scholarly journals Assessment of Dietary Intake of Long-Distance Race Car Drivers—A Pilot Study

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Edem Appiah-Dwomoh ◽  
Anja Carlsohn ◽  
Frank Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Race Car ◽  
Race Car Drivers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Long Distance Race

Long-distance race car drivers are classified as athletes. The sport is physically and mentally demanding, requiring long hours of practice. Therefore, optimal dietary intake is essential for health and performance of the athlete. The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary intake and to compare the data with dietary recommendations for athletes and for the general adult population according to the German Nutrition Society (DGE). A 24-h dietary recall during a competition preparation phase was obtained from 16 male race car drivers (28.3 ± 6.1 years, body mass index (BMI) of 22.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2). The mean intake of energy, nutrients, water and alcohol was recorded. The mean energy, vitamin B2, vitamin E, folate, fiber, calcium, water and alcohol intake were 2124 ± 814 kcal/day, 1.3 ± 0.5 mg/day, 12.5 ± 9.5 mg/day, 231.0 ± 90.9 ug/day, 21.4 ± 9.4 g/day, 1104 ± 764 mg/day, 3309 ± 1522 mL/day and 0.8 ± 2.5 mL/day respectively. Our study indicated that many of the nutrients studied, including energy and carbohydrate, were below the recommended dietary intake for both athletes and the DGE.

Trunk extensor and flexor strength of long-distance race car drivers and physically active controls

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1183-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiner Baur ◽  
Steffen Müller ◽  
Frederike Pilz ◽  
Patrizia Mayer ◽  
Frank Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Race Car ◽  
Race Car Drivers ◽  
Trunk Extensor ◽  
Active Controls ◽  
Long Distance Race ◽  
Flexor Strength

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of the Oxford WebQ, a low-cost, web-based method for assessment of previous 24 h dietary intakes in large-scale prospective studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1998-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bette Liu ◽  
Heather Young ◽  
Francesca L Crowe ◽  
Victoria S Benson ◽  
Elizabeth A Spencer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the development of the Oxford WebQ, a web-based 24 h dietary assessment tool developed for repeated administration in large prospective studies; and to report the preliminary assessment of its performance for estimating nutrient intakes.DesignWe developed the Oxford WebQ by repeated testing until it was sufficiently comprehensive and easy to use. For the latest version, we compared nutrient intakes from volunteers who completed both the Oxford WebQ and an interviewer-administered 24 h dietary recall on the same day.SettingOxford, UK.SubjectsA total of 116 men and women.ResultsThe WebQ took a median of 12·5 (interquartile range: 10·8–16·3) min to self-complete and nutrient intakes were estimated automatically. By contrast, the interviewer-administered 24 h dietary recall took 30 min to complete and 30 min to code. Compared with the 24 h dietary recall, the mean Spearman's correlation for the 21 nutrients obtained from the WebQ was 0·6, with the majority between 0·5 and 0·9. The mean differences in intake were less than ±10 % for all nutrients except for carotene and vitamins B12 and D. On rare occasions a food item was reported in only one assessment method, but this was not more frequent or systematically different between the methods.ConclusionsCompared with an interviewer-based 24 h dietary recall, the WebQ captures similar food items and estimates similar nutrient intakes for a single day's dietary intake. The WebQ is self-administered and nutrients are estimated automatically, providing a low-cost method for measuring dietary intake in large-scale studies.

scholarly journals Educational differences in dietary intake and compliance with dietary recommendations in a Swiss adult population

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1059-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Lucia Mayén ◽  
Idris Guessous ◽  
Fred Paccaud ◽  
Silvia Stringhini ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Educational Differences

scholarly journals The intake of phosphorus through meat products: a health risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012057
Author(s):  
D Milicevic ◽  
D Vranic ◽  
V Koricanac ◽  
Z Petrovic ◽  
A Bajcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the dietary exposure of phosphorus in the Serbian adult population by combining individual consumption data with available data for analysed meat products. During a three years period of investigation (2018 to 2020), a total of 682 samples consisting of 425 cooked sausages and 257 smoked meat products were collected from different local retail markets across the Serbia to examine phosphorus concentrations. The mean phosphorus concentration, expressed as P2O5, varied from 4.68±0.88 g/kg to 6.05±1.30 g/kg in finely minced cooked sausages and smoked meat products, respectively. The average estimated daily dietary intake (exposure) (EDI) of phosphorus ranged from 1.115 mg/kg BW (body weight)/day (finely minced cooked sausages) to 1.441 mg/kg BW/day (smoked meat products). Phosphorus dietary intake (exposure) averaged 3.08% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI: 40 mg/kg BW/day). According to our results, the average phosphorus exposure in the Serbian adult population from consumption of these meat products is far below the European ADI.

