scholarly journals Serum Metabonomic Research of the Anti-Hypertensive Effects of Ogaja on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Young-Seob Lee ◽  
Kyung-Sook Han ◽  
Donghwi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus

Our previous studies have shown that Ogaja Acanthopanax sessiliflorus has an important role in decreasing blood pressure, but its biochemical change characteristic has not been clarified completely at the metabolic level. Therefore, in this study, a combination method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabonomics and multivariate statistical analyses was employed to explore the metabolic changes of serum samples from spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with Ogaja extracts. In the results of multivariate statistical analysis, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) groups treated with Ogaja were separated from the SHR group. The group of SHR treated with 200 mg/kg Ogaja was clustered with the positive control (captopril) group, and the 400 and 600 mg/kg Ogaja treatment SHR groups were clustered together. Quantified metabolites were statistically analyzed to find the metabolites showing the effects of Ogaja. Succinate and betaine had variable importance in projection (VIP) scores over 2.0. Succinate, which is related to renin release, and betaine, which is related to lowering blood pressure, increased dose-dependently.

scholarly journals Piper sarmentosum Leaves Aqueous Extract Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fatimatuzzahra Hashim Fauzy ◽  
Maizura Mohd Zainudin ◽  
Hidayatul Radziah Ismawi ◽  
Taher F. T. Elshami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Endothelin System

Piper sarmentosum is a tropical plant in Southeast Asia known for its traditional use in curing various ailments including hypertension. Previous research works have provided evidence for the herb’s antihypertensive property. However, the exact mechanisms involved are still in question. The present study investigated the effects of Piper sarmentosum leaves aqueous extract (PSAE) treatment on vascular endothelin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Four groups of SHRs were treated for 28 consecutive days, with negative and positive control groups receiving distilled water and 3 mg/kg perindopril, respectively. Another two groups are the treatment groups, which received PSAE and combination of 1.5 mg/kg perindopril and PSAE. Weekly measurements of blood pressure showed that PSAE significantly reduced the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures (P<0.05) of the rats. PSAE also increased mesenteric artery nitric oxide (NO) level (P<0.05) and reduced endothelin-1 (ET-1) level (P<0.05) in the treatment groups. Our results demonstrate that oral administration of PSAE reduced blood pressure in SHRs by reducing the ET-1 level while increasing NO production.

Effect of Curcuma Herbs on Vasomotion and Hemorheology in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirozo Goto ◽  
Yohei Sasaki ◽  
Hirotoshi Fushimi ◽  
Naotoshi Shibahara ◽  
Yutaka Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Low Shear Stress

Curcuma herbs have a vasodilator effect. The effects of C. longa, which induces only endothelium-independent vasodilatation, and C. zedoaria, which induces both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatation, were studied on vasomotion and hemorheology in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Spontaneously hypertensive eight-week-old male rats were assigned to five groups. For 12 weeks, the control group received standard chow. The 3%CL (C. longa) group received standard chow containing 3% (wt/wt) C. longa. The 1%CZ and 3%CZ (C. zedoaria) groups received standard chow containing 1% and 3% (wt/wt) C. zedoaria, respectively. The captoril group received standard chow and 100 mg/kg/day of captoril in drinking water. Blood pressure, vasomotion, hemorheology, etc. were examined. Systolic blood pressure of the 3%CZ and captoril groups decreased significantly as compared to the control group. Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations of the 3%CZ and captoril groups were increased to a greater degree, significantly, than the control group. When testing xanthine oxidase-induced contraction, the 3%CZ group was significantly decreased as compared to the control group. Low shear stress of whole blood viscosity showed the 3%CL and 3%CZ groups to be decreased significantly compared to the control group. Thus, Curcuma herbs have hypotensive and protective effect on the endothelium in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Especially, C. zedoaria is more effective than C.longa, and its mechanism is thought to be related to a radical scavenging effect and improvement of hemorheology.

Microvascular Effects of Echinodorus grandiflorus on Cardiovascular Disorders

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (06) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Gomes ◽  
André M. Marques ◽  
Obadia Nathalie ◽  
Marcos Adriano Lessa ◽  
Eduardo Tibiriçá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Microvascular Blood Flow ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Echinodorus grandiflorus is a semiaquatic plant native to Brazil and belongs to the Alismataceae family. Infusion preparations of the leaves of this plant are often used due to its diuretic, blood pressure lowering, and anti-inflammatory properties. Our aim was to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with the crude hydroalcoholic extract of E. grandiflorus on central and peripheral microvascular changes induced in a model of hypertension and diabetes. The hemodynamic and microvascular effects of E. grandiflorus extract (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day for 28 days) or the isolated major diterpene from E. grandiflorus (3 to 10 mg/kg i. v.) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats using tail plethysmography and intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy, respectively, and were compared to vehicle-treated normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. We also investigated the protective effects of chronic treatment with E. grandiflorus (100 mg/kg/day) in brain capillary density and leukocyte-endothelium interactions on the brain vessels of DM-spontaneously (DM: diabetes mellitus) hypertensive rats. Chronically treating spontaneously hypertensive rats with increasing doses of crude hydroalcoholic E. grandiflorus extract resulted in significant dose-dependent reductions in systolic blood pressure and an anti-inflammatory effect on the brain microcirculation of DM-spontaneously hypertensive rat animals. Using laser speckle contrast imaging, we observed that intravenous administration of the major isolated clerodane diterpene metabolite (1 – 10 mg/kg) increased microvascular blood flow by 25% in spontaneously hypertensive rat skeletal muscle. The results of this study show that E. grandiflorus extracts can be useful in the prevention and reduction of microcirculatory damage in arterial hypertension and other diseases that involve microvascular dysfunction.

