CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM UNDER BICYCLE ERGOMETER TEST IN SKIERS WITH DIFFERENT TRAINING STATUS (KOMI REPUBLIC)

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Yu.G. Solonin ◽  
T.P. Loginova ◽  
I.O. Garnov ◽  
A.L. Markov ◽  
A.A. Chernykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Unit Pulse ◽  
Ski Racers

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of training status on ski racers (Komi Republic) at rest and under bicycle ergometry evaluating their cardiorespiratory system parameters. Materials and Methods. The authors examined male ski racers with different training status: 22 first-rank sportsmen, 22 candidates for Master of Sports and 22 Masters of Sports. Athletes underwent bicycle ergometry loads up to refusal. Oxycon Pro system (Germany) was used. Then authors studied the complex of cardiorespiratory parameters, calculating maximum oxygen consumption and unit physiological cost. Results. At rest and under standard physical load (200 W) Masters of Sports demonstrate significantly increased training status among ski racers in such cardiorespiratory system parameters as heart rate, rate pressure product and oxygen pulse. Under standard physical load (200 W) statistically significant differences between first-rank sportsmen and candidates for Master of Sports are detected by heart rate, rate pressure product, respiration rate, respiratory minute volume and oxygen utilization coefficient. Such deviations indicate differences in training status. Under maximum load, the highest training status is found in Masters of Sports: bicycle ergometry load power and duration; unit pulse, pressor and cardiac cost, bulk and unit values of maximum oxygen consumption. Heart rate values, unit pulse and heart-vent cost indicate a high training status in candidates for Master of Sports under load up to refusal, if compared with first-rank sportsmen. Athletes’ organism under load up to refusal works more efficiently than under moderate load (200 W). The training status in ski racers (Komi Republic) is manifested in the saving cardiorespiratory system functions, both at rest and under standard bicycle ergometry, as well as in parameters of unit physiological cost under loads up to refusal and increased values of maximum oxygen consumption. Keywords: ski racers, Komi Republic, training status, bicycle ergometry loads, cardiorespiratory system, maximum oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals THE FUNCTIONAL READINESS OF ATHLETES FROM CYCLIC SPORTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
V Kornyakova ◽  
V Badtieva ◽  
V Сonway
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Biochemical Research ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. The study aims at assessing the functional status of highly skilled athletes from track-and-field and ski sports and determining fatigue criteria. Materials and methods. Highly skilled track-and-field athletes (43) and skiers (16) underwent examination at the preparatory stage of a training cycle. The functional readiness of athletes was assessed using questionnaires, anthropometric, physiological and biochemical research methods. Results. According to the medical history and questionnaire data, all athletes were divided into two groups: the first group included subjects without any signs of fatigue, the second group comprised athletes with fatigue complaints. In athletes with fatigue complaints, increased heart rate was recorded both at rest and after the recovery period; physical efficiency reduced by 28 %, maximum oxygen consumption – by 17.7 %. Heart rate variability in these athletes demonstrates the increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and increased stress index of the regulatory systems. Glutathione content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) were lower in the erythrocytes of the second group. Some alterations in physiological and biochemical data of the second group demonstrated the presence of physical fatigue. Conclusion. 37.3 % of athletes from cyclic sports experienced any fatigue. The data of antioxidant protection, physical efficiency, maximum oxygen consumption and heart rate variabi­lity can be used for a comprehensive assessment of functional readiness and physical fatigue in athletes.

Indirect determination of maximal O2 consumption in man

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Margaria ◽  
P. Aghemo ◽  
E. Rovelli
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Submaximal Work