Contribution of barriers to dietary intake in female patients with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mahdavi ◽  
Faranak Halali ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Majid Mobasseri
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Dietary Adherence ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Mean

Purpose Dietary adherence may potentially affect dietary intake. Besides, type 2 diabetes and obesity are closely inter-related. This paper aims to investigate the associations between barriers to dietary adherence and dietary intake among overweight/obese female patients with type 2 diabetes. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, 122 female patients with type 2 diabetes from Tabriz, Iran were recruited. All of them had received dietary recommendations from either a nutritionist or a physician. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured using standard methods. A 24-h dietary recall and food records assessed energy and macronutrient intake. Findings The mean BMI of the participants was 32.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2, and the mean daily total energy intake was 1909.5 (218.7) kcal. To assess the associations between barriers to dietary adherence and dietary intake, analysis of variance was used. Analysis revealed significant positive associations between energy intake and the barrier factors situational barriers/difficulty resisting temptation [B (SE) = 42.11 (20.50), p = 0.042], difficulty with meals and snacks plan [B (SE) = 36.13 (12.78), p = 0.005] and small portion sizes [B (SE) = 25.35 (13.58), p = 0.029]. Originality/value Diet has a key role in type 2 diabetes management. The results highlight the need for the barriers to be addressed in nutritional programs targeted for patients with type 2 diabetes. Thereby, level of adherence to the recommended program, eating habits and diabetes management could improve.

scholarly journals The Entrainment Frequency of Cardiolocomotor Synchronization in Long-Distance Race Emerges Spontaneously at the Step Frequency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberito R. de Carvalho ◽  
Renan dos S. Coimbra ◽  
Eric M. Thomas ◽  
Martín C. Rodríguez Paz ◽  
Barbara Pellegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Wavelet Decomposition ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Distance Race

In forced conditions, where the heart rate and step frequency have been matched, cardiolocomotor synchronization (CLS) has been recognized. However, knowledge about the occurrence of CLS and its triggers in sports gesture in real contexts is little known. To address this gap, the current study tested the hypothesis that CLS in running spontaneous conditions would emerge at entrainment bands of muscle activation frequencies associated with a freely chosen step frequency. Sixteen male long-distance runners undertook treadmill assessments running ten three-minute bouts at different speeds (7, 7.5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 km⋅h–1). Electrocardiography and surface electromyography were recorded simultaneously. The center frequency was the mean of the frequency spectrum obtained by wavelet decomposition, while CLS magnitude was determined by the wavelet coherence coefficient (WCC) between the electrocardiography and center frequency signals. The strength of CLS affected the entrainment frequencies between cardiac and muscle systems, and for WCC values greater than 0.8, the point from which we consider the emerging CLS, the entrainment frequency was between 2.7 and 2.8 Hz. The CLS emerged at faster speeds (13–15 km⋅h–1) most prevalently but did not affect the muscle activation bands. Spontaneous CLS occurred at faster speeds predominantly, and the entrainment frequencies matched the locomotor task, with the entrainment bands of frequencies emerging around the step frequencies (2.7–2.8 Hz). These findings are compatible with the concept that interventions that determine optima conditions of CLS may potentiate the benefits of the cardiac and muscle systems synchronized in distance runners.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Diet Photograph Record to Weighed Dietary Record and 24 h Dietary Recall for Estimating Energy and Nutrient Intakes Among Chinese Preschoolers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Xu ◽  
Ruonan Duan ◽  
Ping Feng ◽  
Wanke Gao ◽  
Dong Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

