scholarly journals When Does the Cytokine Storm Begin in COVID-19 Patients? A Quick Score to Recognize It

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Stefano Cappanera ◽  
Michele Palumbo ◽  
Sherman H. Kwan ◽  
Giulia Priante ◽  
Lucia Assunta Martella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Cytokine Antagonists ◽  
Infectious Disease Department ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Prospective Study

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly spread across the world, becoming a pandemic. The “cytokine storm” (CS) in COVID-19 leads to the worst stage of illness, and its timely control through immunomodulators, corticosteroids, and cytokine antagonists may be the key to reducing mortality. After reviewing published studies, we proposed a Cytokine Storm Score (CSs) to identify patients who were in this hyperinflammation state, and at risk of progression and poorer outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed 31 patients admitted to Infectious Disease Department in “St. Maria” Hospital in Terni with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, and analyzed the “CS score” (CSs) and the severity of COVID-19. Then we conducted a prospective study of COVID-19 patients admitted after the definition of the CSscore. This is the first study that proposes and applies a new score to quickly identify COVID-19 patients who are in a hyperinflammation stage, to rapidly treat them in order to reduce the risk of intubation. CSs can accurately identify COVID-19 patients in the early stages of a CS, to conduct timely, safe, and effect administration of immunomodulators, corticosteroids, and cytokine antagonists, to prevent progression and reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Comparative study between endoscopic cartilage myringoplasty and endoscopic temporalis fascia myringoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chozhan ◽  
M. Sankara Subramanian ◽  
D. Kannathal ◽  
R. Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Temporalis Fascia ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Patient Series ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Myringoplasty is a common ear surgery performed all over the world. This study is focused on prospective comparative study using two different graft materials.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study done in the Department of ENT Stanley Medical College, Chennai during the period from March 2013 to September 2013. Sample size was 60 patients. Follow up was done till 6 months.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Graft acceptance was achieved in 28 patients (93%) who underwent palisade cartilage myringoplasty, whereas it was achieved in 24 patients (80%) in the temporalis fascia myringoplasty group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The outcomes in our patient series indicate that cartilage myringoplasty achieves good results. Cartilage, a very effective material for the reconstruction of the TM and grafts can provide an excellent anatomical result, perfect stability and good functional outcome.</p>

scholarly journals Elevated plasma YKL-40 and risk of infectious disease: a prospective study of 94665 individuals from the general population

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1411.e1-1411.e9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Kjaergaard ◽  
J. Helby ◽  
J.S. Johansen ◽  
B.G. Nordestgaard ◽  
S.E. Bojesen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Epistaxis as a marker for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 status – a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Hussain ◽  
M Mair ◽  
P Rea
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in patients presenting with epistaxis to a tertiary otolaryngology unit.MethodsA prospective study was conducted of 40 consecutive patients presenting with epistaxis referred to our tertiary otolaryngology unit. A group of 40 age-matched controls were also included. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. Symptoms of fever, cough and anosmia were noted in the study group.ResultsThe mean age was 66.5 ± 22.4 years in the study group. There were 22 males (55 per cent) and 18 females (45 per cent). The mean age in the control group was 66.3 ± 22.4 years (p = 0.935). There were six positive cases for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (15 per cent) in the epistaxis group and one case (2.5 per cent) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.05).ConclusionEpistaxis may represent a presenting symptom of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. This may serve as a useful additional criterion for screening patients.

scholarly journals Computerised EEG Monitoring for Carotid Endarterectomy

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Baker ◽  
A. J. Roxburgh
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Cerebral Ischaemia ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Spectral Edge Frequency ◽  
Spectral Edge ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Eeg Power ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study was undertaken in twenty patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy using computerised EEG monitoring in the form of a density-modulated spectral array, spectral edge frequency and integrated EEG power for monitoring cerebral ischaemia. This form of monitoring proved to be easy to use and understand. Because ischaemic EEG events longer than one minute were not necessarily followed by postoperative deficits, the definition of significant events that would cause ischaemia may need to be modified.

scholarly journals Optimization of the CDC Protocol of Molecular Diagnosis of COVID-19 for Timely Diagnosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Ju Chen ◽  
Li-Ling Hsieh ◽  
Shu-Kai Lin ◽  
Chu-Feng Wang ◽  
Yi-Hui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Assay Optimization ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the current uncontrolled outbreak of infectious disease, has caused significant challenges throughout the world. A reliable rapid diagnostic test for COVID-19 is demanded worldwide. The real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain was one of the most quickly established methods in the novel viral pandemic and was considered as the gold standard for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this report, we illustrate our experience of applying a protocol from the Taiwan CDC and achieving assay optimization in the immediate circumstances to meet the urgent medical and public health needs.

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of Total Laryngectomy and associated Complications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan L Reddy ◽  
Sridhar D Reddy ◽  
AVVSL Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
A Prospective Study

ABSTRACT A prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years at a tertiary care hospital on all patients who underwent total laryngectomy to study the complications of the surgeries, their possible etiology. Laryngectomy is one of the most frequently done oncological surgeries in this part of the world, with high incidence of morbidity. Through improved techniques and preand postoperative protocols the incidence of complications have reduced, none the less they occur. Aim of the present study is to note the incidence of complications and their management in our setup. How to cite this article Reddy SL, Reddy SD, Prasad AVVSL. A Prospective Study of Total Laryngectomy and associated Complications. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2012;2(1):20-22.

scholarly journals Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation of PPIUCD

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578
Author(s):  
Arihant Tater ◽  
Swati Garg ◽  
Urvashi Sharma ◽  
Ashmita Jawa
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Continuation Rate ◽  
Pelvic Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Committee Approval ◽  
Effective Contraception ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: India is the second most populated country in the world. Effective contraception with low complication rates and high continuation rate in post-partum period can check population growth.Methods: This is a prospective study carried out at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital after ethical committee approval. 100 patients giving the informed consent were taken in the study. PPIUCD inserted in patients and they were followed up at 48 hrs, 6 weeks and 12 weeks by clinical examination and USG.Results: In this study, with PPIUCD insertion during LSCS, the expulsion and removal was observed in 4% and 14% whereas in cases with FTVD 8.33% expulsion and 12.5% removal were observed. 82% and 79.2% continued the use of PPIUCD in LSCS and FTVD respectively. The most common complain of the patients with PPIUCD were irritation because of thread. No case of pelvic infection or perforation was observed. There was no expulsion of PPIUCD when the distance of PPIUCD from fundus on USG was <10 mm.Conclusion: PPIUCD have high continuation rates with low complication rate. Distance of PPIUCD from fundus on USG is not a good indicator for predicting expulsion of PPIUCD.

scholarly journals The LIFE CYCLE OF COVID-19 STAGES AND TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripu Daman M. Singh ◽  
Nida Malim ◽  
Aves Raza Khan ◽  
Huda Khan ◽  
Nauman Khatib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Clinical Recovery ◽  
The World ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Viral Outbreak

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)bat viruses, therefore bats could be the possible primary reservoir , which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. We also discuss the approaches for  therapeutic combinations to cope with this viral outbreak. Chloroquine has been sporadically used in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hydroxychloroquine shares the same mechanism of action as chloroquine, but its more tolerable safety profile makes it the preferred drug to treat malaria and autoimmune conditions. We propose that the immunomodulatory effect of hydroxychloroquine also may be useful in controlling the cytokine storm that occurs late-phase in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

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