scholarly journals Crypthecodinium cohnii Growth and Omega Fatty Acid Production in Mediums Supplemented with Extract from Recycled Biomass

Marine Drugs ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Elina Didrihsone ◽  
Konstantins Dubencovs ◽  
Mara Grube ◽  
Karlis Shvirksts ◽  
Anastasija Suleiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Pure Ethanol ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Crypthecodinium Cohnii ◽  
Specific Biomass

Crypthecodinium cohnii is a marine heterotrophic dinoflagellate that can accumulate high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and thus has the potential to replace conventional PUFAs production with eco-friendlier technology. So far, C. cohnii cultivation has been mainly carried out with the use of yeast extract (YE) as a nitrogen source. In the present study, alternative carbon and nitrogen sources were studied: the extraction ethanol (EE), remaining after lipid extraction, as a carbon source, and dinoflagellate extract (DE) from recycled algae biomass C. cohnii as a source of carbon, nitrogen, and vitamins. In mediums with glucose and DE, the highest specific biomass growth rate reached a maximum of 1.012 h−1, while the biomass yield from substrate reached 0.601 g·g−1. EE as the carbon source, in comparison to pure ethanol, showed good results in terms of stimulating the biomass growth rate (an 18.5% increase in specific biomass growth rate was observed). DE supplement to the EE-based mediums promoted both the biomass growth (the specific growth rate reached 0.701 h−1) and yield from the substrate (0.234 g·g−1). The FTIR spectroscopy data showed that mediums supplemented with EE or DE promoted the accumulation of PUFAs/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), when compared to mediums containing glucose and commercial YE.

scholarly journals Chemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Characteristics of Different Food Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacrimioara Senila ◽  
Emilia Neag ◽  
Oana Cadar ◽  
Melinda Haydee Kovacs ◽  
Anca Becze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of five different food seeds (sunflower, poppy, hemp, flax and sesame) regarding fatty acid, mineral (Fe, Cu, Zn, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Al) and protein content. In addition, the total antioxidant capacity of the seeds was evaluated using the photochemiluminescent assay. The food seeds were subjected to lipid extraction and converted into fatty acid methyl esters before the gas chromatography analysis. In all food seeds, the saturated (SFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were identified, respectively. PUFAs were the most abundant fatty acids (61.2% ± 0.07% and 84.8% ± 0.08% of total fatty acids), with the highest content in flax and hemp seed oil. Also, high amounts of omega-3 from PUFAs were determined in flax and hempseed oil. Based on the obtained results the sunflower, sesame and poppy seeds are good sources of omega-6, while flax and hemp seeds are good sources of omega-3. All samples are rich in minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and have more than 20% protein content.

scholarly journals Producing Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Review of Sustainable Sources and Future Trends for the EPA and DHA Market

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Laura Oliver ◽  
Thomas Dietrich ◽  
Izaskun Marañón ◽  
Maria Carmen Villarán ◽  
Ramón J. Barrio
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Main Challenge

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3 PUFA) are recognized as being essential compounds for human nutrition and health. The human body generates only low levels of Omega-3 PUFA. Conventional sources of Omega-3 PUFA are from marine origin. However, the global growth of population combined with a better consumer understanding about healthy nutrition leads to the fact that traditional sources are exhausted and therefore not enough to satisfy the demand of Omega-3 PUFA for human diet as well as aquaculture. Microalgae cultivated under heterotrophic conditions is increasingly recognized as a suitable technology for the production of the Omega-3 PUFA. The high cost of using glucose as main carbon source for cultivation is the main challenge to establish economical feasible production processes. The latest relevant studies provide alternative pathways for Omega-3 PUFA production. As preliminary results show, volatile fatty acids (VFA) recovered from waste stream could be a good alternative to the use of glucose as carbon source in microalgae cultivation. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the actual situation of Omega-3 PUFA production, sources and market request to provide a summary on sustainable sources that are being investigated as well as present and future market trends in Omega-3 market.

scholarly journals PSII-17 Effect of supplementing algae to heifers during breeding and early gestation on growth and reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
Griffin Nicholls ◽  
Bethany Funnell ◽  
Kara R Stewart ◽  
Ron Lemenager ◽  
Brian Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Hormonal Analysis

