Do the Dietary Intakes of Pregnant Women Attending Public Hospital Antenatal Clinics Align with Australian Guide to Healthy Eating Recommendations?

The maternal diet influences the long-term health status of both mother and offspring. The current study aimed to compare dietary intakes of pregnant women compared to food and nutrient recommendations in the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) and Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). Usual dietary intake was assessed in a sample of women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending antenatal outpatient clinics at John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW). Dietary intake was measured using the Australian Eating Survey, a validated, semi-quantitative 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Daily food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to AGHE and NRV targets. Of 534 women participating, none met the AGHE recommendations for all food groups. Highest adherence was for fruit serves (38%), and lowest for breads and cereals (0.6%). Only four women met the pregnancy NRVs for folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre from food alone. Current dietary intakes of Australian women during pregnancy do not align with national nutrition guidelines. This highlights the importance of routine vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy, as intakes from diet alone may commonly be inadequate. Future revisions of dietary guidelines and pregnancy nutrition recommendations should consider current dietary patterns. Pregnant women currently need more support to optimise food and nutrient intakes.

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Inadequate Dietary Intakes: Among Pregnant Women

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/73.2.2012.72 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 72-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jennifer K. Fowler ◽

Susan E. Evers ◽

M. Karen Campbell

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Food Group ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Groups ◽

Eating Behaviours ◽

Prenatal Health ◽

Canadian City ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Health Project

Purpose: Eating behaviours were assessed among pregnant women in a mid-sized Canadian city. Methods: As part of the Prenatal Health Project, we interviewed 2313 pregnant women in London, Ontario. Subjects also completed a food frequency questionnaire. Recruitment took place in ultrasound clinics at 10 to 22 weeks of gestation. The main outcome measures were number of daily servings for each food group, measured against the minimum number recommended by the 2007 Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (CFG), the proportion of women consuming the recommended number of servings for each and all of the four food groups, and factors associated with adequate consumption. We also determined the number of servings of “other foods.” Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression, all at p<0.05. Results: A total of 3.5% of women consumed the recommended number of servings for all four food groups; 15.3% did not consume the minimum number of servings of foods for any of the four food groups. Women for whom this was their first pregnancy were less likely to consume the recommended number of servings from all four food groups (odds ratio=0.41; confidence interval=0.23, 0.74). Conclusions: Very few pregnant women consumed food group servings consistent with the 2007 recommendations. Strategies to improve dietary behaviours must focus on the establishment of healthy eating behaviours among women of reproductive age.

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Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114500001641 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 361-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Louise M. Brady ◽

Christine H. Lindquist ◽

Sara L. Herd ◽

Michael I. Goran

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

The United States ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

United States Department ◽

Adult Health ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Groups ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

American Children

Monitoring dietary intake patterns among children is important in order to explore and prevent the onset of adult health problems. The aim of the present study was to compare children's dietary intakes with national recommendations and to determine whether sex or ethnic differences were evident. This was done using a methodology that allows assessment of intake from the major components of the Food Guide Pyramid developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA: ). The sample studied included 110 African-American and Caucasian males and females (mean age 9·9 years, BMI 20·1 kg/m2) from Birmingham, AL, USA, who were participating in a study investigating the development of obesity. Dietary data were based on three 24 h recalls and food group intake was determined using the USDA Pyramid Servicing Database. The results indicated that a high percentage of subjects failed to meet the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups. For example, only 5 % and 9 % met fruit and dietary group recommendations respectively. Consumption of foods from the Pyramid ‘tip’ (including discretionary fat and added sugar) contributed almost 50 % of the diet. African-Americans were more likely to meet requirements for the meat group, with a higher proportion of Caucasians meeting dietary recommendations. Males were more likely to meet the vegetable group guidelines although females consumed more energy per day from discretionary fat. In conclusion, these results suggest that implementation of nutrition education programmes may be important for promoting healthy nutrition among American children.

