scholarly journals Board Directors’ Expertise and Corporate Corruption Disclosure: The Moderating Role of Political Connections

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masud ◽  
Bae ◽  
Manzanares ◽  
Kim
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Professional expert directors extensively influence corporate corruption disclosure (CCD), while higher political connections may exacerbate corporate management. This study investigates the relationship between the presence of external experts on a board and CCD, as well as the moderating effect of political connections, on the positive role of legal experts in CCD. The study combines agency, resource dependence and stakeholder theories to show how resourceful directors on the board can promote corruption disclosure. Using data on listed firms in the Bangladeshi financial sector, the study analyzes 247 firm-year observations from 2012 to 2016. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicate that accounting experts, legal experts, political connections and corporate media visibility each have a positive and significant influence on CCD. Moreover, the moderating effect of political connections on the relationship between legal experts and CCD is negative and significant due to their higher political influences. The study has significant implications for corporate governance and for policies concerning the development of the economy while reducing corruption.

Influence of Confucian culture on entrepreneurial decision making using data from China's floating population

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ran Xiong ◽  
Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Confucian culture has had a deep-rooted influence on Chinese thinking and behavior for more than 2,000 years. With a manually created Confucian culture database and the 2017 China floating population survey, we used empirical analysis to test the relationship between Confucian culture and individual entrepreneurial choice using data obtained from China's floating population. After using the presence and number of Confucian schools and temples, and of chaste women as instrumental variables to counteract problems of endogeneity, we found that Confucian culture had a significant role in promoting individuals' entrepreneurial decision making among China's floating population. The results showed that, compared with those from areas of China not strongly influenced by Confucian culture, individuals from areas that are strongly influenced by Confucian culture were more likely to choose entrepreneurship as their occupation choice. Our findings reveal cultural factors that affect individual entrepreneurial behavior, and also illustrate the positive role of Confucianism as a representative of the typical cultures of the Chinese nation in the 21st century.

scholarly journals Remuneration of independent directors: Determinants and policy implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-291
Author(s):  
Massimo Belcredi ◽  
Stefano Bozzi
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implications ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The Relationship

Taking advantage of a unique database on Italian Corporate Governance, we study the determinants of remuneration paid to individual non-executive directors (NEDs) and, in particular, to independent directors (INEDs). Our results on a database covering around 16,000 positions/year for non-executive directors in Italian listed firms (over a 9-year period) show that: 1) Remuneration is strongly affected by firm characteristics, in particular by firm size. Independent directors are paid less than gray directors; the gap between the two categories is, however, gradually closing, due to lower additional compensation being paid to gray directors in subsidiaries. Contrary to what happens in other countries, NED remuneration remained quite stable: a small increase is observable only for independent directors; 2) NED remuneration is influenced by the functions performed by individual directors within the board. On the contrary, individual directors’ characteristics have little or no impact. We find evidence of a gender pay gap among independent directors in less recent years; however, this gap has gradually disappeared in conjunction with the increasing number and role of female directors, following the adoption of gender quotas; 3) The relationship between independent directors’ pay and some variables of interest has changed over time: this is true not only for gender but also for Tobin’s Q (a proxy for the benefits from monitoring) and for the number of positions held in other companies. The changes we observe are apparently consistent with the market for directors’ pay in Italy becoming more mature after the introduction of Say-on-Pay and other regulation favouring investor activism. This is also consistent with a positive role played by both institutional investors and their representatives sitting on the board of listed companies after the introduction of said legislation.

scholarly journals Effect of Ownership Structure on Corporate Diversification of Listed Firms in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Peninah Jepkogei Tanui ◽  
Josephat Cheboi Yegon ◽  
Ronald Bonuke
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Corporate Diversification ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose - This paper aimed to examine the moderating role of capital structure in the relationship between institutional and foreign ownerships on corporate diversification of listed firms at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. Design/Methodology - The target population comprised of all the 65 listed firms at Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. However, the inclusion criteria were based on all firms listed at the NSE from 2003 to 2017. Findings - Capital structure significantly moderated the relationship between institutional ownership and corporate diversification. However, there was a statistically insignificant moderating effect of capital structure in the relationship between foreign ownership and corporate diversification. Practical Implications - As to increase diversification, listed firms are suggested to have low levels of capital structure and institutional ownership. Furthermore, low levels of foreign ownership and high capital structure is vital in attaining high diversification levels. Originality - The study contribution is the moderating effect of capital structure in institutional ownership - corporate diversification linkage.

scholarly journals How Does Corporate Party Committee Governance Affect Charitable Donations? Evidence from Heavy-Pollution Industries in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12242
Author(s):  
Huiming Zhang ◽  
Lirong Li ◽  
Cheng Fan ◽  
Zixuan Hang ◽  
Haroon ur Rashid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Charitable Donations ◽  
Party Committee ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Reputation Risk ◽  
Heavy Pollution ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

Charitable donations are an effective way for heavy-pollution industries to reduce their environmental reputation risk. In China, the communist party committees within corporations play a key role in decisions regarding charitable donations. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between the governance of corporate party committees and charitable donations. Using data from Chinese listed firms in heavy-pollution industries from 2013 to 2018, we found that corporate party committee governance enhanced the willingness of firms to donate and to increase the amount of their donations significantly. The effect on intention of charitable donations was pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises (NSOEs), whereas the effect on the amount of donations was pronounced for state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Party committee governance increased the amount of charitable donations in regions with a higher level of marketization, but it reduced the amount of charitable donations in firms/industries with a high degree of monopoly. Our findings provide insight for the decisive role of party committees in corporate charitable donations in heavy-pollution industries.

