scholarly journals Haline Convection within a Fresh-Saline Water Interface in a Stratified Coastal Aquifer Induced by Tide

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1780
Author(s):  
Elad Ben-Zur ◽  
Haim Gvirtzman ◽  
Eyal Shalev
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Horizontal Movement ◽  
Horizontal Flows

Sea-tide effects on the fresh-saline water interface (FSI) in a stratified coastal aquifer are examined through laboratory experiments. The physical model, a two-dimensional rectangular flow tank, is filled with layered aquifers and aquitards. The aquifers serve as the main entrances/exits of water to/from the system through significant horizontal flows, creating unstable conditions of heavier saline water above lighter freshwater for short periods of time. Several processes create mixing; this instability results in haline convection, creating downward fingering, stable rising of horizontal saltwater front, and unstable upward fingerings of flushing freshwater. The time lag between the sea tide fluctuations and the emergence of adequate fresh- and saltwater is higher in a stratified system compared to a homogeneous system. Furthermore, longer tide cycles lead to the enlargement of the FSI’s toe horizontal movement range. The combination of tidal forcing with a layering aquifer structure leads to a wider FSI by creating a significant salt- and freshwater mixing inside each layer, vertical flows between the layers, and saltwater bodies at isolated areas. Haline convection within the FSI might be the reason for the wider fresh-saline interfaces that are found in field studies.

scholarly journals Variation of fresh-saline water interface in a coastal aquifer influenced by rainwater infiltration and groundwater extraction

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki OHASHI ◽  
Yoshinari HIROSHIRO ◽  
Atsushi TSUTSUMI ◽  
Kenji JINNO ◽  
Hiroshi NIIDA
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Rainwater Infiltration

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Sea Tide-Induced Fluctuations of Groundwater Level and Freshwater-Saltwater Interface in Coastal Aquifers: Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Modeling

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Levanon ◽  
Haim Gvirtzman ◽  
Yoseph Yechieli ◽  
Imri Oz ◽  
Elad Ben-Zur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Saturation Degree ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Capillary Zone

Laboratory experiments were conducted in a vertical, two-dimensional, rectangular flow tank, simulating the response of a phreatic coastal aquifer to a sea tide. Imposed sinusoidal fluctuations of the saltwater level at one side of the flow tank caused three types of fluctuations: (a) hydraulic head throughout the aquifer, (b) saturation degree within the capillary fringe, and (c) salt concentration surrounding the freshwater-saltwater interface (FSI), all recorded by head, saturation, and salinity sensors, respectively. Significant time lags were observed both in the saturation degree within the unsaturated zone and in the salinity within the FSI. All measured values, recorded by the three types of sensors, were simulated and reproduced using a numerical model. The calibrated model was used for mapping the time lags throughout the aquifer. It was found that the time lag of saturation fluctuations within the unsaturated zone increased upward from the groundwater level as the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity decreased. Similarly, the time lag of salinity fluctuations within the FSI increased downward, with distance from the groundwater level. We interpret the low hydraulic conductivity at the capillary zone as the source of attenuation of both saturation and salinity, because both are controlled by the vertical advection of the whole freshwater body. This advection is significantly slower compared to the dynamics of pressure diffusion. The uniqueness of this study is that it provides quantitative data on the attenuation at the capillary zone and its effect on the salinity time lag in coastal aquifer systems.

Two-dimensional physical networks of lipopolymers at the air/water interface

2001 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W. Frank ◽  
C.A. Naumann ◽  
W. Knoll ◽  
C.F. Brooks ◽  
G.G. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Water Interface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Air Water Interface

Two-Dimensional DNA-Mimetic Molecular Organizations at the Air−Water Interface

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 2341-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Shimomura ◽  
Fumio Nakamura ◽  
Kuniharu Ijiro ◽  
Hirotaka Taketsuna ◽  
Masaru Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Interface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Air Water Interface

Quasi-two-dimensional flow on the polar β-plane: Laboratory experiments

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Espa ◽  
A. Cenedese ◽  
M. Mariani ◽  
G.F. Carnevale
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow

Self-Limiting Assembly of Two-Dimensional Domains from Graphene Oxide at the Air/Water Interface

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (35) ◽  
pp. 19018-19024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Zhang ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Shihe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Air Water Interface

scholarly journals Hydro-Geophysical Study for Well Design in Lower Reaches of Kasai River Basin, Eastern India

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Sinha ◽  
Shalivahan Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Well Design ◽  
Water Wells

Abstract Saltwater intrusion and up coning in coastal aquifer is a common phenomenon brought either due to flow of seawater into freshwater aquifer originally caused by groundwater abstraction near the coast or due to wrong casing design of water wells. This necessitates a study of aquifer disposition along with demarcation of fresh water saline water interface of Kasai River basin, Eastern India to determine the depth to freshwater and recommend the borehole design. In this study geophysical and hydrogeological techniques were employed to map to demarcate fresh and saline water interface. The phenomenon of saline water up coning is also noticed and accordingly water wells have been designed. For the said study, twenty two geophysical logs, sixty five lithological logs and hydrogeological data of eighty eight sites spread across Kasai River basin were utilized. The study shows that there are three regional aquifers exist in the area. It is recommended that water wells in the study area is to be constructed with artificial gravel packing of size 2-3mm and screen slot size is suggested to be 1.2mm. Since the sites are affected with saline water, hence isolation of zone is mandatory with proper cementing material or packer. This research work is able to develop a design model for the boreholes located in the area. The work as a whole will serve as a vital role in scientific management of groundwater resource and enable the rational planning in coastal aquifers so as to avoid fresh and saline water intermixing and up-coning.

Assembly of a Two-dimensional Cobalt-iron Cyanide Grid Network at an Air-water Interface

2002 ◽  
Vol 376 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Culp ◽  
A. NICOLE Morgan ◽  
Mark W. Meisel ◽  
Daniel R. Talham
Keyword(s):  
Water Interface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Iron Cyanide ◽  
Grid Network ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Cobalt Iron
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