scholarly journals Special Issue on “Bioenergy Systems, Material Management, and Sustainability”

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Fernando V. Lima ◽  
Gerardo J. Ruiz-Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Bioenergy Systems

The growing worldwide demand for energy and resources, combined with the stringent environmental challenges and regulations, means that the efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable use of energy and material sources, including bio-based, has become increasingly important [...]

scholarly journals Challenges for Evaluation of the Safety of Engineered Nanomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Linda J. Johnston ◽  
Norma Gonzalez-Rojano ◽  
Kevin J. Wilkinson ◽  
Baoshan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Safe By Design

Abstract Nanotechnology has developed rapidly in the last two decades with significant effort focused on the development of nano-enabled materials with new or improved properties that offer solutions for current world challenges. The commercialization of products containing engineered nanomaterials (ENM) has progressed much more rapidly than the development of practical approaches to ensure their safe and sustainable use. The lack of adequate detection and characterization techniques and reproducible and validated methods for toxicological studies have been identified as major limitations. The rapid development of ENM of increasing complexity and diversity and concerns over the adequacy of existing regulations also contribute to safety concerns with these materials. The full potential of nanotechnology can only be realized when feasible, cost-effective strategies to ensure a safe-by-design approach, effective risk assessment approaches and appropriate regulatory guidelines are in place.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue on New Longitudinal Data for Retirement Analysis and Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marco Angrisani ◽  
Anya Samek ◽  
Arie Kapteyn
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Questionnaires ◽  
Internet Panels

The number of data sources available for academic research on retirement economics and policy has increased rapidly in the past two decades. Data quality and comparability across studies have also improved considerably, with survey questionnaires progressively converging towards common ways of eliciting the same measurable concepts. Probability-based Internet panels have become a more accepted and recognized tool to obtain research data, allowing for fast, flexible, and cost-effective data collection compared to more traditional modes such as in-person and phone interviews. In an era of big data, academic research has also increasingly been able to access administrative records (e.g., Kostøl and Mogstad, 2014; Cesarini et al., 2016), private-sector financial records (e.g., Gelman et al., 2014), and administrative data married with surveys (Ameriks et al., 2020), to answer questions that could not be successfully tackled otherwise.

Estimating the Size of the Human Trafficking Problem: MSE and Other Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110298
Author(s):  
Sheldon X. Zhang ◽  
Jacqueline Joudo Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Prevalence Estimation ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

The prevalence of human trafficking has remained as elusive as the method of producing its estimation is contested. There are significant variations in the way prevalence estimation is produced, with some methods garnering more attention than others. To complicate the issue further, the hidden nature of human trafficking makes it difficult to apply conventional probability-based sampling strategies, without which for reference purposes one cannot easily assess the merits of alternative estimation techniques. This special issue represents the most recent development and applications of one particular method, the multiple systems estimation (MSE) method. Although we remain biased towards primary data for prevalence estimation, MSE represents a cost-effective alternative for the purposes of advocacy, policymaking, and victim services.

scholarly journals Constructing single-entry stem volume models for four economically important tree species of Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
Panagiotis P. Koulelis ◽  
Kostas Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Models ◽  
Cubic Polynomial ◽  
Two Parameter

Abstract Three different nonlinear regression models were tested for their ability to predict stem volume for economically important native tree species in Greece. Τhe models were evaluated using adjusted R square (Adj Rsqr) root mean square error (RMSE) and Akaike information criterion (AICc), where necessary. In general, the quadratic polynomial and cubic polynomial models and the two-parameter power models fit the data well. Although the two-parameter power function fit best for fir, oak, and beech trees, the cubic polynomial model produced the best fit statistics for black pine. Making forest inventory estimates often involves predicting tree volumes from only the diameter at breast height (DBH) and merchantable height. This study covers important gaps in fast and cost-effective methods for calculating the volume of tree species at national level. However, the increasing need for reliable estimates of inventory components and volume changes requires more accurate volume estimation techniques. Especially when those estimates concern the national inventory, those models must be validated using an entire range of age/diameter and site classes of each species before their extended use across the country to promote the sustainable use of forest resources.

