using the predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.22.1.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽

Thomas M. Perring

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Predatory Mite ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Banks Grass Mite

The predatory mite, Galendromus flumenis (Chant) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), has shown promising traits for biological control of Banks grass mite, the major pest of date palms in California. In the present study, reproduction and population growth parameters of G. flumenis on Banks grass mite eggs were studied at 34ºC, 50±10% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) hours. 100 percent of eggs hatched and 63.5 percent of the emerged larvae survived to adulthood. The total immature developmental time was 5.7 and 5.5 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of G. flumenis was 0.70 (females/ females+ males). Mated females laid on average 1.6 eggs per day and 19.9 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 12.5 days. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 11.5 females/ female/ generation, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.200 females/ female/ day, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.222 population multiplication/ day, the mean generation time (T) was 12.2 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 3.5 days. The lower rm value of G. flumenis than that of its prey (0.24–0.48) explains why Banks grass mite escapes control by G. flumenis in field. These results suggest that augmentative release of this predator would offset the lower rm of the predator, thereby contributing to the control of Banks grass mite. Combined with the benefit of early releases determined in companion studies, future field studies with G. flumenis are being planned.

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Age-stage, two-sex life table analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on maize and kidney bean

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ◽

10.1186/s40538-021-00241-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wen Xie ◽

Junrui Zhi ◽

Jiaqin Ye ◽

Yeming Zhou ◽

Cao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Kidney Bean ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Agricultural Pests ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Background Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), or fall armyworm, is one of major migratory agricultural pests with a wide range of hosts. The effect of different hosts (maize and kidney bean) on the growth and reproduction of S. frugiperda were investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. Results The results showed that S. frugiperda could complete its entire life cycle on both hosts, albeit with significantly different development and reproduction. The durations of larval and pupal development were significantly prolonged whereas adult lifespan was shortened on kidney bean compared to maize. The differences of survival rates at each instar, prepupal and pupal stages between the two hosts were not statistically significant. The total pre-oviposition period was longer on kidney bean than that on maize (42.05 vs 39.04 days), but there was no difference in the oviposition rate (64.77 on kidney bean vs 62.48 on maize). The differences of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were nonsignificant, while the mean generation time on kidney bean (42.05 days) was significantly longer than that on maize (40.92 days). Conclusions The results indicate that S. frugiperda can grow and reproduce normally on both hosts, although maize is more suitable. Nonetheless, the data show that this pest is harmful when the population density is high or when the preferred host is scarce. Graphic abstract

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Biological responses of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to different host plants: an investigation on bottom-up effects

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.24.4.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 659 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Afsoon Azadi qoort ◽

Amin Sedaratian-Jahromi ◽

Mostafa Haghani ◽

Mojtaba Ghane-Jahromi

Keyword(s):

Tetranychus Urticae ◽

Host Plants ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Life Stages ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Tomato Cultivar ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range

Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is a cosmopolitan pest causing economic damage to a wide range of different host plants worldwide. In the present study, bottom-up effects of four common greenhouse plants including cucumber (cultivar “Negin”), tomato (cultivar “Isabella”), eggplant (cultivar “Bell”) and watermelon (cultivar “Crimson”) on biological parameters of this pest were evaluated using age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The obtained results revealed that the durations of different life stages of T. urticae were significantly affected by the host plants tested. Accordingly, the highest and lowest recorded values for duration of total immature stages of this mite were recorded on tomato (12.09 ± 0.25 day) and eggplant (8.37 ± 0.16 day), respectively. The duration of oviposition period was also significantly different and the highest value was estimated on watermelon (14.19 ± 1.26 day). Furthermore, host plants tested significantly affected the mortality of different life stages and the highest immature mortality was estimated on tomato (65.31 ± 4.81 %). The highest and lowest estimated values for intrinsic rate of increase (r) were recorded on cucumber (0.239 ± 0.014 day-1) and tomato (0.104 ± 0.016 day-1), respectively. The calculated values for mean generation time (T) were the highest on tomato (17.81 ± 0.53 day) and the lowest on eggplant (13.98 ± 0.28 day). These findings demonstrated that cucumber and tomato had the lowest and highest negative effects on the biological parameters of T. urticae, respectively.

