scholarly journals Internal Waves Study on a Narrow Steep Shelf of the Black Sea Using the Spatial Antenna of Line Temperature Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Andrey Serebryany ◽  
Elizaveta Khimchenko ◽  
Oleg Popov ◽  
Dmitriy Denisov ◽  
Genrikh Kenigsberger
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Inertial Waves ◽  
Short Waves ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Line Temperature ◽  
Northeastern Coast

The results of investigations into internal waves on a narrow steep shelf of the northeastern coast of the Black Sea are presented here. To measure the parameters of internal waves, the spatial antenna of three autonomous line temperature sensors were equipped in the depth range of 17 to 27 m. In observations that lasted for 10 days, near-inertial internal waves with a period close to 17 h and short-period internal waves with periods of 2–8 min, regularly approaching the coast, were revealed. The wave amplitudes were 4–8 m for inertial waves and 0.5–4 m for short-period internal waves. It was determined that most of the short-period internal waves approached from the southeast direction, from Cape Kodor. A large number of short waves reflected from the coast were also recorded. The intensification of short-period waves with inertial periodicity and the belonging of trains of short waves to crests of inertial waves were identified. In general, it was shown that the internal wave field at a narrow shelf significantly differs in its features from analogs of ordinary shelves of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Internal waves of mode 2 in the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-559
Author(s):  
A. N. Serebryany ◽  
E. E. Khimchenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
Vertical Displacements

The results of the first observations of mode 2 internal waves in the Black Sea are presented. The measurements were carried out on the Crimean shelf from the MGI platform in July 2011. In the period after the sweep, when measurements were taken, firstly mode 1 inertial internal waves were observed, and then mode 2 one. The oscillations of mode 2 were most pronounced in the vertical displacements of the water column, reaching amplitudes of 10 m. The features of mode 2 were also noted in fluctuations of the horizontal component of the currents. Along with the registration of mode 2 inertial internal waves, the appearance of short-period internal waves of mode 2 was also noted.

scholarly journals Short-period internal waves on the steep shelf of the Вlack sea in summer 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Khimchenko ◽  
Andrey Serebryany ◽  
Anastasia Konukhova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Solitary Waves ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Short Period

The results of the analysis of data on observation of short-period internal waves on the northeastern shelf of the Black Sea in June 2018 are presented. The study area is distinguished by a narrow shelf with a sharp drop in depths, the bottom slope is 23°. The measurements were carried out from the stationary marine platform of The Institute of Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Abkhazian Republic, where the depth of the site reaches 13 m. An anchored station was installed, equipped with autonomous point temperature sensors at a depth of 52 m. At the platform, the variability of the sea temperature structure was monitored using point temperature sensors, an autonomous line temperature sensor (LTS), and vertical hourly profiling using a probe. In addition, coastal currents were measured by the acoustic Doppler current profiler ADCP equipped near the platform. As a result of the analysis, a frequent approach of near-inertial internal waves close to the coast was revealed. Trains of short-period internal waves and solitary waves related to the first mode, as well as individual manifestations of internal waves of the second mode, were recorded. Examples of observed waves and their parameters are given. During the entire observation period, internal waves with a period of 5–10 min and a height of 1–2 m were most often recorded. Solitary waves were distinguished by a large period and height. It was found that short-period internal waves at the measurement site are predominantly tied to near-inertial internal waves which approach the coast.

Intensive Internal Waves with Anomalous Heights in the Black Sea Shelf Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Bondur ◽  
A. N. Serebryany ◽  
V. V. Zamshin ◽  
L. L. Tarasov ◽  
E. E. Khimchenko
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Shelf Area

scholarly journals On the possible presence of oxygen in the upper sediment layer of the hydrogen sulfide zone in the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
P. A. Stunzhas ◽  
M. B. Gulin ◽  
A. G. Zatsepin ◽  
E. A. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Bottom Water Layer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

In the northeastern Black Sea the search was performed for living eukaryotic organisms (micro- and meiobenthos) in hypoxic and anoxic conditions as well as measurement of O2 in the bottom water layer and in the upper layer of sediments. The results have shown the presence of a deep maximum abundance of zoobenthos in a depth range of 215–244 m. This aggregation of benthic fauna occupies a layer of 30 m along the vertical. In general, the proportion of active meiobenthos was no greater than 1.5% of the total number of organisms recorded from the sample.The presence of aerobic benthos near the upper boundary of the H2S zone can be explained by: sliding down of sediments from a higher depth; quasi-periodic O2 supply due to fluctuations in the position of the isopycna and/or sinking of waters downslope in the bottom Ekman layer. Also, in the case of physical entry of oxygen into the bottom layer, it can remain for a relatively long time in the upper part of the H2S zone due to the lack of deep Mn+2 flux and reaction with it.