Consumer–Celebrity Parasocial Interaction: A Conditional Process Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110103
Author(s):  
Yadvinder Parmar ◽  
Bikram Jit Singh Mann
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Parasocial Interaction ◽  
Conditional Process Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Moderating Role

This article aims to empirically examine the mediating impact of consumer’s parasocial interaction on the relationship between celebrity images on the consumer’s purchase intentions. It aims to empirically investigate the moderating role of celebrity liking in the formation of consumer’s parasocial interaction. Four different versions of self-administered questionnaire using different celebrities as a stimulus were developed. Data were collected from 484 respondents. Quota cum judgemental sampling method was used for the study. The findings show that parasocial interaction mediates the relationship between celebrity images and purchase intentions. It also reveals positive moderating effect of celebrity liking. It has significant implications for marketers and academicians.

scholarly journals Please, Do Not Interrupt Me: Work–Family Balance and Segmentation Behavior as Mediators of Boundary Violations and Teleworkers’ Burnout and Flourishing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7339
Author(s):  
Vânia Sofia Carvalho ◽  
Alda Santos ◽  
Maria Teresa Ribeiro ◽  
Maria José Chambel
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Boundary Violations ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Work Family Balance ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The lockdown, in the COVID-19 pandemic, is considered an external crisis that evokes innumerous changes in individuals lives. One of the changes is the work and family dynamics. Based on boundary theory we examine the mediated role of work and family balance and boundary segmentation behavior in the relationship between boundary violations and teleworkers’ stress and well-being. However, because women and men live their work and family differently, gender may condition the way teleworkers lead with boundary violations and boundary segmentation. Hypotheses were tested through moderated mediation modeling using data collected of 456 teleworkers during lockdown. In line with our expectations, teleworkers who have suffered most boundary violations were those with least boundary segmentation behaviors and with least work-family balance which, in turn was related to higher burnout and lower flourishing. Furthermore, gender was found to moderate the relationship between boundary violations from work-to-family and segmentation behavior in the same direction and this relationship was stronger for females than for males. We discuss implications for future research and for managing teleworkers, creating sustainability, both during a crise and stable days.

How does renqing influence purchase intentions in the Chinese business-to-business context?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhang ◽  
Biao Xu ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between renqing and purchase intentions and the mechanism of its impact in the Chinese business-to-business (B2B) context. Design/methodology/approach Renqing in China has played an important role in business relationships and has been receiving increased attention in both practice and theory. However, little is known about whether it can influence purchase intentions in a rational B2B condition. This research aims to examine the relationship between renqing and purchase intentions and the mechanism of its impact in the Chinese B2B context. Based on a survey of 1,010 industry buyers from 468 Chinese downstream buyer companies, the empirical findings indicate a positive relationship between renqing and purchase intentions and the mediating role of long-term orientation (LTO) for increasing purchase intentions. In addition, this study also finds that product involvement (PI) has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between renqing and purchase intentions, which means that renqing has a big positive effect on purchase intentions in low PI conditions. The results highlight several implications for B2B companies that sell products to Chinese enterprises. Findings The empirical findings indicate a positive relationship between renqing and purchase intentions and the mediating role of LTO for increasing purchase intentions. In addition, this study also finds that PI has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between renqing and purchase intentions, which means that renqing has a big positive effect on purchase intentions in low PI conditions. Originality/value First of all, by answering the research question, this study shows that renqing has a positive effect on purchase intentions in Chinese B2B context. Second, this study elucidates the influence mechanism of renqing on purchase intention and identifies the mediating effect of LTO and the moderating effect of PI.

Team Knowledge Diversity and Team Creativity: The Moderating Role of Status Inequality

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1611-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Woo Park ◽  
Joon Yeol Lew ◽  
Eun Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Team Creativity ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Task Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Status Inequality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Organizational Tenure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

We examined the relationship between team task knowledge diversity and team creativity, and the moderating role of team status inequality, with a focus on organizational tenure and rank inequality. By adopting an input–process–output framework, we hypothesized that teams would achieve high levels of creativity when they have a large pool of task-relevant expertise that is differentiated and specialized among team members, but the relationship would be weakened when team members have different statuses. We tested our hypotheses using data from 325 teams of employees at 10 companies in South Korea. Results showed that task knowledge diversity was positively associated with team creativity and a team's status inequality in terms of organizational tenure moderated the relationship in a negative way. Our findings contribute to the literature on team creativity by providing new insights regarding how status inequality, which is almost ubiquitous in workplaces, plays a role in a dynamic team process for creativity.

scholarly journals The positive role of hope on the relationship between loneliness and unhappy conditions in Hungarian young adults: How pathways thinking matters!

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Chang ◽  
Olivia D. Chang ◽  
Tamás Martos ◽  
Viola Sallay ◽  
Ingo Zettler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Age and Happiness Varies by Income

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimiter Toshkov
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Old Age ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe link between age and happiness has been the subject of numerous studies. It is still a matter of controversy whether the relationship is U-shaped, with happiness declining after youth before bouncing back in old age, or not. While the effect of age has been examined conditional on income and other socio-demographic variables, so far, the interactions between age and income have remained insufficiently explored. Using data from the European Social Survey, this article shows that the nature of the relationship between age and happiness varies strongly with different levels of relative income. People in the lowest decile of the income distribution experience a ‘hockey stick’: a deep decline in self-reported happiness until around age 50–55 and a small bounce back in old age. The classic U-curve is found mostly in the middle-income ranks. For people at the top of the income distribution, average happiness does not vary much with age. These results demonstrate the important role of income in moderating the relationship between age and happiness.

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