This study aimed to assess the relative validity of the diet photograph record (DP) for measuring the energy and nutrient intakes against the weighed dietary record (WD) and the 24 h dietary recall (HR) in the Chinese preschoolers. In this study, 40 preschool children aged 4–6 years and their parents were recruited from a kindergarten in southwest China. Dietary intake of the preschoolers on a same day, as estimated by the DP and the HR were compared with the WD. These three methods were administered by the three group of investigators independently. The mean differences, correlation coefficients, cross-classifications, and weighted κ, as well as the Bland–Altman plots were performed to assess the differences and agreements among the estimates from the DP, the HR, and the WD. For the DP and the HR, the estimates of energy and nutrient intakes were moderate to high correlated with the WD, with the higher coefficients ranging from 0.73 to 0.94 for the DP. Both the methods tended to underestimate the dietary intake, but the differences from the known weights using the DP were significantly smaller than those using the HR. The weighed κ values ranking the preschoolers ranged from 0.48 to 0.80 for the DP and ranged from 0.28 to 0.64 for the HR. Furthermore, the Bland–Altman plots indicated a better agreement between the DP and the WD for estimating energy and nutrient intakes. This DP is a valid tool for measuring energy and nutrient intakes among the preschoolers.

scholarly journals Effect Of Gender And Lifestyle Behaviors On BMI Trends In A Sample Of The First State’s Undergraduate Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm J. D’Souza ◽  
Karri-Jo E. Walls ◽  
Christine Rojas ◽  
Lynn M. Everett ◽  
Derald E. Wentzien
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

The 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report indicates that 63.4% of Delaware’s adult population is overweight and 28% is obese. Here, the authors reveal analyses acquired from detailed investigations about the importance of gender, and other lifestyle factors and behaviors on the Body Mass Index (BMI) trends amongst an indiscriminate sample of the Wesley College (Wesley) undergraduate population. A 25-question paper-format survey was distributed to 307 randomly chosen Wesley undergraduates. The accrued qualitative (or categorical) data were transferred to an Excel spreadsheet to construct and observe frequency distributions. A Chi-square test of independence (χ2) was performed between BMI status (normal, overweight, obese) and the following factors: gender, diet plan, adherence to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate nutrition guide, use of the seasonal flu shot, weekly workout schedule, supplement usage, participation on athletic teams, questioning of label nutritional facts, and the use of added salt in food. A 2-sample proportion test was performed between students who were overweight or obese for the same factors. Also performed were t-tests for mean BMI for those who followed USDA MyPlate guidelines and for those who did not. An analysis of 278 completed surveys show that 29.5% of the Wesley respondents are overweight and 19.8% are obese. The mean BMI for males was statistically higher than the mean BMI for females. The mean BMI for students living on-campus was statistically higher than the mean BMI for students living off-campus. The results also demonstrate that adhering to the USDA dietary recommendations for fruit and dairy can be important factors in reducing the risk of obesity. 

Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu ◽  
Judy Hayman ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Debbie Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Normative Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

The Safety and Antimicrobial Properties of Stabilized Hypochlorous Acid in Acetic Acid Buffer for the Treatment of Acute Wounds—a Human Pilot Study and In Vitro Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110156
Author(s):  
Ewa A. Burian ◽  
Lubna Sabah ◽  
Klaus Kirketerp-Møller ◽  
Elin Ibstedt ◽  
Magnus M. Fazli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Wound Irrigation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Acute wounds may require cleansing to reduce the risk of infection. Stabilized hypochlorous acid in acetic buffer (HOCl + buffer) is a novel wound irrigation solution with antimicrobial properties. We performed a first-in-man, prospective, open-label pilot study to document preliminary safety and performance in the treatment of acute wounds. The study enrolled 12 subjects scheduled for a split-skin graft transplantation, where the donor site was used as a model of an acute wound. The treatment time was 75 s, given on 6 occasions. A total of 7 adverse events were regarded as related to the treatment; all registered as pain during the procedure for 2 subjects. One subject had a wound infection at the donor site. The mean colony-forming unit (CFU) decreased by 41% after the treatment, and the mean epithelialization was 96% on both days 14 (standard deviation [SD] 8%) and 21 (SD 10%). The study provides preliminary support for the safety, well-tolerance, and efficacy of HOCl + buffer for acute wounds. The pain was frequent although resolved quickly. Excellent wound healing and satisfying antimicrobial properties were observed. A subsequent in vitro biofilm study also indicated good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 96% mean reduction of CFU, when used for a treatment duration of 15 min ( P < .0001), and a 50% decrease for Staphylococcus aureus ( P = .1010). Future larger studies are needed to evaluate the safety and performance of HOCl + buffer in acute wounds, including the promising antimicrobial effect by prolonged treatment on bacterial biofilms.

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