scholarly journals Effects of Fabrication Conditions on Structure and Properties of Mechanically Prepared Natural Silk Web and Non-Woven Fabrics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1578
Author(s):  
Yeon Su Bae ◽  
In Chul Um
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Natural Silk ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Lower Elongation ◽  
Silkworm Cocoon

In this study, natural silk web and natural silk non-woven fabric were prepared mechanically using the binding character of the sericin in silk. The effect of process variables on the preparation, structure, and properties of the silk web and the non-woven fabric was examined. The reeling velocity affected the morphology and mechanical properties of the web but had almost no influence on the crystalline structure of the silk. From the viewpoint of reel-ability and the mechanical properties (work of rupture) of silk web, a reeling velocity of 39.2 m/min represented the optimal processing velocity. The porosity and swelling ratio of the silk web decreased slightly with increasing reeling velocity. Furthermore, the reeling bath temperature had a significant effect on the reel-ability of silk filaments from a silkworm cocoon. Bath temperatures ≥50 °C yielded good reel-ability (>900 m reeling length). The porosity, swelling ratio in water, and mechanical properties of the silk web and silk non-woven fabric changed only slightly with the reeling bath temperature but changed significantly with the hot press treatment. The hot-pressed silk web (i.e., silk non-woven fabric) exhibited higher tensile strength as well as lower elongation at break, porosity, and swelling ratio than the silk web.

scholarly journals CARBON FIBRE ALIGNMENT FOR REINFORCED COMPOSITES USING EMBROIDERY TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
J. Domenech-Pastor ◽  
P. Diaz-Garcia ◽  
D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Composites

Composites are materials formed by the combination of two or more components that acquire better properties than the ones obtained by each component on its own. Composites have been widely used in the industry due to its light weight and good mechanical properties. To improve these properties several layers of reinforced material (e.g., carbon fibre) are overlapped which produce an increase in the fibre consumption. In this sense Tailored Fibre Placement (TFP) embroidery can offer good opportunity to reduce the consumption of reinforced fibre while improving the mechanical properties due to the alignment of the fibres in the effort direction. This study analyzes the performance of carbon fibre reinforced composites with Polyester resin made with TFP embroidery technology against flexural strength efforts and without using plain woven fabrics to demonstrate that the use of reinforcement fabrics in composites can be optimized by a curved alignment of the fibers. Two different structures were embroidered with TFP technology, one simulating a woven fabric with straight unidirectional alignment of fibres in horizontal and vertical direction, and a second structure made with curvilinear alignment of carbon fibers. After the study of the flexural mechanical properties an improvement of 18% was obtained in maximum flexural strength.

scholarly journals New Numerical Model of Composite Fabric Behaviour: Simulation of Manufacturing of thin Composite Part

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 096369350000900 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Billoet ◽  
A. Cherouat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Composite Part ◽  
Initial Shape ◽  
Shaping Process ◽  
Mechanical Approach ◽  
Behaviour Simulation

The present study concerns the modelling of the behaviour of pre-impregnated woven fabric during the forming process. The mechanical approach is based on a mesostructural model. It allows us to take into account the mechanical properties of fibres and resin and the various dominating mode of deformation of woven fabrics during the forming process. Shear and tensile tests of composite fabric specimens are proposed and compared with the experimental results in order to demonstrate the efficiency of our approach. Different numerical simulations and experiments of shaping process have been carried out in order to validate the proposed computational formulation. The various forming parameters examined have included the initial shape of fabric, fibre orientations and viscosity of resin.

Analysis and Simulation of the Shear Deformation for Woven Cloth

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Shu Guang Zhao ◽  
Li Juan Zhang ◽  
Li Qiang Zhang ◽  
Wen Bing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Deformation ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Cloth Simulation ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
High Specific Strength

Woven fabrics are used in a wide variety of products, and they are prized for their flexibility, formability, and high specific strength. However, modeling woven cloth is difficult due, in particular, to complex mechanical properties. In this paper, the shear behavior of plain woven fabric is studied. Through the analysis, a mechanical model is proposed which take the shearing properties into account. It uses physical-based model for animating cloth objects. Furthermore, we demonstrate the efficiency of this method with examples related to accurate cloth simulation from experimental shear curve measured on actual materials.

scholarly journals Numerical Tools for Composite Woven Fabric Preforming

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Cherouat ◽  
Houman Bourouchaki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Angular Distortion ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Manufacture Process ◽  
Mould Surface ◽  
Mechanical Approach

An important step in the manufacturing processes of thin composite components is the layingup of the reinforcement onto the mould surface. The prediction of the angular distortion of the reinforcement during draping and the changes in fibre orientation are essential for the understanding of the manufacture process and the evaluation of the mechanical properties of the composite structures. This paper presents an optimization-based method for the simulation of the forming processes of woven fabric reinforced composites. Two different approaches are proposed for the simulation of the draping of woven fabric onto complex geometries: geometrical and mechanical approaches. The geometrical approach is based on a fishnet model. It is well adapted to predimensioning fabrics and to give a suitable quantification of the resulting flat patterns. The mechanical approach is based on a mesostructural model. It allows us to take into account the mechanical properties of fibres and resin and the various dominating mode of deformation of woven fabrics during the forming process. Some numerical simulations of the forming process are proposed and compared with the experimental results in order to demonstrate the efficiency of our approaches.

