scholarly journals CROSS-BORDER POPULATION MOBILITY AMID AND AFTER THE PANDEMIC SHOCK

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
I.Р. Tsapenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Mobility ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Population

scholarly journals Migration Diplomacy in the Global South: Cooperation, Coercion and Issue Linkage in Gaddafi’s Libya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerasimos Tsourapas
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Issue Linkage ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
French And English ◽  
Policy Analysts ◽  
Border Population ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Distinct Field

Despite a recent resurgence in research on the politics of migration, foreign policy analysts have yet to approach cross-border population mobility as a distinct field of inquiry. Particularly within the Global South, scant work has theorised the interplay between migration and interstate bargaining. This article proposes the framework of migration diplomacy to examine how mobility features in states’ issue-linkage strategies, in both cooperative and coercive contexts. Drawing on Arabic, French and English primary sources, it empirically demonstrates the salience of its framework through an analysis of Libya’s migration diplomacy towards its Arab, African and European neighbours under Muammar Gaddafi.

scholarly journals Towards tuberculosis elimination: an action framework for low-incidence countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Lönnroth ◽  
Giovanni Battista Migliori ◽  
Ibrahim Abubakar ◽  
Lia D'Ambrosio ◽  
Gerard de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Latent Tb Infection ◽  
Quality Diagnosis

This paper describes an action framework for countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence (<100 TB cases per million population) that are striving for TB elimination. The framework sets out priority interventions required for these countries to progress first towards “pre-elimination” (<10 cases per million) and eventually the elimination of TB as a public health problem (less than one case per million). TB epidemiology in most low-incidence countries is characterised by a low rate of transmission in the general population, occasional outbreaks, a majority of TB cases generated from progression of latent TB infection (LTBI) rather than local transmission, concentration to certain vulnerable and hard-to-reach risk groups, and challenges posed by cross-border migration. Common health system challenges are that political commitment, funding, clinical expertise and general awareness of TB diminishes as TB incidence falls. The framework presents a tailored response to these challenges, grouped into eight priority action areas: 1) ensure political commitment, funding and stewardship for planning and essential services; 2) address the most vulnerable and hard-to-reach groups; 3) address special needs of migrants and cross-border issues; 4) undertake screening for active TB and LTBI in TB contacts and selected high-risk groups, and provide appropriate treatment; 5) optimise the prevention and care of drug-resistant TB; 6) ensure continued surveillance, programme monitoring and evaluation and case-based data management; 7) invest in research and new tools; and 8) support global TB prevention, care and control. The overall approach needs to be multisectorial, focusing on equitable access to high-quality diagnosis and care, and on addressing the social determinants of TB. Because of increasing globalisation and population mobility, the response needs to have both national and global dimensions.

Why Physical Barriers Backfire: How Immigration Enforcement Deters Return and Increases Asylum Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 001041402110242
Author(s):  
Justin Schon ◽  
David Leblang
Keyword(s):  
Sunk Costs ◽  
Immigration Enforcement ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Time Period ◽  
States Immigration ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Backfire Effect ◽  
Border Population

What, if any, effect do physical barriers have on cross-border population movements? The foundational claim that barriers reduce migration flows remains unsupported. We conceptualize barriers as a tool of immigration enforcement, which we contend is one form of state repression. State repression could reduce mobilization (reduce immigration), have no effect on mobilization (barriers as symbolic political tools), or increase mobilization (backfire). We evaluate the relationship between barriers and cross-border population movements using a global directed dyad-year dataset for the 1990–2016 time period of all contiguous dyads and nearby non-contiguous dyads. Using instrumental variables, we find that physical barriers actually increase refugee flows, consistent with the “backfire effect” identified in research on United States immigration enforcement policies on its Mexican border. Furthermore, we find that state repression (immigration enforcement) creates this “backfire effect” via a “sunk costs” problem that reduces movements of people and increases movement of status from migrant to refugee.

scholarly journals Border Malaria Associated with Multidrug Resistance on Thailand-Myanmar and Thailand-Cambodia Borders: Transmission Dynamic, Vulnerability, and Surveillance

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisak Bhumiratana ◽  
Apiradee Intarapuk ◽  
Prapa Sorosjinda-Nunthawarasilp ◽  
Pannamas Maneekan ◽  
Surachart Koyadun
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Vector Population ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Border Malaria ◽  
Population Migrations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Border Population ◽  
Movement Activities

This systematic review elaborates the concepts and impacts of border malaria, particularly on the emergence and spread ofPlasmodium falciparumandPlasmodium vivaxmultidrug resistance (MDR) malaria on Thailand-Myanmar and Thailand-Cambodia borders. Border malaria encompasses any complex epidemiological settings of forest-related and forest fringe-related malaria, both regularly occurring in certain transmission areas and manifesting a trend of increased incidence in transmission prone areas along these borders, as the result of interconnections of human settlements and movement activities, cross-border population migrations, ecological changes, vector population dynamics, and multidrug resistance. For regional and global perspectives, this review analyzes and synthesizes the rationales pertaining to transmission dynamics and the vulnerabilities of border malaria that constrain surveillance and control of the world’s most MDR falciparum and vivax malaria on these chaotic borders.

scholarly journals Heritage of borderland and population development trends in the cross-border area of Albania-Montenegro

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Sokol Axhemi
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Border Area ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Border Population

In this paper, we are trying to analyze some of the most important issues, which are clearly evident in the cross-border relations between Albania and Montenegro, such as population developments and related social themes in this particular sociogeographical cross-border space. The object of our research is particularly focused on such issues concerning the general overview of the cross-border population of Shkodra and Malësia e Madhe Municipalities in the part of the cross-border area of Albania and the population of Kraja, Ulcinj, Plava, Gucia and Tuzi in the cross-border area of Montenegro, the number of population, the transformations expressed in different periods, their features and characteristics, their reasons and factors that have influenced on their evolution during these periods of population development, their future tendency, themes and social problems accompanying their progress on both sides of the border, etc.

scholarly journals Cross-border and sedentary workers' job satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Wodociag ◽  
Valentina Dolce ◽  
Monica Molino
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Toxic Leadership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Population

PurposeThis study aims to explore cross-border and sedentary workers' job satisfaction, analyzing the role played by employability dimensions (occupational expertise, anticipation/optimization and personal flexibility), a job resource (autonomy) and job demands (job insecurity and toxic leadership), using the job demands–resources (JD-R) model as a theoretical framework. Moreover, this study tried to detect possible discrepancies between the two subsamples.Design/methodology/approachThe study involved a sample of 250 employees, 40% of whom were frontier workers. Data were collected with a self-report questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS 25. A hierarchical regression analysis and t-test for independent samples were performed.FindingsThe findings evidenced differences between the two subsamples concerning the job satisfaction predictors. Specifically, for cross-border workers, optimization/anticipation appeared significantly positively related to job satisfaction. For sedentary workers, toxic leadership and job insecurity were significantly negatively related to job satisfaction. Autonomy was positively related to the outcome for both samples. Furthermore, cross-border workers reported a higher level of optimization/anticipation, personal flexibility and job satisfaction than sedentary workers.Originality/valueThis paper contributed to fill a gap currently present in the literature on the cross-border population, with a specific focus on job satisfaction. This study confirmed the existence of peculiar working dynamics for cross-border workers.

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