scholarly journals The Role of Imaging Techniques to Define a Peri-Prosthetic Hip and Knee Joint Infection: Multidisciplinary Consensus Statements

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Luca Romanò ◽  
Nicola Petrosillo ◽  
Giuseppe Argento ◽  
Luca Maria Sconfienza ◽  
Giorgio Treglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Consensus Statements

Diagnosing a peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains challenging despite the availability of a variety of clinical signs, serum and synovial markers, imaging techniques, microbiological and histological findings. Moreover, the one and only true definition of PJI does not exist, which is reflected by the existence of at least six different definitions by independent societies. These definitions are composed of major and minor criteria for defining a PJI, but most of them do not include imaging techniques. This paper highlights the pros and cons of available imaging techniques—X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), bone scintigraphy, white blood cell scintigraphy (WBC), anti-granulocyte scintigraphy, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), discusses the added value of hybrid camera systems—single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), PET/CT and PET/MRI and reports consensus answers on important clinical questions that were discussed during the Third European Congress on Inflammation/Infection Imaging in Rome, December 2019.

scholarly journals Rola medycyny nuklearnej w diagnostyce chorób układu ruchu

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iga Strojna ◽  
Witold Cholewiński
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Single Photon Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Photon Emission Tomography

Techniki obrazowe z zakresu medycyny nuklearnej znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w ocenie licznych jednostek chorobowych, w tym – schorzeń układu ruchu. Wśród najczęściej wykorzystywanych metod radioizotopowych, wyróżniamy: scyntygrafię trójfazową (z ang. triple-phase scintigraphy), tomografię emisyjną pojedynczego fotonu (z ang. single-photon emission tomography, SPECT) oraz pozytonową tomografię emisyjną/tomografię komputerową (z ang. positron emission tomography/computed tomography, PET/CT).

Computerized Tomography (CT) Updates and Challenges in Diagnosis of Bone Metastases During Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-571
Author(s):  
Jinguo Zhang ◽  
Guanzhong Zhai ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Zhenhe Liu
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Pet Ct

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. This cancer is often associated with indolent tumors with little or no lethal potential. Some of the patients with aggressive prostate cancer have increased morbidity and early deaths. A major complication in advanced prostate cancer is bone metastasis that mainly results in pain, pathological fractures, and compression of spinal nerves. These complications in turn cause severe pain radiating to the extremities and possibly sensory as well as motor disturbances. Further, in patients with a high risk of metastases, treatment is limited to palliative therapies. Therefore, accurate methods for the detection of bone metastases are essential. Technical advances such as single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography (SPECT/CT) have emerged after the introduction of bone scans. These advanced methods allow tomographic image acquisition and help in attenuation correction with anatomical co-localization. The use of positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) scanners is also on the rise. These PET scanners are mainly utilized with 18F-sodium-fluoride (NaF), in order to visualize the skeleton and possible changes. Moreover, NaF PET/CT is associated with higher tracer uptake, increased target-to-background ratio and has a higher spatial resolution. However, these newer technologies have not been adopted in clinical guidelines due to lack of definite evidence in support of their use in bone metastases cases. The present review article is focused on current perspectives and challenges of computerized tomography (CT) applications in cases of bone metastases during prostate cancer.

scholarly journals A Nordic survey of CT doses in hybrid PET/CT and SPECT/CT examinations

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Bebbington ◽  
Bryan T. Haddock ◽  
Henrik Bertilsson ◽  
Eero Hippeläinen ◽  
Ellen M. Husby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Clinical Purpose ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Abstract Background Computed tomography (CT) scans are routinely performed in positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations globally, yet few surveys have been conducted to gather national diagnostic reference level (NDRL) data for CT radiation doses in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). In this first Nordic-wide study of CT doses in hybrid imaging, Nordic NDRL CT doses are suggested for PET/CT and SPECT/CT examinations specific to the clinical purpose of CT, and the scope for optimisation is evaluated. Data on hybrid imaging CT exposures and clinical purpose of CT were gathered for 5 PET/CT and 8 SPECT/CT examinations via designed booklet. For each included dataset for a given facility and scanner type, the computed tomography dose index by volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) was interpolated for a 75-kg person (referred to as CTDIvol,75kg and DLP75kg). Suggested NDRL (75th percentile) and achievable doses (50th percentile) were determined for CTDIvol,75kg and DLP75kg according to clinical purpose of CT. Differences in maximum and minimum doses (derived for a 75-kg patient) between facilities were also calculated for each examination and clinical purpose. Results Data were processed from 83 scanners from 43 facilities. Data were sufficient to suggest Nordic NDRL CT doses for the following: PET/CT oncology (localisation/characterisation, 15 systems); infection/inflammation (localisation/characterisation, 13 systems); brain (attenuation correction (AC) only, 11 systems); cardiac PET/CT and SPECT/CT (AC only, 30 systems); SPECT/CT lung (localisation/characterisation, 12 systems); bone (localisation/characterisation, 30 systems); and parathyroid (localisation/characterisation, 13 systems). Great variations in dose were seen for all aforementioned examinations. Greatest differences in DLP75kg for each examination, specific to clinical purpose, were as follows: SPECT/CT lung AC only (27.4); PET/CT and SPECT/CT cardiac AC only (19.6); infection/inflammation AC only (18.1); PET/CT brain localisation/characterisation (16.8); SPECT/CT bone localisation/characterisation (10.0); PET/CT oncology AC only (9.0); and SPECT/CT parathyroid localisation/characterisation (7.8). Conclusions Suggested Nordic NDRL CT doses are presented according to clinical purpose of CT for PET/CT oncology, infection/inflammation, brain, PET/CT and SPECT/CT cardiac, and SPECT/CT lung, bone, and parathyroid. The large variation in doses suggests great scope for optimisation in all 8 examinations.

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