A nomogram is described for obtaining the value of maximum oxygen consumption per kilogram of body weight from the heart rate values observed at two submaximal work loads. The exercise consists in stepping up and down a 30- to 40-cm bench at a frequency dictated by a metronome. This procedure can be applied to all classes of subjects; the variability of the data obtained is within ±7% with those directly determined. maximum muscle power; aerobic fitness test for sport Submitted on January 27, 1965

scholarly journals Effect of voluntary breathing exercises on stable coronary artery disease in heart rate variability and rate-pressure product: a study protocol for a single blind, prospective randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wu ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Yao-Yao Hu ◽  
Qiu-Shi Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Stable Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract Background: At present, China has more than 11 million patients with stable coronary heart disease, becoming a major public health problem. The pathological changes of coronary heart disease can lead to dysfunction of cardiac autonomic nervous system, which increases the risk of complications such as malignant arrhythmia (ventricular flutter, ventricular fibrillation, etc.), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and rate-pressure-product (RPP), which is highly correlated with myocardial oxygen consumption and indirectly reflects myocardial blood supply and oxygen consumption. Although the guidelines recommend that such patients take drugs to reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption, the clinical control of heart rate is still not ideal. Thus, in this trial, we will use voluntary breathing exercises as the strategy of exercise rehabilitation patients with SCAD, in order to increase the vagus nerve activity and/or reduce the sympathetic nervous activity, help maintain or rebuild the balance of plant nerve system, improve the time domain index of heart rate variability, reduce the burden on the heart, relieve patients' anxiety and other negative emotions. Methods: This is a 6 months single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial that will be conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Eighty patients who fill out the Informed Consent Form are registered and randomized 1:1 into the VBE-based clinical trial monitoring group (n = 40) or the Routine follow-up group (n = 40). The VBE-based clinical trial monitoring group is given VBE training on the basis of conventional treatment and health education, while the control group received conventional health education and follow-up. The primary outcome will be measured heart rate variability (HRV) and rate-pressure product (RPP). Secondary outcomes will include changes in self-rating anxiety ccale (SAS), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C), weight and body mass index (BMI). Discussion: This trial will carry out scientific respiratory exercise for patients with stable coronary heart disease, which belongs to the category of active secondary prevention for patients, and changes from remedial to pre-protective. VBE is easy to operate, and is not limited by time and place. It is very important and meaningful to carry out VBE for patients with SCAD. This study will provide considerable evidence for further large-scale trials and alternative strategies for the rehabilitation nursing of patients with SCAD. Trial registration: This study is registered at Chinese Clinical Trials Registry.gov, ID:1900024043.Registered on 23 June 2019.

Effect of Different Types of Lower-limb Exercise on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive People: A Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozita Hedayti ◽  
Salimeh Mahmoodi ◽  
Rasool Bagheri ◽  
Marjan Biglary ◽  
Amir Hoshang Bakhtiary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Concentric Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: The current study aimed at determining the immediate and long-lasting effects of eccentric and concentric exercises on hypertension in individuals with high blood pressure. Methods: A total of 45 hypertensive volunteers were randomly assigned to three intervention groups as eccentric exercise (n = 15), concentric exercise (n = 15), and control (n = 15) groups. All the volunteers underwent exercise interventions for four weeks, three sessions per week (12 sessions in total) as treadmill walking with +10% gradient (concentric group), -10% gradient (eccentric group), or neutral gradient. Before the intervention, immediately after the first session of the intervention, after the end of the intervention, and 48 hours after the end of the intervention, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and maximum oxygen consumption were measured and compared between the groups. Results: The positive gradient group had higher diastolic blood pressure 48 h after the intervention than the negative and neutral gradient groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the other study variables between eccentric and concentric exercise groups (P > 0.05). Statistical analysis showed that eccentric exercises immediately reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05). Eccentric and constrictive exercises reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure for the long term (P < 0.05). Exonerative and constrictive exercises improved the heart rate, maximum oxygen consumption, and systolic blood and diastolic blood pressure in the short and long term (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Eccentric and concentric exercises with immediate and long-lasting effects improved systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as heart rate and maximum oxygen consumption. No significant difference was found between the two types of exercises in terms of the variables studied.