Blood pressure QTL that differentiate Dahl salt-sensitive and spontaneously hypertensive rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL R. GARRETT ◽  
YASSER SAAD ◽  
HOWARD DENE ◽  
JOHN P. RAPP
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hypertensive Rat ◽  
A Genome ◽  
S Allele

Garrett, Michael R., Yasser Saad, Howard Dene, and John P. Rapp. Blood pressure QTL that differentiate Dahl salt-sensitive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Genomics 3: 33–38, 2000.—Our purpose was to define quantitative trait loci (QTL) for blood pressure that differ between two widely used hypertensive rat strains, the Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat and the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). A genome scan was done on an F2 (S × SHR) population fed 8% NaCl for 4 wk. Three blood pressure QTL were detected, one on each of rat chromosomes (chr) 3, 8, and 9. For the chr 3 QTL the SHR allele increased blood pressure, and for chr 8 and 9 the S allele increased blood pressure. The QTL on chr 9 was exceptionally strong, having a LOD score of 7.3 and accounting for 30% of the phenotypic variance and a difference of 40 mmHg between homozygotes. A review of the literature in conjunction with the present data suggests that S and SHR are not different for the previously described prominent blood pressure QTL on chr 1, 2, 10, and 13. QTL for body weight on chr 4, 12, 18, and 20, each with an effect of about 30 g, were incidentally observed.

scholarly journals LC–MS-Based Lipidomic Analysis of Serum Samples from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with an Extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Fruits

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3269
Author(s):  
Dae Young Lee ◽  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
Hyoung-Geun Kim ◽  
Min-Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus ◽  
Pooled Samples ◽  
Altered Lipid

Recently, lipidomics has revealed that many diseases are highly associated with altered lipid metabolism, as in the case of hypertension affecting serum lipid metabolism. In this study, an LC–MS-based lipidomic approach was used to profile serum lipids in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) treated with an extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruits (ASF), to elucidate the serum lipid metabolism alteration by hypertension and the treatment of a drug or ASF. First, UPLC-QTOF/MS profiled a total of 208 lipids from six pooled samples of normal controls, SHR, SHR + 100 mg/kg of drug, and SHR + ASF 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg. These six groups were differentiated by the PCA and sPLS–DA, and 120 lipid species were identified as differentially regulated lipids (DRLs) by ANOVA (p values < 0.05). Second, UPLC–QqQ/MS was used for the target profiling of 120 DRLs from individual samples of the six groups. Using an ANOVA, 67 lipids (38 TGs, 4 DGs, 17 PCs, 2 PEs, and 6 LPCs) were selected as validated DRLs. The mostly altered lipids, such as TG (62:13), TG (60:13), PC (34:4), PC (36:5), and PC (38:2), were decreased in SHR compared to the normal control, and received little by treatment with ASF. These results demonstrated the correlation between hypertension and serum lipid metabolism. Furthermore, both drug and ASF treatment similarly altered the lipid profiles of SHRs. Finally, we found that DRLs have the potential to help us to interpret the lipid metabolism of hypertension.

Cell Membrane Microviscosity and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase Activity do Not Contribute to Hypertension in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert I Norman ◽  
Navtej Achall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Membrane Microviscosity ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Model

1. The relationships between systolic blood pressure and altered erythrocyte Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity and membrane microviscosity were assessed in membranes prepared from 20-week-old female Wistar-Kyoto normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats obtained from two different sources (Charles River and Harlan OLAC) and a second filial (F2) generation derived from a cross between Wistar-Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats from one source (Charles River). 2. Spontaneously hypertensive rats from both sources had systolic blood pressures significantly higher than those of Wistar-Kyoto animals (P <0.05; 151 + 4 and 110 + 3 mmHg, Charles River; 155 + 4 and 122 + 4 mmHg, Harlan OLAC). The systolic blood pressures for the F2 rat population ranged between 73 and 168 mmHg. 3. Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity was measured as ATP-dependent 45Ca2+ uptake into inside-out vesicles and microviscosity assessed by the measurement of polarization anisotropy of membrane incorporated fluorescent probes including 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, trimethylamino-1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and a series of anthroyloxy fatty acids. 4. Contrary to previous studies, no relationship between adult systolic blood pressure and erythrocyte Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity or general or localized membrane microviscosity was indicated by the comparison of spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto animals or in the analysis of the F2 rat population. 5. These results suggest that Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity and membrane microviscosity are causally unrelated to hypertension in these animals. On the assumption that biophysical properties of the erythrocyte membrane reflect those of smooth muscle, our results suggest that membrane alteration does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model.

