scholarly journals Chemometric Characterization of Synthetic Dye Sorption onto Slovakian River Sediments: A Laboratory Batch Experiment

Separations ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Anna Koprdová ◽  
Miroslava Bachratá ◽  
Vanda Adamcová ◽  
Martin Valica ◽  
Martin Pipíška ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dye Sorption ◽  
Conductivity Water ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The aim of the work was to characterize the sorption of cationic dyes thioflavine T (ThT) and methylene blue (MB) onto selected Slovakian river sediments using chemometric approaches including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Also, the potential of mentioned multivariate analyses for comparison of studied objects (river sediments or river and model waters) as well as in finding relationships between the variables describing the physico-chemical characteristics of studied matrices or waters and sorption/desorption characteristics of matrices for dyes binding under laboratory conditions was evaluated. Parameters describing the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments include: pH, pHzpc, or cation-exchange capacity; and in the case of waters: pH, conductivity, water hardness, content of dissolved solids or presence of organic compounds. From the comparison of dye sorption onto sediments, it was found that sorption of thiazine dye MB was minimally 1.5-times higher than sorption of benzothiazole dye ThT. Sorption capacities Qs reached the maximum values in the case of sediments originated from Dudvah River (MB-Qs = 8.70 ± 0.42 mg g−1; ThT-Qs = 5.03 ± 0.28 mg g−1; ±SD). Obtained results showed that applied methods of multivariate analyses represent a suitable tool for evaluation of sorption/desorption processes of organic xenobiotics binding in sediments.

scholarly journals A preliminary fish survey of the estuaries on the south-east coast of South Africa, Kei Estuary to Mdumbi: A comparative study

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
NC James ◽  
TD Harrison
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
The South ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Biogeographic Region ◽  
Warm Temperate

A preliminary ichthyofaunal and physico-chemical survey of estuaries on the south-east coast of South Africa from the Kei Estuary to the Mdumbi Estuary was undertaken between October and November 1997. Twenty-seven (27) estuaries were surveyed along this stretch of coastline and these were grouped into three estuary types: small (< 10 ha) predominantly closed estuaries, moderate to large (> 10 ha) predominantly closed estuaries and predominantly open estuaries. Multivariate analyses revealed significant differences between predominantly closed estuaries and predominantly open estuaries in terms of both their physico-chemical characteristics and their fish communities. There was no difference between small and moderate to large predominantly closed estuaries.  A significant relationship was also observed between the physico-chemical characteristics of the estuaries and their fish communities.  The estuaries in the study area fall within the warm-temperate biogeographic region; temperate species dominated the fish communities of all the estuaries. This survey represents one of the few fish surveys undertaken along this little-studied section of the coastline. 

scholarly journals Physico-chemical trends in the sediments of Agbede Wetlands, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Abdul-Rahman Dirisu ◽  
John Ovie Olomukoro ◽  
Ifeanyi Maxwell Ezenwa
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lotic System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chemical Trends

AbstractThis study assessed the physico-chemical status of sediments in the Agbede Wetlands with the aim to create a reference archive for the Edo North catchment and to further identify the characteristics mostly influenced by the natural and anthropogenic activities going on at the watershed. Nutrients, zinc, nickel and lead were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The clustering of stations 1 and 4 indicates that the sediment quality in the lentic systems was not completely excluded from the lotic system, suggesting that principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) techniques are invaluable tools for identifying factors influencing the sediment quality. The mean values of the particle size distribution were in the following order across the ecosystems: sand (61.86–80.53%) > silt (9.75–30.34%) > clay (7.83–13.89%). The contamination of the water bodies was primarily derived from agricultural run-offs and through geochemical weathering of the top soils. Therefore, our analysis indicates that the concentrations of cations, anions and nutrients in the sediments of the lotic and lentic ecosystems in Agbede Wetlands are not at an alarming level.

Bionanomaterials: Synthesis, Physico-Chemical and Multivariate Analyses of the Dicotyledonatae and Pinatae Essential Oil/ beta - cyclodextrin Nanoparticles

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Costescu ◽  
Nicoleta Gabriela Hadaruga ◽  
Daniel Ioan Hadaruga ◽  
Adrian Rivis ◽  
Aurel Ardelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complexes ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper presents a multivariate analysis (PCA-principal component analysis) of the essential oils from Dicotyledonatae and Pinatae classes encapsulated in b-cyclodextrin. The essential oil/b--cyclodextrin complexes were obtained by solution method. Uncomplexed volatile oils and complexes with b--cyclodextrin were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and thermogravimetry (TG), respectively. In order to evaluate the composition of the encapsulated oil, this was extracted from the complex and analyzed by GC-MS. For the GC data of the uncomplexed essential oils and the complexed ones, a powerful multivariate statistical procedure (PCA) was applied. Samples were very good classified in botanical classes or in uncomplexed and complexed ones using the GC data of the monoterpene compounds.

