scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant and Immunity Function of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate Tablets in Vivo

Molecules ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 5412-5421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Guo ◽  
Aihong Wang ◽  
Yongle Sun ◽  
Chongen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate ◽  
Immunity Function

Yeast killer plasmid mutations affecting toxin secretion and activity and toxin immunity function

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
H Bussey ◽  
W Sacks ◽  
D Galley ◽  
D Saville
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Toxin Secretion ◽  
Killer Plasmid ◽  
Yeast Killer ◽  
Immunity Function

M double-stranded RNA (MdsRNA) plasmid mutants were obtained by mutagenesis and screening of a diploid killer culture partially heat cured of the plasmid, so that a high proportion of the cells could be expected to have only on M plasmid. Mutants with neutral (nonkiller [K-], immune [R+]) or suicide (killer [K+], sensitive [R-] phenotypes were examined. All mutants became K- R- sensitives on heat curing of the MdsRNA plasmid, and showed cytoplasmic inheritance by random spore analysis. In some cases, M plasmid mutations were indicated by altered mobility of the MdsRNA by agarose gel electrophoresis or by altered size of in vitro translation products from denatured dsRNA. Neutral mutants were of two types: nonsecretors of the toxin protein or secretors of an inactive toxin. Of three neutral nonsecretors examined, one (NLP-1), probably a nonsense mutation, made a smaller protoxin precursor in vitro and in vivo, and two made full-size protoxin molecules. The in vivo protoxin of 43,000 molecular weight was unstable in the wild type and kinetically showed a precursor-product relationship to the processed, secreted 11,000-molecular-weight toxin. In one nonsecretor (N1), the protoxin appeared more stable in a pulse-chase experiment, and could be altered in a recognition site required for protein processing.

Pharmacokinetics of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate in healthy and blood stasis dogs in vivo

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Yong-Pei Jiang ◽  
Ai-Dong Wen ◽  
Xi Huang ◽  
Yi-Min Zang ◽  
Lei-Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate

scholarly journals Yeast killer plasmid mutations affecting toxin secretion and activity and toxin immunity function.

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bussey ◽  
W Sacks ◽  
D Galley ◽  
D Saville
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Toxin Secretion ◽  
Killer Plasmid ◽  
Yeast Killer ◽  
Immunity Function

M double-stranded RNA (MdsRNA) plasmid mutants were obtained by mutagenesis and screening of a diploid killer culture partially heat cured of the plasmid, so that a high proportion of the cells could be expected to have only on M plasmid. Mutants with neutral (nonkiller [K-], immune [R+]) or suicide (killer [K+], sensitive [R-] phenotypes were examined. All mutants became K- R- sensitives on heat curing of the MdsRNA plasmid, and showed cytoplasmic inheritance by random spore analysis. In some cases, M plasmid mutations were indicated by altered mobility of the MdsRNA by agarose gel electrophoresis or by altered size of in vitro translation products from denatured dsRNA. Neutral mutants were of two types: nonsecretors of the toxin protein or secretors of an inactive toxin. Of three neutral nonsecretors examined, one (NLP-1), probably a nonsense mutation, made a smaller protoxin precursor in vitro and in vivo, and two made full-size protoxin molecules. The in vivo protoxin of 43,000 molecular weight was unstable in the wild type and kinetically showed a precursor-product relationship to the processed, secreted 11,000-molecular-weight toxin. In one nonsecretor (N1), the protoxin appeared more stable in a pulse-chase experiment, and could be altered in a recognition site required for protein processing.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Structural analysis of the photosynthetic membrane from Ectothiorhodospira halochloris

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 740-741
Author(s):  
H. Engelhardt ◽  
R. Guckenberger ◽  
W. Baumeister
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Reaction Centre ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Viridis ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Ectothiorhodospira Halochloris ◽  
Main Components

Bacterial photosynthetic membranes contain, apart from lipids and electron transport components, reaction centre (RC) and light harvesting (LH) polypeptides as the main components. The RC-LH complexes in Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are known since quite seme time to form a hexagonal lattice structure in vivo; hence this membrane attracted the particular attention of electron microscopists. Contrary to previous claims in the literature we found, however, that 2-D periodically organized photosynthetic membranes are not a unique feature of Rhodopseudomonas viridis. At least five bacterial species, all bacteriophyll b - containing, possess membranes with the RC-LH complexes regularly arrayed. All these membranes appear to have a similar lattice structure and fine-morphology. The lattice spacings of the Ectothiorhodospira haloohloris, Ectothiorhodospira abdelmalekii and Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are close to 13 nm, those of Thiocapsa pfennigii and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis are slightly smaller (∼12.5 nm).

The Infection of Cells by Bullet-Shaped Viruses

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 372-373
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Murphy ◽  
Alyne K. Harrison ◽  
Sylvia G. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Cell Infection ◽  
Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽  
Section Electron ◽  
Section Electron Microscopy

The bullet-shaped viruses are currently classified together on the basis of similarities in virion morphology and physical properties. Biologically and ecologically the member viruses are extremely diverse. In searching for further bases for making comparisons of these agents, the nature of host cell infection, both in vivo and in cultured cells, has been explored by thin-section electron microscopy.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

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