scholarly journals Serum Metabolomics Study Based on LC-MS and Antihypertensive Effect of Uncaria on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Liu ◽  
Yan-Jun Chu ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Ruixue Yu ◽  
Haiqiang Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Tof Ms

Our previous studies have shown that Uncaria has an important role in lowering blood pressure, but its intervention mechanism has not been clarified completely in the metabolic level. Therefore, in this study, a combination method of HPLC-TOF/MS-based metabolomics and multivariate statistical analyses was employed to explore the mechanism and evaluate the antihypertensive effect of Uncaria. Serum samples were analyzed and identified by HPLC-TOF/MS, while the acquired data was further processed by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to discover the perturbed metabolites. A clear cluster among the different groups was obtained, and 7 significantly changed potential biomarkers were screened out. These biomarkers were mainly associated with lipid metabolism (dihydroceramide, ceramide, PC, LysoPC, and TXA2) and vitamin and amino acids metabolism (nicotinamide riboside, 5-HTP). The result indicated that Uncaria could decrease the blood pressure effectively, partially by regulating the above biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Analyzing and verifying the specific biomarkers, further understanding of the therapeutic mechanism and antihypertensive effect of Uncaria was acquired. Metabolomics provided a new insight into estimate of the therapeutic effect and dissection of the potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating hypertension.

Response of blood pressure and cardiac myosin polymorphism to swimming training in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1098-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Rupp ◽  
Ruthard Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Myosin V ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Myosin Isoenzyme

Cardiac muscle can adapt to different functional demands, as evidenced by polymorphism of myosin. Pressure load in spontaneously hypertensive rats induced a shift of the myosin isoenzymes towards myosin V3 (18% V1, 27% V2, 55% V3) relative to normotensive Wistar rats (49% V1, 29% V2, 22% V3). A swimming routine with Wistar rats resulted in a shift towards myosin V1 (72% V1, 18% V2, 10% V3). The training effect is not restricted to normotensive rats, since spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to the same swimming routine exhibited a myosin isoenzyme pattern (38% V1, 31% V2, 31% V3) approaching that of the sedentary Wistar rats. Swimming training can, therefore, prevent the myosin isoenzyme redistribution towards myosin V3 found in sedentary spontaneously hypertensive rats. Furthermore, systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced (130 ± 8 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa)) in the swim-trained compared with the sedentary spontaneously hypertensive rats (157 ± 12 mmHg). The training-induced changes in myosin polymorphism and systolic blood pressure are, at least partially, attributed to substantially normalized sympathetic activity. The functional relevance of swimming training in the spontaneously hypertensive rat is seen in the increased potential of coping with situations requiring fast contraction which may occur during sudden physical exertion or emotional stress.

Corticosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation correlates with blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. F927-F931 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Watlington ◽  
L. B. Kramer ◽  
E. G. Schuetz ◽  
J. Zilai ◽  
W. M. Grogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Selective Inhibitor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Human Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Evidence for increased glucocorticoid 6 beta-hydroxylation (enhanced family 3A cytochrome P-450 activity) is found in certain reversible forms of human hypertension. This association was investigated in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The proportion of injected [3H]corticosterone excreted in urine as 6 beta-[3H]OH-corticosterone was four- to fivefold higher in SHR than in control Wistar-Kyoto rats, before and after development of overt hypertension. Both hypertension and 6 beta-hydroxylation were inhibited by troleandomycin (a selective inhibitor of family 3A cytochromes P-450), consistent with a role for increased steroid 6 beta-hydroxylation in the genesis of hypertension in the SHR.

Vasopressin withdrawal produces hypotension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. H193-H197 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Chiu ◽  
J. R. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Pressor Agent

In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their normotensive Wistar-Kyoto controls (WKY), prolonged intravenous infusions of either arginine vasopressin (AVP, 8 mU X kg-1 X min-1) or phenylephrine (PE, 20 nmol X kg-1 X min-1) resulted in similar rises in arterial pressure. Heart rate fell greatly in the WKY but not in the SHR. Withdrawal of the PE infusion resulted in moderate decreases in blood pressure and increases in heart rate; these responses were similar in SHR and WKY. At 5 h after PE withdrawal, blood pressure and heart rate returned to basal values. In contrast, withdrawal of the AVP infusion was associated with greater falls in blood pressure and rises in heart rate. Blood pressure and heart rate in both the SHR and the WKY at 5 h after AVP were significantly different from their respective basal values. The effects of AVP withdrawal on either blood pressure or heart rate were significantly greater in the SHR than in the WKY. At 5 h after the withdrawal of AVP, blood pressure in the SHR was reduced to normotensive levels. These results suggest that the withdrawal effect was specific to AVP, was more marked in the SHR, and might not result from only the rise in blood pressure seen during the intravenous infusion of the pressor agent.

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