scholarly journals Development of a Numerical Multi-Layered Groundwater Model to Simulate Inter-Aquifer Water Exchange in Shelby County, Tennessee

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2583
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Villalpando-Vizcaino ◽  
Brian Waldron ◽  
Daniel Larsen ◽  
Scott Schoefernacker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Memphis Aquifer ◽  
Shelby County ◽  
Pristine Aquifer ◽  
Confining Unit

Inter-aquifer water exchange between the shallow and Memphis aquifers in Shelby County, Tennessee may pose a contamination threat due to the downward migration of younger, poor quality groundwater into deeper, more pristine aquifer. Discontinuities (breaches) in the upper Claiborne confining unit (UCCU) allow for leakage into the Memphis aquifer, a sand-dominated aquifer that provides about 95% of the groundwater used in the Memphis area. This study created a multi-layered 3D groundwater model for Shelby County using the United States Geological Survey’s MODFLOW-NWT program to evaluate water exchange for a simulation period from January 2005 to December 2016. Results indicate an overall leakage through the UCCU of 61 m3/min into the Memphis aquifer in Shelby County, accounting for 10% of its water budget inflow, with localized areas experiencing as much as 20% water exchange. As young water tends to stay in the upper part of the Memphis aquifer, water budget assessment for the upper 60 m of the Memphis aquifer revealed leakage representing 29% of the zone inflow, and as much as 53% in certain areas. More localized studies must be conducted to understand the location, characteristics, and orientation of the confining unit breaches, as well as the inter-aquifer water exchange.

Lousy Jobs, Invisible Unions: The Mexican Retail Sector in the Age of Globalization

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Tilly ◽  
José Luis Álvarez Galván
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Union Coverage ◽  
Dominant Retailer ◽  
Retail Workers

Globalization and modernization transformed the Mexican retail sector over the last two decades. One result is that Wal-Mart has become Mexico's dominant retailer. Another is the poor quality of jobs in the Mexican retail sector. Drawing on a variety of data sources, we review changes and current patterns in the characteristics and quality of retail jobs in Mexico. Retail jobs are worse than the Mexican average. Union coverage is widespread but offers little benefit to workers. Unlike the case in the United States, Wal-Mart offers unionized jobs very similar in quality to those of other retailers; indeed, in general we find little difference between the jobs of global and domestic Mexican retailers. Globalization and modernization have left Mexican retail workers with lousy jobs and invisible unions.

Workers' compensation: Poor quality health care and the growing disability problem in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary M. Franklin ◽  
Thomas M. Wickizer ◽  
Norma B. Coe ◽  
Deborah Fulton-Kehoe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health

Seeking Influence Abroad

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-253
Author(s):  
Atul Kohli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Pacific Asia ◽  
The Caribbean

Born an anticolonial nation, the United States burst upon the global scene as an imperial power at the end of the nineteenth century. This chapter analyzes the American expansion into the Caribbean, Central America, and Pacific Asia. When the United States became a major industrial power in the late nineteenth century, it sought profit and power overseas, especially new economic opportunities. The United States experimented with colonialism but settled on creating stable but subservient regimes in peripheral countries as the main mechanism of control. Benefits to the United States included gains in trade, opportunities for foreign investments, and profitable loans. Countries under US influence, including the Philippines, Cuba, and Nicaragua, experienced some economic growth but became commodity exporters with sharp inequalities and poor-quality governments.

Predictors and Outcomes of U.S. Quality Maternity Leave: A Review and Conceptual Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110373
Author(s):  
Haley M. Sterling ◽  
Blake A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Work Related

Maternity leave includes the time that mothers take off from work to care for their baby and heal after childbirth. The United States’ maternity leave provisions lag behind other industrialized countries, resulting in poor quality maternity leave (QML) for many mothers. Accordingly, scholars have begun examining QML, a new construct that captures mothers’ subjective experiences of their leave, including dimensions like time off and flexibility. However, researchers know little about predictors and outcomes of QML. Therefore, in this literature review, we will integrate societal-, work-, and individual-level predictors as well as well-being and work-related outcomes of maternity leave into a testable conceptual framework for QML. This review has important implications for U.S. policy makers and organizations regarding their support of mothers. Future research should continue to build this framework to ensure that mothers and parents in the United States and internationally are provided the QML they need to thrive.

