scholarly journals Thermal Performance of Lithium Titanate Oxide Anode Based Battery Module under High Discharge Rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Zehui Liu ◽  
Yinghui Gao ◽  
Hongtao Chen ◽  
Chu Wang ◽  
Yaohong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Lithium Titanate ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Lithium Titanate Oxide ◽  
Battery Module ◽  
Oxide Anode

A lithium titanate oxide (LTO) anode based battery has high power density, and it is widely applied in transportation and energy storage systems. However, the thermal performance of LTO anode based battery module is seldom studied. In this work, a heat generation theoretical model of the battery is explored. The thermal performance of LTO anode based battery modules under high discharge rates is studied by both experiment and simulation. It is found that the temperature rise of the battery can be estimated accurately with the calculation of the equivalent internal resistance under different discharge rates. In addition, under the same depth of discharge, both the temperature rise and the temperature difference in the battery module increase with the discharge rates.

scholarly journals Direct Comparison of Immersion and Cold-Plate Based Cooling for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Modules

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Prahit Dubey ◽  
Gautam Pulugundla ◽  
A. K. Srouji
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Dielectric Liquid ◽  
Cold Plate ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Immersion Cooling ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Maximum Cell ◽  
Battery Module

The current paper evaluates the thermal performance of immersion cooling for an Electric Vehicle (EV) battery module comprised of NCA-chemistry based cylindrical 21700 format Lithium-ion cells. Efficacy of immersion cooling in improving maximum cell temperature, cell’s temperature gradient, cell-to-cell temperature differential, and pressure drop in the module are investigated by direct comparison with a cold-plate-cooled battery module. Parametric analyses are performed at different module discharge C-rates and coolant flow rates to understand the sensitivity of each cooling strategy to important system performance parameters. The entire numerical analysis is performed using a validated 3D time-accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology in STAR-CCM+. Results demonstrate that immersion cooling due its higher thermal conductance leads to a lower maximum cell temperature and lower temperature gradients within the cells at high discharge rates. However, a higher rate of heat rejection and poor thermal properties of the dielectric liquid results in a much higher temperature non-uniformity across the module. At lower discharge rates, the two cooling methods show similar thermal performance. Additionally, owing to the lower viscosity and density of the considered dielectric liquid, an immersion-cooled battery module performs significantly better than the cold-plate-cooled module in terms of both coolant pressure drop.

Thermal performance of a cylindrical battery module impregnated with PCM composite based on thermoelectric cooling

Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 116048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Jiang ◽  
Hengyun Zhang ◽  
Junwei Li ◽  
Peng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Thermoelectric Cooling ◽  
Battery Module

3D confined zinc plating/stripping with high discharge depth and excellent high-rate reversibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 11719-11727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Zhou ◽  
Xiaona Wang ◽  
Xiaofan Shen ◽  
Yanhong Shi ◽  
Chengfeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Ion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Depth Of Discharge ◽  
Zinc Plating ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Network ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
High Depth

Confining Zn plating and stripping in a robust and conductive 3D carbon nanotube network results in an electrode, which shows excellent reversibility at high depth of discharge and enables zinc-ion batteries with high-rate and long-term performance.

scholarly journals Rapid accretion of dissolved organic carbon in the springs of Florida: the most organic-poor natural waters

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4051-4057 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Duarte ◽  
Y. T. Prairie ◽  
T. K. Frazer ◽  
M. V. Hoyer ◽  
S. K. Notestein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Spring Discharge ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Flowing Waters

Abstract. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater emanating as spring discharge at several locations in Florida, USA and the net increase in DOC in the downstream receiving waters were measured as part of a larger investigation of carbon dynamics in flowing waters. Springs with high discharge (>2.8 m3 s−1) were found to be the most organic-poor natural waters yet reported (13 ± 1.6 μmol C L−1), while springs with lesser discharge exhibited somewhat higher DOC concentrations (values ranging from 30 to 77 μmol C L−1). DOC concentrations increased rapidly downstream from the point of spring discharge, with the calculated net areal input rate of DOC ranging from 0.04 to 1.64 mol C m−2 d−1 across springs. Rates of DOC increase were generally greater in those springs with high discharge rates. These input rates compare favorably with values reported for gross primary production in these macrophyte-dominated spring systems, assuming that 17% of macrophyte primary production is lost, on average, as DOC. The measures reported here are possible only because of the remarkably low DOC levels in the up-surging groundwaters and the short residency times of the water in the spring-runs themselves.

Characterization and Electrochemical Performance at High Discharge Rates of Tin Dioxide Thin Films Synthesized by Atomic Layer Deposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 6571-6577 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Maximov ◽  
P. A. Novikov ◽  
D. V. Nazarov ◽  
A. M. Rymyantsev ◽  
A. O. Silin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Layer Deposition
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