Assessment of Different Date Palm Based Mixes for Soilless Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-320
Author(s):  
Majid Basirat ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Davoudi
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Soilless Culture ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Water Holding

Date palm leaves are huge wastes in the growing regions which are mostly burnt annually. One of the solutions is converting leaves to substrate and using in soilless culture. In this study, 24 different mixes were produced by adding zeolite and vermicompost to the composted date palm substrate. The mixtures were incubated for 2 weeks in 35-40%(w/w) moisture. Their physicochemical properties were measured. To study the mixes, two multivariate methods were applied; Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the factors that affect mixture properties to a large extent and Cluster Analysis (CLA). The clustering was processed based on the factors recognized by the PCA. The CLA was done in several stages and in each stage the furthest mixture from cocopeat was deleted. Date palm substrate was processed by leaf waste composting. Using the CLA, on the basis of the PCA analysis, the most superior mixture was defined as date palm substrate (90%), vermicompost(5%) and zeolite (5%) respectively (P90 V5 Z5 ) with indexes in cation exchange capacity, particle density, total porosity, bulk density, water holding capacity and electrical conductivity in the same cluster as cocopeat.

scholarly journals Identification of indispensable components for a better drinking water quality management: Tunis case of study

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hassen Baouab ◽  
Semia Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Large Databases ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Conductivity Water

Abstract In order to reduce the number of operations for the assessment of potable water treatment, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering are applied to large databases of raw and treated water of three treatment plants with various processes. It appears that the measurements can be divided into three clear groups, with a correlation higher than 0.8. The first contains salinity, conductivity, water hardness, calcium, magnesium and chlorides. The second includes turbidity and organic matter. The third includes pH and alkalinity. Despite the disparities in water quality and in all the cases, three parameters were sufficient to represent all the routine measurements: conductivity, turbidity and pH, which can represent the three principal components of the data. It can reduce by two-thirds of the measurement and analysis, dropping from 6,960 to 2,088 analysis annually. The analysis on the principal axes of the individuals, represented by raw and treated water from the three treatment plants, reveals that the quality of the raw water seems more important than the type of treatment process, in the resulting quality of treated water. These results could be generalized and easily adopted by other treatment plants whatever the process. They could offer substantial savings of time, chemicals, electricity and longevity of the devices.

scholarly journals Geographical origin of honey from eight sub-regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alibabić Vildana ◽  
Oraščanin Melisa ◽  
Vahčić Nada
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Acacia Honey ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sensory Parameters

Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to define the geographical origin of three types of monofloral (chestnut, linden, and acacia), two types of multifloral (meadow and mixed), and forest honey produced over two consecutive harvest seasons in the Una-Sana Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina), which is geographically divided into eight sub-regions. Statistical analysis was applied to the measurement of physico-chemical and sensory parameters, as well as micro- and macronutrient (K, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Al) content, along with some heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and As). Using the PCA method the characteristic parameters for all eight sub-regions were determined, while the CA grouping method was used to determine the characteristic parameters for six sub-regions. Chestnut honey is predominantly found in Cazin, chestnut and linden honey in Bosanska Krupa, chestnut and acacia honey in Bužim, acacia honey in Sanski Most, mixed honey in Velika Kladuša and forest honey in Ključ.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Groundwater in the Vicinity of Coir Retting Areas of Kadinamkulam Estuary, South India

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Sonu Sasidharan ◽  
D. S. Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sulfide Content ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide Content

