scholarly journals Correlation between cultivation methods and quality in some vegetable species

2012 ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Mária Takácsné Hájos
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Cultivation Methods ◽  
Late Sowing

Quality parameters of 5 table root varieties were tested on 3 sowing dates with different cultivation methods: open field on 15 April and 9 July 2010 and under plastic tents on 19 August. The highest red pigment content (betanin) was measured in the varieties Akela and Mona Lisa (~ 80 mg 100 g-1) of the second (July) crop. This crop is in general use in Hungary. In comparison, in the late sown varieties (August, under plastics) a further pigment increase (10–20 mg 100 g-1) was observed in the same varieties as related to the earlier sowing dates. Yellow pigments (vulgaxanthins) showed similar trends. Roots of the late sowing date (with harvest in December) contained the highest vulgaxanthin values (103.3–124.18 mg kg-1).Varieties reacted differently to temperature changes during the production period and thus to sugar accumulation. In the second crop (July) higher water soluble solids content was measured on the average of varieties (10.12%) in comparison to the April sowing (7.76%). Beetroots of the spring sowing are recommended for fresh market while the second (July) crop with autumn harvest can satisfy industry requirements. Late sowing under unheated plastic tents supply us with fresh beetroot in late autumn and early winter and prolong the usability of plastic tents. Six lettuce species/subspecies were tested in the open field and under plastic tents in 3 repetitions for nitrate nitrogen, vitamin-C, polyphenol (gallus acid equivalent – mg GAE 100 g-1) and mineral element (Ca, K, Mg, Na) contents. Our measurements showed lower nitrate nitrogen values under plastic than in the open field (89.10± 8.13 and 127.06±14.29 mg kg-1) on the average of genotypes. Lettuce grown in the field had higher vitamin-C content (1.4 mg%) which is nearly 50% more than in plants under plastic. The highest polyphenol content was found in samples from the field with a conspicuous value of 804.17±56.47 mg GAE 100 g-1 in Piros cikória. Samples grown under plastic were richer in mineral elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na) which can be explained by the higher nutrient content of the soil. In this environment superior Mg content was observed in Edivia (4616.33±311.21 mg kg-1).  Besides the well- known headed lettuce, Piros cikória (Red chicory),the red leaved Lollo Rossa and Tölgylevel (Oak leaf lettuce) should bementioned which well deserve further testing in order to supply us with nourishing, healthy food. 

scholarly journals Effects of environmental factors on morphological and quality parameters of table beet root

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takácsné Hájos ◽  
T. Rubóczki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Late Sowing

In our trial morphological and quality parameters of 15 table root varieties were tested at 3 different sowing dates: 15 April, 9 July and 19 August 2010. In the trials the root shape of the varieties form the April sowing date approached most the regular spherical shape (diameter/length –1.0) which is favoured both by fresh market and the processing industry. In the July and August sowings the roots were elongated with reduced proportions. The highest red pigment content (betacyanin) was observed in the second sowing of July (>80 mg/100 g). In the late sowing (August, under plastic tent) a further 10–20 mg/100 g pigment increase was measured in relation to the earlier sowing dates of the same varieties. A similar trend could be observed in yellow pigments (vulgaxanthis) which proves a close correlation between the quantities of the 2 pigments (r=0.823). The highest vulgaxanthin content (103.3–124.18 mg/100 g) was obtained form roots of the late sowing harvested in December. Varieties reacted differently to temperature and so to sugar accumulation in the different sowing periods. In the July sowing higher water soluble solids content was measured on the mean of varieties (10.12 %) as compared to the April sowing (7.76%). Sensory evaluations included inner colour intensity (1–5), with ring (1–3) and taste (1–5) of the raw material evaluated by scoring. According to laboratory measurements better inner colour intensity was observed in the July and August sowing dates. In these samples uniformly coloured, almost with, ring-free roots were obtained. In our trial varieties from the spring sowing had superior taste. Early sowing is recommended for fresh market sale while the second crop (July) harvested in autumn can satisfy processing requirements. In the late sowing (under unheated plastic tent) fresh beet root can be grown at the end of autumn or beginning of winter, thus prolonging the usability of plastic tents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of morphological parameters and bioactive compounds in different varieties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. esculenta GURKE var. rubra L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rubóczki ◽  
V. Raczkó ◽  
M. Takácsné Hájos
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Mona Lisa ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Regular Spherical Shape

