scholarly journals Effect of a Commercial Disinfectant CLORICAN® on Acanthamoeba spp. and Naegleria fowleri Viability

Parasitologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Ines Sifaoui ◽  
Aitor Rizo-Liendo ◽  
María Reyes-Batlle ◽  
Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez ◽  
Rubén L. Rodríguez-Expósito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
Swimming Pool Water ◽  
Microbial Proliferation ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

Swimming pool water treatment by chemicals is an essential step to avoid microbial proliferation and infections namely caused by free living amoeba such as, for example, primary amebic meningoencephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis. In the present study, a commercial reactive, CLORICAN, based on chlorine dioxide, was evaluated against Acanthamoeba spp. and Naegleria fowleri. We observed that CLORICAN could eliminate in a short period of incubation time both amoebae. Furthermore, Naegleria fowleri’s trophozoites were more sensitive than those of Acanthamoeba spp. By means of inverted microscopy, the chlorine dioxide was found to greatly affect morphology shape by increasing the cell size shrinkage.

scholarly journals Eight-Year-Old Male With Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chairut Vareechon ◽  
Thomas Tarro ◽  
Claudia Polanco ◽  
Vikram Anand ◽  
Pia S Pannaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

Abstract Naegleria fowleri is a thermophilic free-living amoeba that is found in warm, fresh water and causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The following report demonstrates the rapid and destructive clinical features of PAM in an 8-year-old male who presented with severe headaches approximately 12 days after swimming in a hot spring.

Development of a high- versus low-pathogenicity model of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

Microbiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 158 (10) ◽  
pp. 2652-2660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise C. Burri ◽  
Bruno Gottstein ◽  
Béatrice Zumkehr ◽  
Andrew Hemphill ◽  
Nadia Schürch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri

scholarly journals Naegleria fowleri: Protein structures to facilitate drug discovery for the deadly, pathogenic free-living amoeba

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0241738
Author(s):  
Logan Tillery ◽  
Kayleigh Barrett ◽  
Jenna Goldstein ◽  
Jared W. Lassner ◽  
Bram Osterhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri

Naegleria fowleri is a pathogenic, thermophilic, free-living amoeba which causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Penetrating the olfactory mucosa, the brain-eating amoeba travels along the olfactory nerves, burrowing through the cribriform plate to its destination: the brain’s frontal lobes. The amoeba thrives in warm, freshwater environments, with peak infection rates in the summer months and has a mortality rate of approximately 97%. A major contributor to the pathogen’s high mortality is the lack of sensitivity of N. fowleri to current drug therapies, even in the face of combination-drug therapy. To enable rational drug discovery and design efforts we have pursued protein production and crystallography-based structure determination efforts for likely drug targets from N. fowleri. The genes were selected if they had homology to drug targets listed in Drug Bank or were nominated by primary investigators engaged in N. fowleri research. In 2017, 178 N. fowleri protein targets were queued to the Seattle Structural Genomics Center of Infectious Disease (SSGCID) pipeline, and to date 89 soluble recombinant proteins and 19 unique target structures have been produced. Many of the new protein structures are potential drug targets and contain structural differences compared to their human homologs, which could allow for the development of pathogen-specific inhibitors. Five of the structures were analyzed in more detail, and four of five show promise that selective inhibitors of the active site could be found. The 19 solved crystal structures build a foundation for future work in combating this devastating disease by encouraging further investigation to stimulate drug discovery for this neglected pathogen.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of pathogenicity factors of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

BMC Genomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise C Zysset-Burri ◽  
Norbert Müller ◽  
Christian Beuret ◽  
Manfred Heller ◽  
Nadia Schürch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Pathogenicity Factors ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Caused by Naegleria fowleri: A Global Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Gharpure ◽  
John Bliton ◽  
Alexandra Goodman ◽  
Ibne Karim M Ali ◽  
Jonathan Yoder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Confirmatory Testing ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living Ameba ◽  
Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

Abstract Background Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly progressive and often fatal condition caused by the free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. To estimate the global occurrence, characterize the epidemiology, and describe the clinical features of PAM, we report a series of PAM cases published in the international literature and reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Methods We performed a literature search of PAM case reports published through 2018. Additionally, we included cases reported through the CDC’s Free-Living Ameba surveillance or diagnosed via CDC’s Free-Living and Intestinal Amebas Laboratory. Cases were classified as confirmed, probable, or suspect on the basis of confirmatory testing, presentation, exposure, and disease course. Results A total of 381 PAM cases were identified. Seven reported survivors were classified as confirmed. The most commonly reported exposure associated with PAM was swimming/diving, and the most common class of water source was lakes/ponds/reservoirs. Patients were predominantly male (75%), with a median age of 14 years. Confirmed and probable cases were similar in their survival, course of illness, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings. Conclusions PAM is a rare but deadly disease with worldwide occurrence. Improved clinician awareness, resulting in earlier diagnosis and treatment, may contribute to increased survival among PAM patients. The case definition of probable used in this study appears to capture cases of PAM, as evidenced by similarities in outcomes, clinical course, and CSF profile to confirmed cases. In the absence of confirmatory testing, clinicians could use this case definition to identify cases of PAM.

Disruption of MDCK cell tight junctions by the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri

Microbiology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 159 (Pt_2) ◽  
pp. 392-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mineko Shibayama ◽  
Moisés Martínez-Castillo ◽  
Angélica Silva-Olivares ◽  
Silvia Galindo-Gómez ◽  
Fernando Navarro-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Mdck Cell ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Free Living Amoeba ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri
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