Association of Heart Rate Recovery and Maximum Oxygen Consumption in Patients With Chronic Congestive Heart Failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 942-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Hirsh ◽  
Timothy J. Vittorio ◽  
Svetlana L. Barbarash ◽  
Alhakam Hudaihed ◽  
Chi-Hong Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Chronic Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption

scholarly journals Effect of Thiamine Pyrophosphate on Levels of Serum Lactate, Maximum Oxygen Consumption and Heart Rate in Athletes Performing Aerobic Activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
VM Bautista-Hernández ◽  
R López-Ascencio ◽  
M Del Toro-Equihua ◽  
C Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Thiamine Pyrophosphate ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Lactate Levels

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) on serum lactate levels, maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) and heart rate in male athletes performing aerobic activity. A double-blind, randomized, crossover study was performed in which lactate levels, Vo2max and heart rates in 27 male athletes were compared at rest and after exercise, following administration of placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%) or TPP (1 mg/kg). At rest, serum lactate levels after placebo or TPP were similar; however, after exercise, the levels were lower in the athletes after taking TPP than after placebo. During exercise, Vo2max in athletes on TPP was higher than on placebo. At rest, heart rate after taking placebo or TPP was similar but, after exercise, heart rate was lower after taking TPP than after placebo. It is concluded that TPP caused serum lactate levels and heart rate to be lower than placebo and Vo2max to be higher in athletes performing aerobic physical activity.

scholarly journals Assessment of Maximal Aerobic Capacity in Ski Mountaineering: A Laboratory-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7002
Author(s):  
Verena Menz ◽  
Martin Niedermeier ◽  
Rainer Stehle ◽  
Hendrik Mugele ◽  
Martin Faulhaber
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Good Agreement

This study aims to evaluate the agreement in maximum oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) between a running protocol and a ski mountaineering (SKIMO) protocol. Eighteen (eleven males, seven females) ski mountaineers (age: 25 ± 3 years) participated in the study. V˙O2max, maximum heart rate (HRmax), and maximum blood lactate concentration (BLAmax) were determined in an incremental uphill running test and an incremental SKIMO-equipment-specific test. V˙O2max did not differ between the SKIMO and uphill running protocols (p = 0.927; mean difference –0.07 ± 3.3 mL/min/kg), nor did HRmax (p = 0.587, mean difference –0.7 ± 5.1 bpm). A significant correlation was found between V˙O2max SKIMO and V˙O2max running (p ≤ 0.001; ICC = 0.862 (95% CI: 0.670−0.946)). The coefficient of variation was 4.4% (95% CI: 3.3−6.5). BLAmax was significantly lower for SKIMO compared to running (12.0 ± 14.1%; p = 0.002). This study demonstrates that V˙O2max determined with a traditional uphill running protocol demonstrates good agreement with an equipment-specific SKIMO protocol.

scholarly journals PO-136 Cycling Incremental test using Breath-by-breath Metabolic Cart to Predict VO2 max

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Haixia Fu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Metabolic Cart

Objective Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is a key indicator to assess health as well as sports performance. In heterogeneous, athletic populations, VO2 max is one of the most frequently measured variables in exercise physiology laboratories. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Maximal oxygen uptake with other metabolism parameters during one high-intensity activity, and provide simple solution for VO2 max prediction. Methods A total of 27 young athletes were selected. The incremental test was performed on a cycle ergometer (Monark 874 E, Sweden). Participants warmed up for 5 min at 50 watts (W); thereafter, the power output was increased 125 W every 3 min until exhaustion, which was defined as the incapacity to maintain a pedal cadence above 60 revolution per minute (rpm). Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), carbon dioxide production (V̇CO2) and other metabolism indexes were obtained breath-by-breath throughout the test using a metabolic cart (Quark b2, COSMED, Italy). Heart rate (HR) was measured throughout the test using a HR monitor (Polar Vantage NV, Finland). The main method in the VO2 prediction is the use of a mixed effects regression model. The potential explanatory variables include VO2kg (functional data with information on oxygen consumption per kg weight during the test), HR (functional data with heart rate information during the test), MHR (maximum heart rate of the athlete), VO2kgmean (average oxygen consumption during the test), VO2kgmax (maximum oxygen consumption value during the test), VCO2 (carbon dioxide emissions per minute during the test), HRmean (heart rate average), HRmax (maximum heart rate value during the test), age, height, weight. The model statistical analyses were implemented in R platform (version 3.3.3). Results (1) regression model results revealed MHR did not have stronger effects on VO2 max prediction. (2) Parameters of VO2kg, HR, HRmean, height, weight showed relative higher r2 values and lower RMSE values indicating the possible indexes for VO2 max prediction. (3) the interaction effects occurred between indicators which increase the complexity of the model. Conclusions In this study, a simple methodology for the prediction of maximum oxygen consumption has been presented. It combines a relatively simple level of base metabolism parameters. Despite the easy test and low level of exercise required the test provides an rational prediction of VO2 max, which could provide necessary information when it applied as a simple way. 