Beetroot consumption based on pickled beets generally in Hungary which is due to the higher yield from second crop harvested in autumn and processed by manufacturing industry. Researches of the past years confirmed its favourable nutritional-physiological effects on human body so demands, as for fresh salad, also increased. The trial aimed at testing the interaction of varieties on quality parameters and in the same time suggestions are made how to use different varieties of beetroot according to its quality. Morphological and sensory evaluations were examined on 10 varieties of beetroot harvested in autumn. The regular spherical shape can reduce the refining loss during the processing of beetroot which is beneficial for the manufacturing industry. In our trial the root shape of Libero, Mona Lisa and Rubin varieties approached most the regular spherical shape (diameter/length – 1.0) which is favoured by not only processing industry but also fresh market. The highest red pigment content (betanin) was observed in Mona Lisa, Akela and Cylindra (34.58–47.66 mg/100 g). A similar trend could be observed in yellow pigments (vulgaxanthins) which proves the close correlation between the quantities of the two pigments (r=0.898). Highest total polyphenol (77.13–83.37 mg GAE/100g) and flavonoid (21.73–22.73 mg CE/100g) contents were detected in Akela, Mona Lisa and Bonel. These varieties are favourable for fresh salad and they can satisfy processing requirements also. Highest water soluble solids content was found in Akela (7.15%). In our conditions nitrate (NO3-N) values below 900 mg/kg were examined in all of the varieties which is favourable in the case of beetroot.

scholarly journals Nitrate Content, Soluble Solids Content, and Yield of Table Beet as Affected by Cultivar, Sowing Date and Nitrogen Supply

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Feller ◽  
Matthias Fink
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
N Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Late Sowing

The objective was to provide results to optimize the production of table beet (Beta vulgaris L.) with respect to yield and quality. Field experiments were carried out over 2 years, where the effects of nitrogen (N) supply, sowing date, and cultivar were tested in a block design with four replications. In addition to yield, soluble solids and nitrate N contents of roots were measured to assess quality. Sowing date was an important factor for determining yield and quality of table beet. Sowing dates later than June at the experimental site are not recommended because they resulted in an increase in nitrate N content in fresh weight of up to 3027 mg·kg-1 and an average yield loss of 46% compared to sowings in April. Soluble solids content (SSC) was only slightly affected by planting date. Nitrogen supply did not affect SSC, but increasing N supply led to a major increase in nitrate N content, especially if combined with late sowing dates. It was concluded for early sowing dates that N supply be determined to achieve the maximum yield. With an early sowing date, nitrate N content in fresh weight at harvest was <563 mg·kg-1, even with a high N supply of 250 kg·ha-1. Late sowing dates required a reduced N supply to keep harvest nitrate contents below the 2500 mg·kg-1 required by the processing industry. Recommendations for optimizing N supply, sowing date, and cultivars for table beet should always take into account strong interactions between these factors.

scholarly journals Free radicals scavenging -antioxidant phytochemicals in cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicon var. Ceresiforme (DUNAL) A. Gray)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Gyanendra Kumar Rai ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar ◽  
Sheetal Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Maximum Acidity ◽  
Lycopene Content