The present study was conducted in the selected groundwater bodies of the coastal gramapanchayath near Kadinamkulam estuary during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. Kadinamkulam estuary is one of the major coir-retting areas in Kerala. The major objective of the study is to assess the physico- chemical characteristics and hydrogen sulfide pollution of groundwater in the residential areas of Azhoor Gramapanchayath in Thiruvananthapuram district. Surface water samples from selected stations were also collected from the Kadinamkulam estuary. The physico-chemical characteristics of water were analyzed following the standard procedures in APHA (2012). The results show that the recorded values for color, pH, phosphate, calcium, magnesium and hydrogen sulfide were above the permissible limits of drinking water quality standards (Bureau of Indian Standards, 1991; WHO, 1993, 1996). This may be due leaching of effluents from the coir retting activity in the Kadinamkulam estuary and due to the disposal of solid wastes. The study also revealed that the hydrogen sulfide content was high in lake water samples which affect the primary productivity of the water body. The correlation and principal component analysis shows that color is an important parameter and from cluster, analysis it was found that phosphate and hydrogen sulfide content significantly affect the groundwater quality. The study concludes that the groundwater sources in the study area are getting contaminated due to the leaching of pollutants from Kadinamkulam estuary and anthropogenic activities in the nearby residential areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of the seasonal variations in hydrochemistry of Oued Fodda dam, Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Bouderbala
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Abstract This study was carried out on the surface water of Oued Fodda dam in western Algeria, and aimed to evaluate the seasonal variations of chemical characteristics with the aim to define the processes controlling the mineralization of surface water in this dam. The results showed significant variations in the majority of parameters during the study period from 2009 to 2013, indicating slightly alkaline water, and a SO4-Cl-Ca-Mg water type. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to explain the correlations between the parameters analysed, and the probable sources of surface water contamination. The calculation of saturation indices (SI) of water indicated undersaturated water with respect to halite (NaCl), and equilibrium with respect to the other minerals. While, the temporal variation of physico-chemical parameters such as EC, TDS, SO4 2-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ indicated a reverse adjustment between physico-chemical parameters and water volumes (WV) in this dam, which can be explained by the weathering of silicate and carbonate minerals, these were justified by the use of ionic ratios, diagrams and scatter plots and multivariate statistical techniques. Conversely, evaluation of the organic water pollution level in this dam showed a water quality from moderately to severely polluted.

scholarly journals First results on physico-chemical status and bathymetry of lakes in Ramaroshan Wetland, Far-West Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Tarka Bahadur Chalaune ◽  
Alina Dangol ◽  
Jiban Sharma ◽  
Chhatra Mani Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

This study investigates the bathymetry of three major lakes and the water quality of nine lakes at Ramaroshan Lake Complex Area (RLCA), Far-Western Nepal. Lakes were surveyed based on line transects using Echosounder (depth measuring gauge) and GPS to collect the data for bathymetry. Water samples were collected from 43 sites of nine lakes, considering the land use patterns, anthropogenic activities, inlets, and outlets. Twenty physico-chemical parameters were analyzed to know the water characteristics and pollution level. The bathymetry map showed that Jingale is the deepest lake (44 m), followed by Batula (15 m) and Mathillo Dhaune (9.5 m). There was no significant spatial variability in the concentration of physicochemical parameters among the sampling sites. The mean concentrations of cations and anions were in the order of Ca2+> Mg2+> Na+> K+, and HCO3-> Cl-> SO42-> PO42-> NO3-, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) techniques were applied to assess the influence of pollution levels and their controlling mechanism. PCA showed 79.89 % of the cumulative variance with > 1.26 Eigenvalue. Similarly, CA showed that Jingale Lake (in cluster 2) sites were less polluted than other sampling sites. Piper diagram concluded that there was a dominance of mixed water type belonging to Ca-Mg-Cl compared to Ca-HCO3. Furthermore, the Water Quality Index (WQI) value of the lakes in the study area was 27 indicating good water quality (slightly polluted).

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Trends in the Sediments of Agbede Wetlands, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Rahman Dirisu ◽  
John Ovie Olomukoro ◽  
Ifeanyi Maxwell Ezenwa
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lotic System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chemical Trends

Abstract This study assessed the physico-chemical status of sed­iments in the Agbede Wetlands with the aim to create a reference archive for the Edo North catchment and to further identify the characteristics mostly influenced by the natural and anthropogenic activities going on at the watershed. Nutrients, zinc, nickel and lead were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The clustering of stations 1 and 4 indicates that the sediment quality in the lentic systems was not completely excluded from the lotic system, suggesting that principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) techniques are invaluable tools for identifying factors influencing the sediment quality. The mean values of the particle size distribution were in the following order across the ecosystems: sand (61.86-80.53%) > silt (9.75-30.34%) > clay (7.83-13.89%). The contamination of the water bodies was primarily derived from agricultural run-offs and through geochemical weathering of the top soils. Therefore, our analysis indicates that the concentra­tions of cations, anions and nutrients in the sediments of the lotic and lentic ecosystems in Agbede Wetlands are not at an alarming level.

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