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Effects of UV Radiation on Egg Hatching Population Growth and Reproductive Parameters of Indianmeal Moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Sumerianz Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary ◽

10.47752/sjav.39.130.142 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 130-142

Author(s):

Akram Bakhshi ◽

Ali Asghar Talebi ◽

Yaghoub Fathipour ◽

Ali Mirshekar

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Plodia Interpunctella ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Population Growth Parameters

In this research, three age groups of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) eggs (1-, 2- and 3-day-old eggs) were exposed to ultraviolet irradiation (UVC) with 254nm wavelength for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 minutes, under controlled conditions. The effect of UVC-irradiation on reproduction and population growth parameters investigated for eggs irradiated for 0.5, 1 and 1.5 minutes. The percentage of egg hatching decreased with increase in UVC exposure time, while for each exposure time, the older eggs were more sensitive than the younger ones. The results indicated that different exposure times of UVC-irradiation could affect the reproduction and population growth parameters. The highest value of net fertility rates was observed in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 0.5 min exposure. Both the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the net reproductive rate (R0) decreased with increasing exposure time from 0.5 to 1.5 min while the mean generation time (Tc) and doubling time (DT) increased within this irradiation range. The lowest amount of rm was obtained in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 1.5 min exposure time. The results showed that UVC-irradiation is an appropriate technique for controlling P. interpunctella.

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Biologi dan statistik demografi Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum Linnaeus)

Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia ◽

10.5994/jei.14.3.51 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Rudi Tomson Hutasoit ◽

Hermanu Triwidodo ◽

Ruly Anwar

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Chili Pepper ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Adult Longevity ◽

Chilli Pepper ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Preoviposition Period ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Pepper Leaves

Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the major pests of chili pepper in Indonesia. The pest can be found on all parts of the plants, especially flowers and leaves. Information of the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus are still limited. The objective of this research was to study the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus in Bogor. Fifty individual of 1st instar nymphs were reared on caged chili pepper leaves (d = 4 cm and h = 8 cm). Chilli pepper leaves were replaced everyday and observed daily to determine the development and number of offspring eggs. The collected data were used to obtain information about the biology of the pest such as the stadia of each instar, preoviposition period, life cycle, adult longevity, and fecundity. The data were also used to construct life tables for demographic statistic analysis using of the Jackknife method. There were 5 phases of immature stages of T. parvispinus: eggs, two instars nymph, prepupa, and pupa with their stadia were 4,79, 1,36, 3,54, 1,08, and 1,96 days respectively. The preoviposition period of the insect was 1,11 days, life cycle was 13,68 days, female longevity was 8,55 days, male longevity was 6,00 days, and fecundity was 15,33 eggs per female. The population development of T. parvispinus followed type III of survivorship curve with intrinsic rate of increase was 0,15 individual per days female per days, net reproductive rate was 5,71 individual per female per generation, generation time was 11,49 days and doubling time was 4,57 days.

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Tritrophic Interactions of Cucumber Cultivar, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and Its Predator Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 (4) ◽

pp. 1774-1779 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdossamad Zahedi ◽

