scholarly journals Programmed vs. Thirst-Driven Drinking during Prolonged Cycling in a Warm Environment

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
David Jeker ◽  
Pascale Claveau ◽  
Mohamed El Fethi Abed ◽  
Thomas A. Deshayes ◽  
Claude Lajoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Exercise Associated Muscle Cramps ◽  
Later Phase

We compared the effect of programmed (PFI) and thirst-driven (TDFI) fluid intake on prolonged cycling performance and exercise associated muscle cramps (EAMC). Eight male endurance athletes (26 ± 6 years) completed two trials consisting of 5 h of cycling at 61% V˙O2peak followed by a 20 km time-trial (TT) in a randomized crossover sequence at 30 °C, 35% relative humidity. EAMC was assessed after the TT with maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the shortened right plantar flexors. Water intake was either programmed to limit body mass loss to 1% (PFI) or consumed based on perceived thirst (TDFI). Body mass loss reached 1.5 ± 1.0% for PFI and 2.5 ± 0.9% for TDFI (p = 0.10). Power output during the 20 km TT was higher (p < 0.05) for PFI (278 ± 41 W) than TDFI (263 ± 39 W), but the total performance time, including the breaks to urinate, was similar (p = 0.48) between conditions. The prevalence of EAMC of the plantar flexors was similar between the drinking conditions. Cyclists competing in the heat for over 5 h may benefit from PFI aiming to limit body mass loss to <2% when a high intensity effort is required in the later phase of the race and when time lost for urination is not a consideration.

23 Nutritional Intake and Weight Change in Severely Burned Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S20-S21
Author(s):  
Sandrine O Fossati ◽  
Beth A Shields ◽  
Renee E Cole ◽  
Adam J Kieffer ◽  
Saul J Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Burn Care

Abstract Introduction Nutrition is crucial for recovery from burn injuries, as severe weight (wt.) loss can lead to impaired immunity and wound healing, infections, skin graft failure, and mortality. Previous studies recommended avoiding more than 10% wt. loss, as this level resulted in increased infection rates. However, wt. loss is often not quantifiable during the critical illness phase, with severe edema masking non-fluid related body wt. changes. Energy (kcal) deficits can be used to estimate wt. loss until the edema has resolved, but previous studies in non-burn patients indicate that actual wt. loss is less than the commonly used 3500 kcal per pound of fat (7700 kcal per kg of fat). The objective of this performance improvement project was to evaluate nutritional intake and the resulting dry wt. change in severely burned patients. Methods This performance improvement project was approved by our regulatory compliance division. We performed a retrospective evaluation on patients with at least 20% total body surface area (TBSA) burns admitted for initial burn care to our intensive care unit over a 7-year period. Patients who died or who had major fascial excisions or limb amputations were excluded. Patients who did not achieve a recorded dry wt. after wound healing were not included in this analysis. Retrospective data were collected, including sex, age, burn size, kcal intake, kcal goal per the Milner equation using activity factor of 1.4, admission dry wt., dry wt. after wound healing (defined as less than 10% TBSA open wound), and days to dry wt. after wound healing. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were performed using JMP. Significance was set at p&lt; 0.05. Results The 30 included patients had the following characteristics: 90% male, 30 ± 11 years old, 45% ± 15% TBSA burn. They received 2720 ± 1092 kcal/day, meeting 68% ± 24% kcal goal, and took approximately 53 ± 30 days from injury to achieve dry wt. after wound healing. These patients had wt. loss of 8 ± 8 kg from the kcal deficit of 69,819 ± 51,704 during this time period. The kcal deficit was significantly associated with wt. change [p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.49, wt. change in kg = (-0.000103 x kcal deficit) – 1]. This translates to one kg of body wt. loss resulting from 9709 kcal deficit. Conclusions This performance improvement project found that an energy deficit of approximately 9700 kcal in our patients equates to 1 kg of body mass loss (4400 kcal deficit equates to 1 pound of body mass loss). These findings are similar to wt. loss studies in other patient populations and contrary to the commonly used 3500 kcal per pound of fat (7700 kcal per kg of fat).

Body mass loss during adaptation to short winter-like days does not affect food foraging or hoarding

Appetite ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
B.J.W. Teubner ◽  
T.J. Bartness
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass Loss

scholarly journals Simulated model of obesity and immediate metabolic disorders after gastric shunting with anastomosis in small laboratory animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
R. I. Vynogradov ◽  
O. S. Tyvonchuk ◽  
K. O. Nadiein ◽  
V. V. Moskalenko
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Simulated Model ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To study metabolic changes and peculiarities of mineral balance depending on the common loop length while constructing of the simulated model of gastric shunting with one anastomosis during 60 days. Materials and methods. Experimental simulation of gastric minishunting with one anastomosis of various length of bilio-pancreatic loop was constructed on the rats. In 10 rats the anastomosis was formatted on level of half of total length of small intestine (Group I), and also in 10 - a third part of general length of small intestine (Group II). Control Group consisted of 5 rats. The indices of the extra body mass loss and metabolic changes were compared. Results. In the rats of Group I the index of the body mass loss have constituted 16.6% (41.7 gm), and of the Group II -20.6% (53.2 gm). Lowering of indices of mineral and prion metabolism, comparing preoperative values, was observed in both Groups. Dystrophic changes in osseous tissue of vertebral bodies of lumbar vertebral column were noted in animals of both Groups, more pronounced - in Group II. Conclusion. The protein and mineral metabolism disorders may be observed not only in large resection volume, but in exclusion of half and more segment of small bowel from general transit, using gastric shunting, what lacks significant advantages in the extra body mass loss, but leads to more profound metabolic disorders.

Deviation from goal pace, body temperature and body mass loss as predictors of road race performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Adams ◽  
Yuri Hosokawa ◽  
Luke N. Belval ◽  
Robert A. Huggins ◽  
Rebecca L. Stearns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Road Race ◽  
Race Performance

scholarly journals Body mass loss during adaptation to short winter-like days increases food foraging, but not food hoarding

2009 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett J.W. Teubner ◽  
Timothy J. Bartness
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Food Hoarding

Rapid body mass loss affects erythropoiesis and hemolysis but does not impair aerobic performance in combat athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reljic ◽  
J. Feist ◽  
J. Jost ◽  
M. Kieser ◽  
B. Friedmann-Bette
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Body Mass Loss

DIETARY INDUCED WEIGHT LOSS RESULTS IN SLIGHT LEAN BODY MASS LOSS EVEN WITH HEAVY WEIGHT TRAINING

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Ballor ◽  
V. L. Katch ◽  
C. P. Moorehead ◽  
M. D. Becque ◽  
C. R. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Body Mass Loss ◽  
Heavy Weight
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