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Canadians’ Dietary Intake from 2007 to 2011 and across Different Sociodemographic/Lifestyle Factors Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey Cycles 1 and 2

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2019/2831969 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zeinab Hosseini ◽

Susan J. Whiting ◽

Hassan Vatanparast

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Groups ◽

Milk Products ◽

Objective Health ◽

Health Measures ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Vegetables And Fruits ◽

Canadian Health Measures Survey

Background. Nutrition is an important factor that impacts health, yet in Canada, there have been only a few surveys reflecting dietary intakes. The Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) is a national survey that includes both food intake data as targeted questions and objective health measures. The aim of this research was to determine how food group intake data reported in CHMS is related to food group intakes from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2004). A secondary objective was to examine the dietary status of Canadians across sociodemographic levels. Methods. The CHMS Cycles 1 and 2 food group intake data (meat and alternatives; milk products; grains; vegetables and fruits; dietary fat consumption; and beverages) of Canadians (6–79 years, n=11,387) were descriptively compared to previously reported intake of Canadians from CCHS 2.2 in 2004. Further, Canadians’ food intakes were assessed across sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The CHMS dietary intake data from vegetables and fruits and from milk products groups were similar to the dietary intake reported from CCHS 2.2. For the other food groups, the difference in intakes suggested CHMS data by FFQ were not complete. However, similar patterns in food intakes with regards to age/sex and income were observed in both surveys. Conclusion. Not all food groups measured in CHMS provide complete dietary intake data as compared to CCHS 2.2, yet CHMS food group intakes provide valuable information when it comes to evaluating dietary intake across different population groups.

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Contribution to the development of a food guide in Benin: linear programming for the optimization of local diets

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014000706 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 622-631 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sarah Levesque ◽

Hélène Delisle ◽

Victoire Agueh

Keyword(s):

Linear Programming ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Portion Size ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Daily Number ◽

Portion Sizes ◽

The Government

AbstractObjectiveFood guides are important tools for nutrition education. While developing a food guide in Benin, the objective was to determine the daily number of servings per food group and the portion sizes of common foods to be recommended.DesignLinear programming (LP) was used to determine, for each predefined food group, the optimal number and size of servings of commonly consumed foods. Two types of constraints were introduced into the LP models: (i) WHO/FAO Recommended Nutrient Intakes and dietary guidelines for the prevention of chronic diseases; and (ii) dietary patterns based on local food consumption data recently collected in southern Benin in 541 adults. Dietary intakes of the upper tertile of participants for diet quality based on prevention and micronutrient adequacy scores were used in the LP algorithms.SettingSouthern area of the Republic of Benin.SubjectsLocal key-players in nutrition (n30) from the government, academic institutions, international organizations and civil society were partners in the development of the food guide directed at the population.ResultsThe number of servings per food group and the portion size for eight age–sex groups were determined. For four limiting micronutrients (Fe, Ca, folate and Zn), local diets could be optimized to meet only 70 % of the Recommended Nutrient Intakes, not 100 %.ConclusionsIt was possible to determine the daily number of servings and the portion sizes of common foods that can be recommended in Benin with the help of LP to optimize local diets, although Recommended Nutrient Intakes were not fully met for a few critical micronutrients.

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Dietary Intakes of Recipients of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation: An Observational Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1487

Author(s):

Annabel K. Clancy ◽

Christina Lee ◽

Harrison Hamblin ◽

Anoja W. Gunaratne ◽

Antoinette LeBusque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Groups ◽

Faecal Microbiota ◽

Dietary Analysis ◽

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Food Diaries ◽

The Relationship

This study reports on the dietary intake of recipients of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), comparing this with dietary guidelines, and investigates the relationship between dietary intake and clinical outcomes. Males and females aged ≥ 16 years with irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease undergoing FMT were invited to complete validated symptom and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires and three-day weighed food diaries. Descriptive statistics were calculated for symptom scores, QOL scores, nutrients, and food group servings, and compared to Australian population norms, nutrient reference values, and dietary guidelines. The relationship between dietary intake, symptoms, and QOL was assessed. Participants (n = 18) reported baseline symptoms of urgency, abdominal pain, nausea, and bloating and reduced QOL. Of the participants who completed food diaries, 8/14 met the recommended 30 g of fibre when including supplements. Participants met the recommendations for micronutrients and food groups except calcium, fruit, and dairy/dairy alternatives. There was a non-significant trend towards lower symptom severity scores in participants who met the fibre target. The high degree of variability in participant fibre intakes highlights diet as a key variable that has not been previously controlled for in FMT intervention studies. Future studies examining FMT should include dietary analysis of habitual intake of the recipients and donors.