scholarly journals Consorts of gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in the Northern Black Sea. Part I: Porifera, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Chordata

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Bondarev ◽  
N. K. Revkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Rapana Venosa ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rapa Whelk

Gastropod mollusk-invader Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in the 1940s took a free ecological niche terminal predator in benthic communities of the Black Sea shelf and has become an important element of the ecosystem. The ability of rapa whelk to have a devastating impact on the biocenosis filter feeders determines the necessity of constant monitoring of this species populations’ state. The study of rapa whelk showed that the ecological role of this species is not limited to predation. Fairly large shell R. venosa is a solid substrate for alga, attached and restrictedly movable (sedentary) benthic animal organisms, among which mobile free-living forms sometimes find shelter. The aim of the work is to describe specific complex of epibiotic organisms formed on rapa-whelk shells, which is regarded as a consortium, where of R. venosa is the core. To study the consort community of R. venosa a sampling was made in 7 regions of the northern part of the Black Sea: 1 – Mamaia beach, Romania, 2 – the north-western part of the Black Sea (NWBS), Crimean sector, 3 – Sevastopol, 4 – Alupka, 5 – Yalta – Alushta, 6 – Karadag, 7 – the Kerch Strait. The sampling in the coastal zone (less then 15 m depth) was carried out by SCUBA and snorkel diving, deeper (up to 40 m) was used “Ocean-50”grab corer was used. Totally of 856 specimens of R. venosa were collected and analyzed. The main bulk of the material in the amount of 750 specimens of R. venosa was sampled in the coastal zone in Sevastopol vicinity (south-western Crimea) at the depth range of 1.5–10.0 m. The collection of the rapa whelk specimens was carried out totally and each specimen was placed in a separate plastic bag indicating the collection area, depth and biotope. Along with the mollusks sampling, visual observations and photographic fixation of hydrobionts in situ were carried out. Based on the research results the taxonomic list of rapa whelk epibiotic organisms was extended and for the first time the taxonomic composition of the mobile forms permanently or temporarily present in the R. venosa consortium was given. The first part of the investigation provides a list of rapa whelk epibionts taxa relating to four (Porifera, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Chordata) of the seven detected Phyla with indication of sampling depths and bottom type and comments on the frequency of occurrence, the quantity and of their interaction with the consortium core. Phylum Porifera is represented by 1, Bryozoa – 3 Cnidaria – 2 and Chordata – 4 species. The drilling sponge Pione vastifica was found in all the investigated areas, except region 2 (NWBS), with a frequency of 20 to 90 % and the shell surface area damage was up to 100 % (average 30–35 %). Not numerous representatives of Cnidaria were found singly in the region 3 (Actinia equina) and in the region 5 (Diadumene lineata). Bryozoans are the most common group of animal-consorts of rapa whelk present in all the areas of our research. The frequency of their occurrence ranged from 10 to 100 %, the covering area of the shell surface was from 0 to 85 %. More than 90 % of the total surface area of rapana shell cover with bryozoans and their occurrence is in Cryptosula pallasiana. The second bryozoans’ species on development indices is Conopeum seurati, which was found in areas 3, 6 and 7, where the occurrence was up to 30 % and the coverage was up to 25 %. The other 3 species of bryozoans (Schizomavella auriculata, Bowerbankia imbricata, Hippothoa sp.) were found rarely. Representatives of Chordata – 2 species of ascidians (Botryllus schlosseri, Ciona intestinalis) and 3 species of fish (Diplecogaster bimaculata, Parablennius tentacularis, Scorpaena porcus) were recorded singly in regions 2, 3, 5. For the four Phyla of animal organisms considered the consorts list of R. venosa of the sandy bottom biotopes (10 species) is twice more numerous than that of the rocky eco-form (5 species). The organisms studied are of a different degree and nature of relations with the core consortium from commensalism to parasitism. Generalized information on periphyton and total coverage of rapa whelk shells with epibiotic complex is given. The results of the work show that in the Black Sea R. venosa has become an important element of the ecosystem, increasing biological diversity of the bottom fauna due to the formation of its own consortium complexes of epibiontic organisms.