Knee Pain and the Use of Various Types of Footwear—A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 952-964
Author(s):  
Morad Chughtai ◽  
Jared Newman ◽  
Samuel Akil ◽  
Anton Khlopas ◽  
Assem Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Chronic Knee Pain ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractKnee pain is a highly prevalent condition in the United States with multiple etiologies, with two of the most common sources being osteoarthritis (OA) and patellofemoral pain (PFP). These conditions can lead to reduced physical function and a poor quality of life. Various modalities have been used to decrease the amount of knee pain that individuals' experience; however, they are not always successful and can be expensive. Several studies have reported on specialized footwear for symptomatic alleviation of conditions that affect the knee, this is because it has been theorized that certain footwear can alter the forces placed by muscles on lower-extremity joints, and can potentially alleviate pain by reducing the load placed on the joint. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the current literature on the use of various types of footwear used in patients who suffer from knee pain. Specifically, we evaluated: (1) knee OA and (2) PFP and the effect that different footwear has on patients' symptoms. Multiple different types of footwear and orthosis were utilized to treat patients with chronic knee pain. However, the results from reported outcomes by different studies are conflicting, which warrant further studies. Nevertheless, there are enough positive results to view this as a potential major modality to utilize for the treatment of knee OA.

scholarly journals Analysis Ready Data: Enabling Analysis of the Landsat Archive

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dwyer ◽  
David Roy ◽  
Brian Sauer ◽  
Calli Jenkerson ◽  
Hankui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Data Provision

Data that have been processed to allow analysis with a minimum of additional user effort are often referred to as Analysis Ready Data (ARD). The ability to perform large scale Landsat analysis relies on the ability to access observations that are geometrically and radiometrically consistent, and have had non-target features (clouds) and poor quality observations flagged so that they can be excluded. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has processed all of the Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) archive over the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, and Hawaii, into Landsat ARD. The ARD are available to significantly reduce the burden of pre-processing on users of Landsat data. Provision of pre-prepared ARD is intended to make it easier for users to produce Landsat-based maps of land cover and land-cover change and other derived geophysical and biophysical products. The ARD are provided as tiled, georegistered, top of atmosphere and atmospherically corrected products defined in a common equal area projection, accompanied by spatially explicit quality assessment information, and

A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Verneshia (Necia) Boone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Charter School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Special Interest Groups ◽  
Technology Centers ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
School Failures ◽  
Harsh Criticism

Since the inception of charter school programs, the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) has invested more than $3 billion while political leaders and special interest groups continue to express concerns about public charter school providers lacking accountability and delivering poor quality education for our disadvantaged students (2015). In recent years, the DOE continue to offer guidance, revise policies, and federal resources concerning the oversight of public charter schools; however, the harsh criticism surrounding charter school failures across the United States has not diminished (2015). The essence of this journal paper is to present a case study about the female owner's lawsuits and challenges while operating Triumph Management Company and its Duke, Duchess Technology Centers that are located in Midwest Region of the United States.. The author will provide a historical overview and discuss the management structure, leadership styles and other related topics. Discussion questions appear at the end of article.

THE LAST STAND?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond S. King ◽  
Rogers M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Supreme ◽  
Voting Rights Act ◽  
Shelby County ◽  
To Come ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn 2013, the United States Supreme Court decided Shelby County v. Holder, which invalidated Section 4(b) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The ruling is part of longstanding efforts to maintain American institutions that have provided wide-ranging benefits to White citizens, including disproportionate political power. Over time, such efforts are likely to fail to prevent significant increases in political gains for African Americans, Latinos, and other minority citizens. But they threaten to foster severe conflicts in American politics for years to come.

Cancer of the Larynx

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. Olshan ◽  
Mia Hashibe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Cancer of the larynx can affect the glottis, supraglottis, subglottis, and laryngeal cartilage. Traditional treatments for laryngeal cancer caused significant disfigurement, difficulty with swallowing and speech, and poor quality of life. Newer treatment methods seek to preserve laryngeal function. Worldwide, an estimated 157,000 new cases and 83,000 deaths from laryngeal cancer occurred in 2012, accounting for 1.1% of all new cancer cases and 1.0% of all cancer deaths. The risk of cancer of the larynx is nearly five times higher in men than women in the United States. Incidence and mortality rates of these cancers in males are decreasing in most high-income countries; this decrease is seen in all racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Active cigarette smoking is the strongest risk factor and explains the greatest proportion of cases. All tobacco products are strongly associated with increased risk, especially when combined with alcohol consumption.

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