scholarly journals Development of Flood Defense Alternaives for the Beach of Deir El Balah Camp, Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Unconsolidated Sand ◽  
Khan Younis ◽  
Key Dimensions

The development along the coastal zone has led to the host of problems such as erosion, siltation, flooding, loss of coastal resources and the destruction of the fragile marine habitats. The erosion threatens the coastal zone, which affects people's economic, tourist, and recreational life. The main reason of the erosion is due to Khan Younis breakwater and the sea waves working on empty the beachy sand, thereby flooding and scouring the area as it ebbs and removing part of the unconsolidated sand. This study uses Geographic Information System to detect changes in the coastline along Deir El Balah coast during the 1972–2020 period. Shoreline change rates in the form of erosion and accretion patterns are quantified. In addition, four alternatives are proposed to to mitigate the current problems raised by repeated flooding and erosion through reefballs, cubes, geotubes and seawalls and analyze their impacts on coastal protection to provide the best possible mitigations in environmental, economical and engineering terms. Multi criteria analysis is used to assess the alternatives with respect to criteria that capture the key dimensions of the selection process. Multi criteria have been selected and addressed the most important factors when planning, designing, financing, and implementing coastal protection measures. Based on the analysis, the best alternative of three-row reefballs submerged breakwaters is recommended.

scholarly journals Assessment of shoreline positional uncertainty using remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study from the east coast of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Kongeswaran Thangaraj ◽  
Sivakumar Karthikeyan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
East Coast Of India ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
2004 Tsunami

The focus of this research was to assess the shoreline changes by comparing the satellite data from 1980 to 2020. The study area falls in the region between Kodiakarai and Nagapattinam of the east coast of India, which has frequently been distressed by storm surges and cyclones in the Bay of Bengal. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) detects and measures the erosional and accretional shoreline positions through the statistics of the Shoreline Change Envelope, Net Shoreline Movement, End Point Rate, Linear Regression Rate, and Weighted Linear Regression. The results show that the shoreline from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam suffered severe erosion of 17.7% in total with an average annual erosion rate of 3.4 m/year from 1980 to 2020 and the rate of erosion ranged between 0.1 m/year to 19.8 m/year. About 90.5% of the total shoreline was faced high erosion during the period between 2000 and 2010. The maximum erosion was about 1061 m from 2000 to 2010, the maximum accretion was found to be 1002 m in transects at Kodiakkarai during 2010 to 2020. After the effect of 2004 tsunami, the corresponding changes in littoral currents caused the drastic erosion and accretion in this shoreline. The DSAS prediction model shows that 19.3% of the current shoreline will erode in 2030. The maximum predicted erosion is 406 m at Kodiakkarai and the maximum predicted accretion is 148 m at Nagapattinam region. The coastal zone from Kodiakkarai to Nagapattinam needs special attention to prevent the erosion and it is recommended to build suitable coastal protection structures along the coast for sustainable development and to execute the coastal zone management for this region.

scholarly journals Exploring the Ever-Changing Seashore Using Geoinformatics Technology

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-555
Author(s):  
Ibra Lebbe Mohamed Zahir ◽  
Buddhika Madurapperuma ◽  
Atham Lebbe Iyoob ◽  
Kafoor Nijamir
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Shoreline Change ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Zone Management

Detecting coastal morphodynamics is a crucial task for monitoring shoreline changes and coastal zone management. However, modern technology viz., Geoinformatics paves the way for long-term monitoring and observation with precise output. Therefore, this study aimed to produce explicit shoreline change maps and analyze the historical changes of the coastline at the east coast of the Ampara District in Sri Lanka. The histogram threshold method is used to extract data from satellite images. The time-series satellite images, acquired from 1987 to 2017, toposheet, and Google Earth historical images were compared having adjusted with the ground-truth to find the seashore changes in the study area. The histogram threshold method is used on band 5 (mid-infrared) for separating land from water pixels which means that the water pixel values were classified to one (1) and land pixel values to zero (0). The extracted shoreline vectors were associated with each other to determine the dynamics of changing shoreline of the study area. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to find shoreline movements for each period of time. As a result, it was observed by the cross-section analysis within 100 m shoreline—seaward range along the study area—in which severe erosion has occurred northward of the Oluvil Harbor and anomalous accretion southward of the harbor because of the breakwaters constructed in the port entrance which hinder the long shore sediment transport along the study area. This situation has resulted in many ramifications to the coastal zone of the study area in socio-economic and environmental aspects in which the coastal protection mechanisms have not been well implemented to curb such issues.

scholarly journals Geological Evidence of Shoreline Erosion and Mitigation Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Anthony Woode ◽  
David Kwame Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Waves And Currents ◽  
Coastal Cliffs ◽  
Coastal Landform ◽  
Coastal Land

A survey was carried out along parts of the coastal stretch of Accra, the capital of Ghana, to determine the existence andthe extent of erosion. The survey was also to determine the effectiveness of the engineering solutions that have been put inplace. Coastal land forms as evidence of erosion were identified during the field survey. These include landslides of steepcoastal cliffs, coastal caves and arches, retreat of coastal cliffs, headlands, stacks and sand dunes. These pieces of evidenceconfirm earlier findings that the coastal shoreline of Accra is being eroded. The extent of erosion, however, is high in soft rocks and low in hard rocks. Several coastal protection measures have been put in place to address the effects of erosion by the sea waves and currents. These include revetments, jetties, ripraps and beach nourishment. Some of the mitigation measures however have shown signs of failure. The signs include rusted metal basket supporting cobbles of gabions, jetties causing down-current erosion of shoreline cliffs, and reduction in coconut population along the shoreline owing to human activities, such as sand winning and diseases attacks. Sand winning along the shore is lowering shoreline morphology and enhancing sea transgression and the destruction of coastal structures. Keywords: Erosion; Coastal landform; Coastal protection; Revetments; Shoreline morphology

scholarly journals Computer interactive GIS “The coastal zone of the Sevastopol region of Crimea”