Internal solitons on the Black Sea shelf: observation of waves of record amplitudes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Serebryany ◽  
Valeriy Bondur ◽  
Viktor Zamshin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Waves ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
First Time

<p>When conducting work in the fall of 2015 on the Black Sea northeast shelf, we recorded internal waves, the unusualness of which attracts special attention for the following reasons. For the first time in 40 years of internal waves observations in the Black Sea, such high waves with amplitudes of 14–16 m were measured. The generation of these anomalous waves was connected with a cold atmospheric front passing over the sea. It was the first experimental evidence in the sea of such mechanism for internal waves generation. The observed internal waves had a clear seen character of nonlinear soliton-like waves.</p><p>We met the train of internal solitons during a sub-satellite survey conducted in the sea from a motor yacht equipped with ADCP “Rio Grande 600 kHz” in the waters near Cape Tolsty. The train was found at a point of the sea with a depth of 33 m and then was recorded on seven multidirectional tacks oriented normal to the coast. It moved across the shelf to the coast along the bottom thermocline, while the bottom currents accompanying it had a northwestern coastal orientation. The train included four waves of a soliton-like shape with sharpened crests and flattened troughs. Their lengths were 100-110 m, heights up to 14-16 m, vertical velocities in orbital currents reached 0.15-0.20 m/s. Another property of nonlinear waves was also expressed - the amplitude ranking of waves in the train. Traced on successive tacks for 2.5 hours, internal waves had preserved the soliton-like shape and as well the strong vertical component in their orbital currents. Despite the fact that the train was moving along the bottom thermocline, the effect of internal waves was sufficient to appear on satellite radar images of the sea surface of the study area. The performed processing of satellite images confirmed the wave parameters measured by contact methods.  An interesting fact of a long accompaniment of internal solitons by a school of fish was discovered. Fishes were concentrated in areas where internal waves carried the components of fish food supply to the surface from the bottom layers. The work was partially supported by RFBR grant 19- 05-00715.</p>

Numerical simulation of storm waves near the northeastern coast of the Black Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Myslenkov ◽  
A. A. Shestakova ◽  
P. A. Toropov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Northeastern Coast

scholarly journals CURRENT VIEWS ON THE DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF DEEP-WATER MEIOBENTHOS AT THE TURKISH SHELF (BLACK SEA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Nelli G. Sergeeva ◽  
Derya Ürkmez
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
High Level

Deep-water meiobenthos of Turkish shelf has been evaluated at the Black Sea exit of İstanbul Strait (Bosphorus) and off Sinop peninsula as a result of three scientific cruises. Taxonomic diversity of meiobenthos communities was studied at the Black Sea exit of Bosphorus on a transect with a depth range of 75-300 m. The bottom sediments were collected at the area during two cruises, on board RV "Arar'' (of Turkey) and ''Maria S. Merian" (of Germany) in November 2009 and April 2010, respectively. Data on meiobenthos inhabiting both normoxic and extreme conditions was collected in the studied area and meiobenthos composition included 26 high level taxa. In addition, 2-3 morphotypes of benthic fauna were recorded as incertae sedis, which require further study. The number of higher taxa decreased from 22 to 14-8 when switching from oxygenic conditions (50-125 m) to the anoxic hydrogen sulphide environment (226-300 m). The constant components of meiobenthos included protists (Ciliophora, Gromiidea and soft-shelled Foraminifera), and metazoans were constantly represented by Nematoda and Harpacticoida. In 2011, a quantitative study on meiobenthic composition of the oxic/anoxic interface at the western part off Sinop Peninsula (Southern Black Sea) has also been investigated. The material was collected by ROVs during the expedition (Black Sea Leg) of the exploration vessel (E/V) Nautilus. Results showed that the taxa composition of meiobenthos ranged from 4 to 10 major groups. Free-living marine nematodes were numerically the dominant taxon at each station. Total abundances decreased in parallel to increasing water depth, hence decreasing oxygen levels.

scholarly journals Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr. in the Black Sea Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Sanem Bulam ◽  
Nebahat Şule Üstün ◽  
Aysun Pekşen
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Polyporus Squamosus

Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr., also named as Aladana, Peri Semeri, Pullu Mantar in varying by localities of Turkey, is an edible wild mushroom species widely existed in the mycobiota of the Black Sea Region. It has not been sold in the local markets. The public recognition of this mushroom may change locally in the Black Sea Region. It is widely consumed by the people in some parts of the region. It is usually appeared in the nature during May-September on the logs, dead and living trunks of the deciduous trees. Following the rainy period, it grows so fast and can produce a few kilograms fruit body within a short period. It is delicious and precious as much as meat for the nutritional value, especially during early growth stage. In this review, general knowledge on the morphological and ecological characteristics, nutritional value and medicinal properties of P. squamosus mushroom and some study results on the domestication of this mushroom have been presented in order to improve the public awareness and its consumption.

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