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Development and simulated validation of a dish composition database for estimating food group and nutrient intakes in Japan

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019000600 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 2367-2380 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nana Shinozaki ◽

Kentaro Murakami ◽

Shizuko Masayasu ◽

Satoshi Sasaki

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Food Group ◽

Food Composition ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Food Groups ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Animal Fats ◽

Dietary Records

AbstractObjective:To develop a dish composition database (DCD) and assess its ability to estimate dietary intake.Design:The DCD was developed based on 16 d dietary records (DR). We aggregated all reported dishes into 128 dish codes and calculated mean food group and nutrient contents for each code. These data were used to calculate dietary intake in a different population that completed a 4 d DR. The estimated values were compared with those estimated using the standard food composition database (FCD) of Japan.Setting:Japan.Participants:A total 252 adults aged 31–81 years for the 16 d DR (3941 d in total) and 392 adults aged 20–69 years for the 4 d DR (1568 d in total) participated.Results:There were significant differences in median intakes between the DCD and the FCD for eighteen and twenty (of twenty-six) food groups and for twenty-nine and twenty-two (of forty-three) nutrients (including energy) in men and women, respectively. For food group intakes, Spearman correlation coefficients between the DCD and FCD ranged from 0·19 (animal fats) to 0·90 (fruits and alcoholic beverages) in men (median: 0·61) and from 0·25 (oils) to 0·89 (noodles) in women (median: 0·58). For nutrient intakes, the corresponding values ranged from 0·25 (retinol) to 0·90 (alcohol) in men (median: 0·60) and from 0·15 (retinol) to 0·74 (alcohol) in women (median: 0·53).Conclusions:Whereas it is difficult to accurately estimate absolute dietary intake values using the present DCD, it has acceptable ability to rank the intakes of many food groups and nutrients.

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1055The applicability of the Healthy Eating Index to measure Iranian diet quality

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Ebrahimi ◽

Rebecca Leech ◽

Sarah McNaughton ◽

Katherine Livingstone

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Household Head ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutrient Adequacy

Abstract Background Iranian diet quality has been evaluated using indices that are not based on Iranian dietary guidelines. This study examined the applicability of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) by examining associations with sociodemographics, nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Methods Household sociodemographics and dietary intakes (three 24-h dietary recalls) were collected in the cross-sectional National Comprehensive Study on Household Food Consumption Patterns and Nutritional Status 2001-2003. Household diet quality was calculated using the HEI. Regression analyses examined associations between diet quality and sociodemographics, nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Results A total of 6584 households were included in this study. Age (β-coeff 2.11; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.44), education (β-coeff 4.58; 4.05, 5.11) and living in urban areas (β-coeff 2.87; 2.56, 3.19) (as reported by the household head) were positively associated with diet quality. Higher diet quality was associated with higher intake of protein (% energy) (β-coeff 0.08; 0.07, 0.08), calcium (mg/day) (β-coeff 12.10; 11.23, 12.98), iron (mg/day) (β-coeff 0.04; 0.02, 0.05), vitamin C (mg/day) (β-coeff 3.61; 3.45, 3.77) and fibre (g/day) (β-coeff 0.12; 0.11, 0.14), lower intake of sodium (mg/day) (β-coeff -83.45; -93.02, -73.88) and adequate intake of calcium (mg/day) (OR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.12) and vitamin C (mg/day) (1.19; 1.18, 1.20). Conclusions Higher HEI was associated with a range of sociodemographics and better nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Key messages HEI was applicable for assessing the diet quality of Iranian households.

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Do older Chinese people’s diets meet the Chinese Food Pagoda guidelines? Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000129 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 3020-3030 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xiaoyue Xu ◽

John Hall ◽

Julie Byles ◽

Zumin Shi

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Food Groups ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Older Chinese ◽