scholarly journals Priorities for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Forest Genetic Resources in Four Mexican Pines

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Andrés Flores ◽  
Javier López-Upton ◽  
Cristobal D. Rullán-Silva ◽  
Adriana E. Olthoff ◽  
Ricardo Alía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Forest Reproductive Material ◽  
Forest Genetic ◽  
Forest Genetic Resources ◽  
Combined Strategy

The strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of forest genetic resources, which are essential for the future adaptation of forest species to changing environments, are also a source of valuable genetic resources for breeding and restoration activities. The first step to define and implement cost-effective strategies is to identify specific priority populations. Mexico, in spite of being characterized by high levels of tree species diversity, mostly lacks a combined strategy for the genetic conservation and use of forest genetic resources. The aims of this work are: (i) to identify areas for gene conservation, and (ii) to propose measures for the conservation and sustainable use of forest genetic resources of four pine species: Pinus greggii Engelm. ex Parl., Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl., Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. and Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. To do that, we use the existing information on the distribution, genetic variation and conservation and breeding efforts in Mexico. Overall, 51 areas for establishing genetic conservation units were prioritized and 6 genetic zones for the use of forest genetic resources in breeding and selection of forest reproductive material were identified. The current conservation efforts for the four priority Mexican pines should be improved to satisfy the needs of a national breeding and conservation network.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Climate Change and Land Conservation and Restoration: Advances in Economics Methods and Policies for Adaptation and Mitigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Sarah Cline ◽  
Sahan T. M. Dissanayake
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Timber Harvest ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Welfare Impacts ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

Climate change will likely impact the ecosystem services and biodiversity generated from conserved land. Land conservation can also play a significant role in achieving cost-effective mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. In this special issue we feature seven papers from the 2017 NAREA Workshop, “Climate Change and Land Conservation and Restoration: Advances in Economics Methods and Policies for Adaptation and Mitigation.” The articles include papers furthering the methodological frontier; portfolio optimization, dynamic rangeland stocking, and global timber harvest models, and those highlighting innovative applications; climate smart agricultural practices in Nigeria and Vietnam, welfare impacts on birding, and carbon and albedo pricing.

scholarly journals Editorial for Special Issue “Sustainable Use of Abandoned Mines”

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Melida Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Special Issue

Abandoned mines are an abundant and widespread feature [...]

scholarly journals Introduction to the special issue on “Cost‐effective and innovative mineral exploration solutions”

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Malehmir ◽  
Musa Manzi ◽  
Deyan Draganov ◽  
Ute Weckmann ◽  
Esben Auken
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Special Issue

Special Issue on Enhancement of Societal Resiliency Against Natural Disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
Muneo Hori
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Estimation System

Enhancing social resilience in the event of natural disasters is a critical issue for Japan. It will requires a need huge efforts to further increase the physical preparedness; on the other hand, compared to increasing physical preparedness, enhancing social resilience is a cost-effective means of mitigating the effects of natural disasters. The Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion program (SIP), the biggest national research program in Japan, selected a theme related to enhancing social resilience in the face of natural disasters in 2014. The authors of this special issue worked as a part of the SIP for five years and developed state-of-the-art technologies for the enhancement, namely, next-generation tsunami and heavy rain observation, integrated liquefaction counter-measures, methods for sharing disaster information, a real-time disaster estimation system, an emergency communication system, and the development of applications for regional use. Most of the technologies have been implemented in efforts at natural disaster mitigation following earthquakes and heavy rains in 2017 and 2018. The development and implementation of advanced technologies are the essence of the SIP because it aims to foster innovation. While the SIP is a Japanese government program, it promotes international utilization of the technologies it develops. There are many instances which might be studied better by developing and utilizing advanced technologies in various countries following different types of natural disasters. I hope that this special issue will be a gateway for readers who are interested in using such advanced technologies to mitigate natural disasters and enhance social resilience during such events.

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