Significant differences (p ? 0.05) were observed among the cherry tomato lines for the principal antioxidants, viz. total carotenoids, lycopene and vitamin-C. Vitamin-C content ranged from 17.62 - 46.16 mg/100 g, the total carotenoid content ranged from 3.86 - 6.66 mg/100 g and lycopene content ranged from 2.83 - 5.26 mg/100 g on fresh weight basis. The total phenolics, another important class of antioxidants, also differed significantly amongst the cherry tomato line (12.41-31.17 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g). Significant variation (p ? 0.05) was also observed for pH and titrable acidity. The pH varied from 4.15 - 4.52 and anhydrous citric acid ranged from 0.050 up to 0.323%. The total soluble solids were 3.41 - 5.16%. The maximum vitamin-C content was recorded in VRCT-6 (46.16 mg/100 g) closely followed by VRCT-7 (45.51 mg/100 g) and VRCT-15 (44.71 mg/100 g), whereas maximum total carotenoid content were recorded in VRCT-16 (6.66 mg/100 g) followed by VRCT-7 (6.48 mg/100 g) and VRCT-1(6.36 mg/100 g), respectively. On the other hand, maximum lycopene content was estimated in VRCT-16 (5.26 mg/100 g) followed by VRCT-3 (5.23 mg/100 g) and VRCT-14 (4.73 mg/100 g). Maximum acidity and total water soluble solids were recorded in VRCT-9 (0.323%) and VRCT-7 (5.16%), respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21591 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(3): 255-260, 2014 (December)

VARIABILITY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF STRAWBERRY SELECTED HYBRID FORMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Е. V. Zhbanova ◽  
I. V. Lukyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Range Of Variation

 The paper analysed three-year data (2017–2019) for chemical composition of fruit in promising selected strawberry seedlings (totally-more than 100 forms) from genetical pool of the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center. Average values and the range of variation in the content of the main food and biologically active substances have been determined: soluble solids percentage varies from 8.7–17.0 % (mean 12.4 %), total sugars 5.8–13.2 % (mean 8.8 %), titrable acids — 0.54–1.34 % (mean 0.56 %), ascorbic acid — 44.0–110.4 mg/100 g (mean 72.9 mg/100 g), anthocyanins — 7.3–145.4 mg/100 g (mean 56.8 mg/100 g). In 2019 year the following selected forms 915-104 (298-22-19-21×Feyerverk), 20-8 (Prazdnichnaya×Dedanka), 28-19 (Lakomaya×Maryshka), 921-7 ([(516-167×Cardinal)×Feyerverk); 30-5 (Feyerverk×Privlekatelnaya) are characterized by high sugar accumulation (up to 10.0 %). In 2018 year the high vitamin C content (more over 100.0 mg/100 g) was observed in selected seedlings 914-27, 91459 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 56-9, 56-12 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya); high anthocyanin content (over 100.0 mg/100 g) was demonstrated (in selected seedlings 928-12 (298-19-9-43×Privlekatelnaya), 35-16 (922-67×Maryshka), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 21-44 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon). High and stable content of soluble solids, sugars and optimal acidity of fruit are registered in selected seedlings 26-5 (Rubinovy Kulon×298-19-9-43), 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya). The selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka), 56-8, 56-9 (Gigantella Maxim×Privlekatelnaya) exhibited the stable level of vitamin C content. High and stable anthocyanin content was confirmed in selected seedlings 914-9, 914-27 (Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya), 21-14 (Urozhainaya CGL×Rubinovy Kulon) and 25-1 (Rubinovy Kulon×Maryshka). According to the complex of biochemical characteristics the following selected forms were identified from the hybrid combination Festivalnaya×Privlekatelnaya: 914-27 (ascorbic acid — 90.2 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 81.6 mg/100 g, sugars — 9.4 %), 914-9 (ascorbic acid — 89.8 mg/100 g, anthocyanins — 90.3 mg/100 g, sugars — 8.4 %). 