scholarly journals Validity of the Actiheart step test for the estimation of maximum oxygen consumption in endurance athletes and healthy controls

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Heydenreich ◽  
Yves Schutz ◽  
Katarina Melzer ◽  
Bengt Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance

Submaximal step tests are often used for estimation of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) in humans. The validity of the Actiheart step test for VO2max estimation was not fully studied yet. Therefore, purpose of the study was to estimate VO2max using the Actiheart step test and to compare the data with measured VO2max in endurance trained athletes (ATH) and healthy non-athletes (CON).68 ATH (54% men, 28.0±5.4 yrs, 20.9±1.7 kg∙m-2) and 63 CON (46% men, 27.6±5.1 yrs, 22.1±1.7 kg∙m-2) performed the Actiheart step test and a spiroergometry for assessment of VO2max. In addition, resting metabolic rate (RMR; indirect calorimetry), maximum heart rate (HRmax; heart rate monitoring system during spiroergometry), and sleeping heart rate (SHR; Actiheart 6-day long term measurement) were determined. Validity of two different Actiheart software entry modes was assessed: (1) AHraw (estimated RMR [Schofield] and HRmax [Tanaka], SHR = 70 bpm) and (2) AHcomplete (measured RMR, HRmax, and SHR). Validity was investigated using linear regression (R2 and standard error of the estimate (SEE)) and repeated-measures ANOVA with a Bonferroni post-hoc correction. The level of significance was set to α=0.05.VO2max estimated by AHraw was significant related to measured VO2max in women CON (R2=0.22; p<0.05), whereas when VO2max was estimated by AHcomplete the relation was significant in women ATH and CON, and in men CON (R2=0.17-0.24; p<0.05). AHraw significantly underestimated VO2max in the total sample by 8% (51.4±10.2 vs. 55.9±7.6 ml∙kg-1∙min-1; p<0.0001), whereas no significant difference between AHcomplete and the criterion method was found (57.0±11.1 vs. 55.9±7.6 ml∙kg-1∙min-1; p=0.26).The Actiheart step test is an acceptable tool for the estimation of VO2max if an error within 8% can be tolerated. However, accuracy of the VO2max prediction is much improved when entering measured variables, such as RMR, SHR, and HRmax, into the software.

scholarly journals The Effects of Music Intensity on Performance and Cardiovascular Responses in Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Paria Torkamandi ◽  
◽  
Ali Akbarnejad ◽  
Abbas Ali Gaeini ◽  
Ali Gharecheshmei Ghahremanloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Pressure Maximum

Introduction: The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of different musical intensities on performance and cardiovascular responses after incremental exercise in male athletes. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a cross-over design, 15 male athletes were voluntarily selected. The study subjects performed Bruce protocol, along with listening to progressive music, slow music, and without music until exhaustion. Results: This study indicated that systolic and diastolic blood pressure, maximum oxygen consumption, maximum heart rate, and time to exhaustion insignificantly decreased while listening to slow music, compared to the no music (P=0.134, P=0.993, P=0.999, P=0.160, P=0.819, respectively). Furthermore, while listening to progressive music, compared to no music, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as maximum heart rate insignificantly increased (P=0.735, P=0.999, P=0.496, respectively); the maximum oxygen consumption and the time of exhaustion significantly increased in the study subjects (P=0.043, P=0.008 respectively). Moreover, while listening to progressive music, compared to slow music, the systolic blood pressure, maximum oxygen consumption, maximum heart rate, and the time of exhaustion significantly increased (P=0.004, P=0.009, P=0.002, P=0.001 respectively); however, diastolic blood pressure presented an insignificant decrease (P=0.253). Conclusion: The obtained findings revealed that listening to progressive music can affect physiological factors and performance during exercising. It increases the athlete’s motivation and postpones the time to exhaustion to continue exercising; however, listening to slow music creates a state of relaxation during exercise and reduces heart rate. As a result, individuals with hypertension can decline their blood pressure during endurance exercise by listening to soft music.

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