Effect of warp and fill-fiber volume fractions on mechanical properties of glass/epoxy woven fabric composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 3501-3513
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aghaei ◽  
Mahmood M Shokrieh ◽  
Reza Mosalmani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Woven Fabric Composites ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Fabric Composites

Mechanical properties of woven fabric composites are influenced by fabric geometry and harness. In the present research, woven fabric composites made of ML-506 epoxy resin and E-glass woven fabrics with three different fabric geometries (harnesses of 2, 5, and 8) were studied experimentally. The new concepts of warp and fill-fiber volume fractions were introduced. Based on these new concepts, a micromechanical model for predicting the stiffness and strength of composites made of woven fabrics was developed. An experimental program was conducted to evaluate the present model and the new concepts of warp and fill-fiber volume fractions. The results obtained by the new micromechanical model have been compared with the conducted experimental results as well as the experimental data available in the literature, and very good correlations were obtained.

Weaving 3D Fabric with a “中” Shaped Cross-Section

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
Yu Tao Chang ◽  
Xiao Ming Qian ◽  
Hai Wen Liu ◽  
Hua Wu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Shaped Cross Section ◽  
Made In ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

3D woven fabric significantly improves the mechanical properties, especially the strength resulting from the between layers connections of yarns Hence, 3D woven fabrics have been widely used as reinforcing material in prefabricated composites, A particular 3D woven fabric with “中” shaped cross section was developed in this study .The fabric was made in a plane loom weaving machine. The designing procedure and processing methods are given in details.

Triaxially Woven Fabrics: Their Structure and Properties

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Weave Pattern

A loom developed for producing small samples of triaxially woven fabrics was used to weave experimental amounts of fabric from coarse string, from 3-ply, 840-den nylon yarn and from graphite yarn. The shedding and warp yarn indexing motions are controlled by a series of cams mounted on a cam roll. The sequence of cams can be changed to produce various weave patterns; changes in weave pattern can also be produced for any particular cam roll by varying the sequence of shedding and indexing motions. The nylon triaxial fabric and a range of square orthogonal fabrics woven from the same yarn were evaluated for various structural and mechanical properties. The stability of the triaxial fabric is much greater than that of an orthogonal fabric with the same percent open area. The triaxial fabric exhibits greater isotropy in its bending behavior and a greater shear resistance than a comparable orthogonal fabric.

scholarly journals Validation of Design of Regular Carbon Fabric Composite Plate with Woven Fabric using Tensile Loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma D. Thorat ◽  
V. S. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Fabric Composite ◽  
Carbon Fabrics

In many recent years the use of composite materials increases in many fields, for example agricultural uses, where these materials are characterized by good mechanical properties, tenacity and light weight. Among many other materials for the reinforcement of composites, technical fabrics are increasingly being used for the same purpose, especially from carbon fiber, which have good mechanical properties. During tensile stress these fabrics are elongated in the direction of tensile force, and at the same time they contract crosswise in relation to the action of the tensile force. In this Project the tensile properties of regular carbon fabrics and woven fabrics made from carbon fiber yarns were investigated. Static structural analysis of Regular carbon fabrics and woven fabrics base carbon fiber specimen will be done using ACP tool in ANSYS 19 software.

scholarly journals Influence of Water-Induced Degradation of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-Coated Woven Fabrics Mechanical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ambroziak ◽  
Paweł Kłosowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Proper Values ◽  
The Impact

The impact of water-induced degradation on the mechanical properties of the chosen two PTFE-coated, glass threads woven fabrics is investigated in this paper. The paper begins with a survey of literature concerning the investigation and determination of coated woven fabric properties. The authors carried out the uniaxial tensile tests with an application of flat and curved grips to establish the proper values of the ultimate tensile strength and the longitudinal stiffness of groups of specimens treated with different moisture conditions. Despite the water resistance of the main materials used for fabrics manufacturing, the change of the mechanical properties caused by the influence of water immersion has been noticed. The reduction in the tensile strength resulting under waterlogged is observed in the range from 5% to 16% depending on the type of investigated coated woven fabric and direction of weft or warp.

scholarly journals Bicomponent Carbon Fibre within Woven Fabric for Protective Clothing

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2824
Author(s):  
Stana Kovačević ◽  
Snježana Brnada ◽  
Ivana Schwarz ◽  
Ana Kiš
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fibre Surface ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Cyclic Stresses

For the purpose of this research, six types of woven fabrics with different proportions of bicomponent carbon fibres (CF), differently distributed in the fabric, were woven and tested. Fibre composition in the core and sheath was determined with X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Two types of bicomponent CF were selected which are characterised by different proportions of carbon and other polymers in the fibre core and sheath and different cross-sections of the fibres formed during chemical spinning. Physical-mechanical properties were investigated, as well as deformations of fabrics after 10,000, 20,000 and 30,000 cycles under biaxial cyclic stress on a patented device. Tests of the surface and vertical electrostatic resistance from fabric front to back side and from the back side to the fabric front were conducted. According to the obtained results and statistical analyses, it was concluded that the proportion of CF affects the fabric’s physical and mechanical properties, the electrostatic resistance as well as the deformations caused by biaxial cyclic stresses. A higher proportion of CF in the fabric and a higher proportion of carbon on the fibre surface, gave lower electrostatic resistance, i.e., better conductivity, especially when CFs are woven in the warp and weft direction. The higher presence of CF on the front of the fabric, as a consequence of the weave, resulted in a lower surface electrostatic resistance.

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