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN SEVERAL PERENNIAL ONION

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
N. A. Golubkina ◽  
T. M. Seredin ◽  
A. V. Molchaniva ◽  
O. V. Kosheleva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics

Evaluation of biochemical characteristics of 8 perennial Allium species is achieved (A. ramosum, A. caeruleum, A. erubescens, A. obliquum, A. moly, A. aflatunense, A. oreophilum and A.ursinum). High nutritional significance of separate decorative species is demonstrated. A. caeruleum is shown to be a leader in the accumulation of ascorbic acid (more than 9000 mg/100 g d.w.) and polyphenols (more than 8000 mg GAE/kg d.v.). Detected ascorbic acid concentration range for 8 studies Allium species was 568 (A. ramosum) – 9980 (A. caerulum) mg/100 g d.w.; polyphenols 1392 (A. obliquum) – 8582 (A. caerulum) mg GAE/kg d.w.; water-soluble compounds 28 (A. aflatunense, A. obliguum) – 69 (A. ramosum) mg/kg d.w.; chlorophyll 0.54 (A.oreophilum) – 1.69 (A. ursinum) mg/100 g d.w.; carotene 0.07 (A. oreophilum) – 0.25 (A.ursinum) mg/100 g d.w.; selenium 72 (A. ursinum) – 245 μg/kg d.w., (A. ramosum). Adequate consumption level of vitamin C may be provides by 6.2 g of A.caerulum leaves. Antioxidant activity of Allium species alcoholic extracts composed a range from 1.5 (A. obliquum) to 6.4 (A. ursinum) mg GAE/g d.w. A. ramosum and A. oreophilum demonstrated the highest content of total soluble solids. The highest content of photosynthetic pigments happened to be typical for A. ursinum. The ratio between antioxidant activity of alcoholic and water extracts of Allium leaves was in the range between 0.89 and 2.21 depending on plant species: the highest value was registered in leaves of A. ursinum, the lowest – in leaves of A. ramosum. In a whole the highest content of antioxidants was demonstrated for leaves of A. caerulum. The highest levels of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant activity of alcoholic extracts were indicated in leaves of A. ursinum.

scholarly journals Changes in Sugar Accumulation and Related Enzyme Activities of Red Bayberry (Myrica rubra) in Greenhouse Cultivation

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Bo-Ping Wu ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Yong-Bin Gao ◽  
Wei-Wei Zheng ◽  
Kai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Related Enzyme ◽  
Greenhouse Cultivation

The harvest period of bayberry fruit cultivated in the open field is short and often suffers from continuous cloudy and rainy days, leading to a decrease in yield and a decline in fruit quality. However, cultivating bayberries in greenhouses could avoid the harm due to rain, improve fruit quality and prolong the supply period, thus significantly increasing economic returns. Bayberry fruit quality, assessed by single fruit weight, vertical and horizontal diameters, soluble solids content and sugar-acid ratios, was significantly superior in fruit produced under greenhouse conditions than in fruit produced in the open field. Analysis of the soluble sugar components and the related enzyme activities indicated that the sucrose accumulation and metabolism of bayberry fruit were significantly improved by greenhouse cultivation, possibly owing to differences in sucrose-phosphate synthase and acid invertase activities.