Abstract Algae biomass provides a consistent source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, that could be used to alter hormonal profiles and improve reproduction of beef heifers. Eighty-eight Angus × Simmental heifers (427 ± 1.8 kg) were blocked by BW and allotted to 2 treatments (44/treatment, 4 pens/treatment, 11 heifers/pen). Control heifers were fed a diet that contained (DM basis) 52.8% mixed grass silage, 32% corn silage, and 15.2% concentrate. DHAgold (49% fat; 21.8% DHA; DSM Inc.) was included in the algae diet DM at 1.65%, replacing equal parts of corn and DDGS. Diets were formulated to contain 12% CP and 0.79 Mcal/kg NEg. Heifers were fed treatment diets from 54 d prior to the breeding season through the first trimester. Follicular fluid was collected on day 47 for hormonal analysis. Artificial insemination (AI) breeding was from d 55 to 98, after which open heifers were removed to 1 control and 1 algae pen and placed with a bull. The study ended on d 180. Performance data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure and conception data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Dominant follicle diameter and follicular estrogen concentration were unaffected by the treatment (P ≥ 0.12). Follicular insulin-like growth factor-1 was greater in algae compared to control heifers (P = 0.03). During the pre-breeding period, algae heifers had lesser DMI (P = 0.006) compared to control heifers. Heifers supplemented with algae had greater ADG (P = 0.03) during the breeding period and BW tended to be greater for algae compared to control heifers on d 98 and 180 (P ≤ 0.07). First service conception rate did not differ between treatments (P = 0.67); however, second service tended (P = 0.08) and overall conception was (P = 0.03) lesser in algae compared to control heifers. These data suggest supplementing DHA-rich algae improved growth but decreased conception rates of beef heifers.

A comparison between ethanol and methanol as carbon sources for denitrification

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Christensson ◽  
Ewa Lie ◽  
Thomas Welander
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Adaptation Time ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Short Time

Ethanol and methanol were compared for their performance as carbon sources for denitrification. The study was carried out in two chemostats, operated in parallel on synthetic media containing ethanol and methanol respectively as carbon sources. In addition, pure culture studies were performed on one ethanol- and one methanol-utilizing denitrifier. Ethanol was found to be considerably more readily available as a carbon source for denitrification than was methanol. An efficient denitrification with ethanol was established in a short time, while denitrification with methanol required a substantial adaptation time and never showed the same stability as denitrification with ethanol. The growth rate of denitrifiers with ethanol as carbon source was 2–3 times higher than with methanol. The amount of COD required to denitrify a certain amount of nitrate was somewhat lower for ethanol (3.85 g/gN) than for methanol (4.45 g/gN) in the continuous experiments, while it was considerably higher for ethanol (6.1 g/gN) than for methanol (4.1 g/gN) in pure culture batch cultivations.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Feasibility ofMicrocystis aeruginosaas a Feedstock for Bioethanol Production under the Influence of Various Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Moon Geon Lee ◽  
Hyo Jin Seo ◽  
Jin Hyuk Shin ◽  
Tai Sun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Different Types

Microcystis aeruginosa, a freshwater microalga, is capable of producing and accumulating different types of sugars in its biomass which make it a good feedstock for bioethanol production. Present study aims to investigate the effect of different factors increasing growth rate and carbohydrates productivity ofM. aeruginosa. MF media (modified BG11 media) and additional ingredients such as aminolevulinic acid (2 mM), lysine (2.28 mM), alanine (1 mM), and Naphthalene acetic acid (1 mM) as cytokine promotedM. aeruginosagrowth and sugar contents.Salmonellashowed growth-assisting effect onM. aeruginosa. Enhanced growth rate and carbohydrates contents were observed inM. aeruginosaculture grown at 25°C under red LED light of 90 μmolm−2s−1intensity. More greenish and carbohydrates richM. aeruginosabiomass was prepared (final OD660 nm= 2.21 and sugar contents 10.39 mM/mL) as compared to control (maximum OD660 nm= 1.4 and sugar contents 3 mM/mL). The final algae biomass was converted to algae juice through a specific pretreatment method. The resulted algae Juice was used as a substrate in fermentation process. Highest yield of bioethanol (50 mM/mL) was detected whenBrettanomyces custersainus,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, andPichia stipitiswere used in combinations for fermentation process as compared to their individual fermentation. The results indicated the influence of different factors on the growth rate and carbohydrates productivity ofM. aeruginosaand its feasibility as a feedstock for fermentative ethanol production.

Nutritional requirements for chloramphenicol biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chatterjee ◽  
L. C. Vining ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Streptomyces Venezuelae ◽  
Lactate Medium ◽  
Inoculation Procedure ◽  
Medium Preparation

Cultures grown in a glycerol serine lactate medium were used to establish the inoculation procedure, aeration level, and trace-mineral nutrition optimizing chloramphenicol production in Streptomyces venezuelae. The stimulatory effect of lactate in this medium was concluded not to be an artifact of medium preparation but to reside in its influence on carbon-source utilization. In media with ammonium sulfate as a nonrestricting source of nitrogen, chloramphenicol production varied with the carbon source chosen. Production occurred during the growth phase and was highest on galactose, lactose, cellobiose, and starch. The rate of synthesis was related directed to the growth rate and decreased in the stationary phase. Variation of the nitrogen source with glucose as a nonrestricting source of carbon showed that the highest antibiotic titres were obtained with poorly utilized compounds such as isoleucine or phenylalanine. Proline gave yields comparable with those obtained in the more complex glycerol serine lactate medium in a shorter time. Although rate of growth is not the sole determining parameter, chloramphenicol synthesis is concluded to be a "growth-linked" process.

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