scholarly journals Drawing System with Dobot Magician Manipulator Based on Image Processing

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Pu-Sheng Tsai ◽  
Ter-Feng Wu ◽  
Jen-Yang Chen ◽  
Fu-Hsing Lee

In this paper, the robot arm Dobot Magician and the Raspberry Pi development platform were used to integrate image processing and robot-arm drawing. For this system, the Python language built into Raspberry Pi was used as the working platform, and the real-time image stream collected by the camera was used to determine the contour pixel coordinates of image objects. We then performed gray-scale processing, image binarization, and edge detection. This paper proposes an edge-point sequential arrangement method, which arranges the edge pixel coordinates of each object in an orderly manner and places them in a set. Orderly arrangement means that the pixels in the set are arranged counterclockwise to the closed curve of the object shape. This arrangement simplifies the complexity of subsequent image processing and calculation of the drawing path. The number of closed curves represents the number of strokes in the drawing of the manipulator. In order to reduce the complexity of the drawing of the manipulator, a fewer number of closed curves will be necessary. To achieve this goal, we not only propose the 8-NN (abbreviation for eight-nearest-neighbor) search, but also use to the 16-NN search and the 24-NN search methods. Drawing path points are then converted into drawing coordinates for the Dobot Magician through the Raspberry Pi platform. The structural design of the Dobot reduces the complexity of the experiment, and its attitude and positioning control can be accurately carried out through the built-in API function or the underlying communication protocol, which is more suitable for drawing applications than other fixed-point manipulators. Experimental results show that the 24-NN search method can effectively reduce the number of closed curves and the number of strokes drawn by the manipulator.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Hargreaves ◽  
Matthew Dyer ◽  
Michael Gaultois ◽  
Vitaliy Kurlin ◽  
Matthew J Rosseinsky

It is a core problem in any field to reliably tell how close two objects are to being the same, and once this relation has been established we can use this information to precisely quantify potential relationships, both analytically and with machine learning (ML). For inorganic solids, the chemical composition is a fundamental descriptor, which can be represented by assigning the ratio of each element in the material to a vector. These vectors are a convenient mathematical data structure for measuring similarity, but unfortunately, the standard metric (the Euclidean distance) gives little to no variance in the resultant distances between chemically dissimilar compositions. We present the Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) for inorganic compositions, a well-defined metric which enables the measure of chemical similarity in an explainable fashion. We compute the EMD between two compositions from the ratio of each of the elements and the absolute distance between the elements on the modified Pettifor scale. This simple metric shows clear strength at distinguishing compounds and is efficient to compute in practice. The resultant distances have greater alignment with chemical understanding than the Euclidean distance, which is demonstrated on the binary compositions of the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD). The EMD is a reliable numeric measure of chemical similarity that can be incorporated into automated workflows for a range of ML techniques. We have found that with no supervision the use of this metric gives a distinct partitioning of binary compounds into clear trends and families of chemical property, with future applications for nearest neighbor search queries in chemical database retrieval systems and supervised ML techniques.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Meng-Hao Guo ◽  
Jun-Xiong Cai ◽  
Zheng-Ning Liu ◽  
Tai-Jiang Mu ◽  
Ralph R. Martin ◽  
...  

AbstractThe irregular domain and lack of ordering make it challenging to design deep neural networks for point cloud processing. This paper presents a novel framework named Point Cloud Transformer (PCT) for point cloud learning. PCT is based on Transformer, which achieves huge success in natural language processing and displays great potential in image processing. It is inherently permutation invariant for processing a sequence of points, making it well-suited for point cloud learning. To better capture local context within the point cloud, we enhance input embedding with the support of farthest point sampling and nearest neighbor search. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the PCT achieves the state-of-the-art performance on shape classification, part segmentation, semantic segmentation, and normal estimation tasks.


2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Papadopoulos ◽  
Lixing Wang ◽  
Yin Yang ◽  
Dimitris Papadias ◽  
Panagiotis Karras

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjun Deng ◽  
Shiru Qu

There are many short-term road travel time forecasting studies based on time series, but indeed, road travel time not only relies on the historical travel time series, but also depends on the road and its adjacent sections history flow. However, few studies have considered that. This paper is based on the correlation of flow spatial distribution and the road travel time series, applying nearest neighbor and nonparametric regression method to build a forecasting model. In aspect of spatial nearest neighbor search, three different space distances are defined. In addition, two forecasting functions are introduced: one combines the forecasting value by mean weight and the other uses the reciprocal of nearest neighbors distance as combined weight. Three different distances are applied in nearest neighbor search, which apply to the two forecasting functions. For travel time series, the nearest neighbor and nonparametric regression are applied too. Then minimizing forecast error variance is utilized as an objective to establish the combination model. The empirical results show that the combination model can improve the forecast performance obviously. Besides, the experimental results of the evaluation for the computational complexity show that the proposed method can satisfy the real-time requirement.


IEEE Access ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 72939-72951
Author(s):  
Mingwei Cao ◽  
Wei Jia ◽  
Zhihan Lv ◽  
Wenjun Xie ◽  
Liping Zheng ◽  
...  

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