Jabraeil Razmjou ◽

Hooshang Rafiee-Dastjerdi ◽

Norman C Leppla ◽

Ali Golizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range ◽

History Of ◽

Hippodamia Variegata ◽

Melon Aphid

Abstract The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a cosmopolitan pest that infests and damages a wide range of crop plants, especially cucurbits. It is a host of the coccinellid predator, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), that has the potential to suppress the pest on leaves of cucumber plants grown in greenhouses. Melon aphids were reared on either Storm or Khasib cucumber cultivars to determine whether there would be a difference in their development and reproduction. The aphids from each cultivar were fed to H. variegata adults to assess their effects on the life history of the predator. The aphid population reared on Khasib leaves increased faster than the population on Storm leaves; however, the predators fed aphids from Storm leaves had a higher rate of population growth. Thus, the intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate were greater for aphids reared on Khasib leaves but lower for H. variegata fed those aphids compared with aphids reared on the Storm cultivar. Additionally, clean and aphid-infested leaves from both cultivars were analyzed for total flavonoids, phenol, and chlorophyll, and the density of leaf trichomes was measured. The Storm leaves contained higher amounts of flavonoids and phenol, less chlorophyll, and a greater density of trichomes. Regardless of cucurbit cultivar, aphid feeding increased the flavonoids and phenol content and decreased the amount of chlorophyll.

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The effects of bifenazate on life history traits and population growth of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.26.3.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 610-623

Author(s):

Mohammadreza Havasi ◽

Ayad Alsendi ◽

Nniloufar Sangak Sani Bozhgani ◽

Katayoon Kheradmand ◽

Reza Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Integrated Management ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Reproduction Rate ◽

Amblyseius Swirskii ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Worldwide Distribution ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Wide Range

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a notorious crop pest with a worldwide distribution that has developed resistance to a wide range of acaricides. Combined tactics of pest management have special significance not only for a reduction in pesticide residues but also to maintain the natural enemy activity, which is an objective of IPM programs. Here, we investigated the effect of low-lethal concentrations of bifenazate at LC10, LC20, and LC30 on development and reproduction parameters of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Lethal and sub-lethal concentrations were estimated using leaf dip bioassay method. The crude data were analyzed based on age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. Toxicological assays showed bifenazate treatments gradually decreased the longevity and total life span of both sexes. Our results indicated that reproductive and total fecundity of the next generation were also affected by sublethal concentrations. All concentrations caused a significant decline in oviposition days, compared to the control. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) varied from 0.1344 to 0.1151 day-1 for the mites treated with distilled water and LC30 treatments, respectively. The finite rate of increase (λ) was affected by the acaricide concentration (lowest at LC30 concentration: 1.1221 day-1). Bifenazate concentration (LC10, LC20 and LC30) treatments gradually reduced the gross reproduction rate (GRR) and net reproductive rate (R0). Based on obtained results from current study, bifenazate is not a favorable acaricide with A. swiriskii and cannot be recommended to use with this predatory mite in integrated management.

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Comparative life table analysis of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on ten rose cultivars

Acarologia ◽

10.24349/acarologia/20174176 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 607-616

Author(s):

Ali Golizadeh ◽

Samira Ghavidel ◽

Jabraeil Razmjou ◽

Syed Ali Asghar Fathi ◽

Mahdi Hassanpour

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Tetranychus Urticae ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Cool Water ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Population Growth Parameters ◽

Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Life history parameters of plant feeders are useful tools to evaluate resistance or susceptibility of host plants including different cultivars. This study compared population growth parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch on 10 rose cultivars, including Bella Vita, Cool Water, Dolce Vita, Maroussia, Orange Juice, Pink Promise, Roulette, Tea, Valentine, and Persian yellow in laboratory conditions at 24+/-1°C, 65+/-5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. The results revealed that mite survival rate varied from 66.5% on Bella Vita to 85.9% on Persian yellow. The immature development time was different among the tested rose cultivars and ranged from 9.35 days on Orange Juice to 12.30 days on Bella Vita. The highest fecundity rate was recorded on Pink Promise. Consequently, population growth parameters were also significantly affected. The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was recorded on Roulette and this parameter was relatively higher on Cool Water, Orange Juice, and Persian yellow. In addition, the highest net reproductive rate (R0) was observed on Pink Promise, which was significantly higher than Roulette, Tea, and Valentine cultivars. The longest mean generation time (T) was calculated on Roulette and the shortest on Cool Water, Tea, and Orange Juice. The lowest performance of the two-spotted mite on Roulette could indicate that this is a suitable cultivar against mite infestation. Differences in mite susceptibility of tested rose cultivars here highlighted have the potential to be used for integrated pest management of T. urticae in ornamental rosa cultivations.

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