scholarly journals (23) High Tunnels for High Latitude Snap Bean Production

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074C-1074
Author(s):  
Heidi Rader ◽  
Meriam Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Two snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars, `Provider' and `Concesa', were planted successionally in a high tunnel in Fairbanks, Alaska (64°49'N and 147°52'W), from late May to late July. For the entire growing season, air/soil temperatures averaged 1.7 °C/1.1 °C higher in the tunnel than the field. The temperature differential was, however, largely dependent on amount of high tunnel ventilation. With tunnel ends not yet erected in May, the air temperature difference averaged 0.5 °C while in September the difference was 2.5 °C in the enclosed tunnel. On average, both cultivars flowered 4 days earlier in the tunnel compared to the contiguous open field. `Provider' had high overall yields with no significant difference between the tunnel and the field, although the tunnel did offer protection from an early frost. `Provider' produced an average of 3454 g·m-2 in the tunnel and 2860 g·m-2 in the field. Average yields of `Concesa' inside the tunnel were significantly greater (P < 0.01), with 1719 g·m-2 compared to 756 g·m-2 in the open field. `Provider' pods were larger in diameter and more fibrous than `Concesa' pods, which we concluded were of improved quality with higher soluble solids content (°Brix refractometer readings). High tunnels could be an important way to provide an advantageous production environment for high quality cultivars without sacrificing the reliability of cold-tolerant cultivars. To consistently produce high quality snap beans to meet local Alaska fresh market demands, cultivars suited for high tunnel production need to be identified.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Resistant Maltodextrin to Pasteurized Orange Juice on Bioactive Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Elías Arilla ◽  
Purificación García-Segovia ◽  
Javier Martínez-Monzó ◽  
Pilar Codoñer-Franch ◽  
Marta Igual
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Resistant Maltodextrin

Resistant maltodextrin (RMD) is a water-soluble and fermentable functional fiber. RMD is a satiating prebiotic, reducer of glucose and triglycerides in the blood, and promoter of good gut health, and its addition to food is increasingly frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to study its potential effects on intrinsic bioactive compounds of food and their bioaccessibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding RMD on the bioactive compounds of pasteurized orange juice with and without pulp, and the bioaccessibility of such compounds. RMD was added at different concentrations: 0 (control sample), 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Ascorbic acid (AA) and vitamin C were analyzed using HPLC, whereas total phenols, total carotenoids (TC), and antioxidant capacity were measured using spectrophotometry. After that, sample in vitro digestibility was assessed using the standardized static in vitro digestion method. The control orange juice with pulp presented significantly higher values of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity than the control orange juice without pulp (p < 0.05). RMD addition before the juice pasteurization process significantly protected all bioactive compounds, namely total phenols, TC, AA, and vitamin C, as well as the antioxidant capacity (AC) (p < 0.05). Moreover, this bioactive compound protective effect was higher when higher RMD concentrations were added. However, RMD addition improved phenols and vitamin C bioaccessibility but decreased TC and AA bioaccessibility. Therefore, the AC value of samples after gastrointestinal digestion was slightly decreased by RMD addition. Moreover, orange pulp presence decreased total phenols and TC bioaccessibility but increased AA and vitamin C bioaccessibility.

scholarly journals Efficacy of coupling gamma irradiation with calcium chloride and lemongrass oil in maintaining guava fruit quality and inhibiting fungal growth during cold storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadan A. Hassanein ◽  
Ehab A. Salem ◽  
Ahmed A. Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Lemongrass Oil

AbstractThis study was performed to explore the efficacy of combining more than one postharvest treatment in maintaining some quality attributes and reducing fungal pathogenicity in cold-stored guava fruits. The investigated postharvest treatments included the control, CaCl2(4%), lemongrass oil (2 dm3kg−1), gamma (γ) irradiation (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 kGy), 0.4 kGy γ irradiation + CaCl2(4%), and 0.4 kGy γ irradiation + lemongrass oil (2 dm3kg−1). The studied physiochemical attributes included weight loss, decay percentage, fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and vitamin C content. Different fungal species were also isolated from decayed fruits and were identified asAlternaria alternata,Alternaria solani,Aspergillus niger,Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium solaniandRhizopus stolonifer. The severity of infection for the different fungi was determined, and anin vitroantifungal assay was conducted for lemongrass oil. All the investigated treatments generally reduced decay and water loss percentages, and controlled TSS, TA and vitamin C decrements that occurred during cold storage. On the other hand, higher irradiation doses generally increased fruit softness, and the 0.4 kGy γ dose did not contribute to the overall fruit quality when coupled with CaCl2and lemongrass oil, compared to CaCl2and lemongrass oil treatments alone.

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