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Yury Goryachkin ◽  
Vyacheslav Dolotov
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Regulated Rivers ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Recreational Resources ◽  
Quantitative Statistics ◽  
Term Monitoring

The information system based on the results of the study of the coastal zone of the Sevastopol region was developed in order to provide the available data to specialists who make decisions on the development of the region and the prevention of the destructive impact of the sea on land. The system presents materials obtained in the course of long-term monitoring, observations using space and aerial photography, including drones. It includes a detailed description of all sections of the coastline, the consequences of their transformation over a period of more than 100 years, assessment of the hydrometeorological and geomorphological conditions of the region, the results of ensuring coastal protection measures in certain areas and a detailed description of the coastal protected areas. Examples of the results of the cadastral assessment of recreational resources of beaches, developed earlier, are also given. GIS formats made it possible to implement quantitative statistics on individual objects, systematize landslide-prone areas in detail, and characterize the consequences of their occurrence. Special attention is paid to the description of the ecosystem conditions of numerous Sevastopol bays and the few estuaries of regulated rivers. Interactive GIS realization is providing access to the information in a visual interactive cartographic version.

THE ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR COASTAL ZONE MONITIORING AND MANAGEMENT (CASE STUDY FOR THE EAST PART OF GULF OF FINLAND)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikifor Ostanin ◽  
Nikifor Ostanin
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

Coastal zone of the Eastern Gulf of Finland is subjected to essential natural and anthropogenic impact. The processes of abrasion and accumulation are predominant. While some coastal protection structures are old and ruined the problem of monitoring and coastal management is actual. Remotely sensed data is important component of geospatial information for coastal environment research. Rapid development of modern satellite remote sensing techniques and data processing algorithms made this data essential for monitoring and management. Multispectral imagers of modern high resolution satellites make it possible to produce advanced image processing, such as relative water depths estimation, sea-bottom classification and detection of changes in shallow water environment. In the framework of the project of development of new coast protection plan for the Kurortny District of St.-Petersburg a series of archival and modern satellite images were collected and analyzed. As a result several schemes of underwater parts of coastal zone and schemes of relative bathymetry for the key areas were produced. The comparative analysis of multi-temporal images allow us to reveal trends of environmental changes in the study areas. This information, compared with field observations, shows that remotely sensed data is useful and efficient for geospatial planning and development of new coast protection scheme.

scholarly journals EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF COASTAL PROTECTION MEASURES FOR SMALL ISLANDS IN THE WADDEN SEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (34) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theide Wöffler ◽  
Holger Schüttrumpf ◽  
Roger Häußling ◽  
Hilmar Von Eynatten ◽  
Arne Arns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Protection Measures

Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt)

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Masria ◽  
Moheb Iskander ◽  
Abdelazim Negm
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Protection Measures

scholarly journals Micro Sand Engine Beach Stabilization Strategy at Puerto Morelos, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Escudero ◽  
Edgar Mendoza ◽  
Rodolfo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Protection Measure ◽  
Morphological Response ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Small Bell ◽  
Waves And Currents ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Waves

In the last decade, innovative beach nourishment strategies have been developed, driven by the increased worldwide interest in environmentally friendly coastal protection measures. In this context, the massive nourishment project of the Netherlands, known as Sand Engine, begun in 2011, has been hailed as a successful means of beach protection. Continuous monitoring, field campaigns, and numerical modeling have shown that the great volume of sand deployed is gradually transported by the waves and currents along the coastline, avoiding the need for repeated invasive, small scale beach replenishments. A very small, bell-shaped Sand Engine was designed to protect the beachfront at a tourist resort near Puerto Morelos, Mexico. To estimate the morphological response of the beach and the functioning of the micro Sand Engine as a sand reservoir, XBeach numerical modelling was applied to the project. The micro Sand Engine is seen to be a sustainable and eco-friendly coastal protection measure, especially applicable when a large nourishment project is not viable. Maintenance work for the nourishment is cost and time effective, and any negative impacts to sensitive ecosystems nearby can be detected and controlled quickly.

scholarly journals USING A DYNAMIC APPROACH FOR ZONING THE COAST OF THE SEA OF AZOV

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
A.E. Tsygankova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Bespalova ◽  
O.V. Ivlieva ◽  
A.A. Magaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Geological Conditions

The purpose of this work is to comprehensively study the ecological and geological conditions and results of monitoring studies of the coastal territories of the Bay of Taganrog and the Sea of Azov to identify indicators for assessing natural risks. The object of research is a complex system of the coastal zone, consisting of subsystems of land, sea and coast. The subject of the study is the assessment of the risk of loss of territory as a result of various natural factors, both constant over time (geological structure, height of the coastal cliff) and changing (dynamics of the level, waves, wind conditions). Within this framework, we show the use of a dynamic approach for zoning the shores of the Sea of Azov, performed based on a comprehensive analysis of natural and anthropogenic factors that determine the development of dangerous coastal processes (DCP). All factors divided into two groups: those that increase the intensity of coastal processes and those that contribute to reducing their manifestations. It established that hydrodynamic factors in the development of DCP are the determining factors. Anthropogenic impact can be associated with both global and regional impacts, through ecosystem changes, regulation of river flow, environmental pollution, and local – irrational coastal protection, industrial and agricultural activities in the coastal zone, unauthorized removal of beach material, etc.

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