Chinese Food

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate dietary intake based on the Chinese Food Pagoda (CFP) and to determine what factors may be associated with adherence to CFP guidelines for older Chinese.DesignThis cross-sectional population-based study used 24 h recall over three consecutive days to assess dietary intake and adherence to CFP among older Chinese participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009.SettingNine provinces across four diverse regions (Northeast, East Coast, Central and West).SubjectsA total of 2745 older Chinese, aged 60–69 years (n 1563) and ≥70 years (n 1182), with dietary data.ResultsNone of the participants reached all ten food group recommendations. More than half of the participants exceeded the recommended amount for grains (63 %), oil (62·8 %) and salt (55·7 %). Ten per cent of the participants consumed dairy, while merely 0·5 % met the recommended amount. Average Chinese Food Pagoda Score (CFPS) was 3·3 in men and 3·5 in women, far below the maximum possible score of 10. Women had 0·26 higher CFPS than men (P<0·001; 95 % CI 0·16, 0·36). People living in medium and high urbanicity areas had significantly higher scores than those living in low urbanicity areas (P<0·001). Also, there were significant differences in CFPS according to gender, BMI, work status, education level and region.ConclusionsFew older Chinese are meeting the intake of the various food groups based on the recommendations in the CFP guidelines, thus increasing the risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. Action is needed to increase dissemination and uptake of nutrition education, with interventions targeted at socio-economic regions. Moreover, specific dietary guidelines for older Chinese people should be developed.

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Maternal dietary patterns and associated nutrient intakes during each trimester of pregnancy

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012000997 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 97-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Ciara A McGowan ◽

Fionnuala M McAuliffe

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

First Trimester ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Food Groups ◽

Food Diary ◽

Nutrient Intakes

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the main dietary patterns of pregnant women during each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and to examine associated nutrient intakes.DesignParticipants completed a 3 d food diary during each trimester of pregnancy. Thirty-six food groups were created and dietary patterns were derived using k-means cluster analysis.SettingNational Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.SubjectsTwo hundred and eighty-five healthy pregnant women aged between 20 and 41 years.ResultsTwo dietary patterns were identified at each time point. They were labelled ‘Unhealthy’ (n 143, 150 and 155 at trimester 1, 2 and 3, respectively) and ‘Health Conscious’ (n 142, 135 and 130 at trimester 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Women in the ‘Health Conscious’ cluster were significantly older, had lower BMI and were higher educated than those in the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster. Of those in the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster in the first trimester (n 143), 103 (72·0 %) continued in this dietary pattern into trimester 2 and eighty-one (56·6 %) continued into trimester 3. Of those in the ‘Health Conscious’ cluster in trimester 1 (n 142), ninety-five (66·9 %) continued in this dietary pattern into trimester 2 and sixty-nine (48·6 %) continued into trimester 3.ConclusionsCluster analysis produced two clearly defined dietary patterns at each stage of pregnancy. Knowledge of maternal dietary patterns is important for the development of pregnancy-specific dietary guidelines. Identifying women with an ‘Unhealthy’ dietary pattern in early pregnancy affords the opportunity for a dietary intervention which may positively impact both maternal and infant health.

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A systematic scoping review of the habitual dietary costs in low socioeconomic groups compared to high socioeconomic groups in Australia

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-020-00654-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Meron Lewis ◽

Sarah A. McNaughton ◽

Lucie Rychetnik ◽

Amanda J. Lee

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Food Group ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Lower Amount ◽

Food Groups ◽

Socioeconomic Impacts ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Socioeconomic Groups ◽

The Cost

Abstract Background Low socioeconomic groups (SEGs) in Australia are less likely to consume diets consistent with the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADGs) and suffer poorer health than the broader population. The unaffordability, or perceived high cost, of healthy diets may be a factor. Detailed data on the cost of habitually consumed diets is required in order to inform strategies to alleviate socioeconomic impacts on dietary intake. This systematic scoping review aims to identify the cost of the habitual dietary intake of low SEGs in Australia, in terms of the whole diet and its composite foods, in comparison to the cost in higher SEGs. Methods A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature since 2000 and key government and non-government organisation (NGO) websites was undertaken. Data were extracted, synthesised and analysed in relation to study populations, dietary cost assessment measures, socioeconomic measures, and dietary cost and affordability. Results The review identified four studies meeting inclusion criteria. Results confirmed that overall, low SEGs spend a lower amount, yet a higher proportion of household income, on food and drinks than higher SEGs. Quantitative comparison of the dietary costs between included studies was not possible due to difference in populations and study metrics. Costs of the habitual diet in these studies were not reported for ADG food groups, so did not allow for assessment of the healthfulness of the dietary intake or comparison with costs of recommended diets at food group level. Conclusions Existing research does not provide sufficiently granular data of the costs of habitual diets of low SEGs in comparison to higher SEGs or data in a form that can inform strategies and interventions to improve dietary intake and diet-related health of low SEGs in Australia. Future empirical health research requires more granular measures of habitual spending on ADG food groups across SEGs.

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