scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory features of the course of the urinary tract infection among children in the first three years of life at the current stage

2022 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A. Nее ◽  
E. V. Sergeeva ◽  
O. G. Bykova ◽  
O. V. Semeshina
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
System Development ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Urinary Tract Abnormality ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Renal Infection ◽  
Current Stage

Objective: To study main clinical and laboratory peculiarities of the course of urinary tract disease among children aged from newborns to 3 years old.Methods: Research design is a prospective controlled clinical research. 102 (60.71±3.77 %) children having urinary tract infection without accompanying abnormalities of the urinary system development were included in the first group. 66 (39.29±3.77 %) children having infection of the urinary tract amid congenital kidney defect.Results: Comparative evaluation of the results of complex examination of both groups showed that urinary tract infection is characterized by intoxication, pain and dysuric syndroms. The presence of accompanying kidneys and urinary tract abnormality development defined the latent course of the disease in every second child (59.09%) and supports the early development of renal infection (during first six months after birth).Conclusions: It’s necessary to conduct the search of diagnostics markers and predictors of the infection of the urinary tract among children of the first years of life, especially if there is an abnormality of the organs of urinary system.

Ultrasonography in the Radiologic Evaluation of Children With Urinary Tract Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Alon ◽  
Menucha Pery ◽  
Giora Davidai ◽  
Moshe Berant
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Voiding Cystourethrography ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Intravenous Pyelography ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Radiologic Workup

A prospective blind study comparing the findings of ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography, and voiding cystourethrography was conducted on 81 patients to examine the place of ultrasonography in the initial radiologic evaluation of children with urinary tract infection. The patients' mean age was 4.8 years; 15 were male. Forty-eight were inpatients (mean age, 3.2 years) and 33 were outpatients (mean age, 7.2 years). In 29 patients (35.8%) abnormality of the urinary system was detected by one or more of the three imaging procedures; 21 were inpatients and eight were outpatients. The most frequent finding was vesicoureteral reflux, occurring in 62.1% of the pathologic cases. The findings at ultrasonography correlated well with those of intravenous pyelography in 73 of the 81 studies (90.1%), but they failed to demonstrate double collecting systems and several of the minor changes. However, ultrasonography in combination with cystourethrography identified all patients who had abnormal urinary systems, except for two children with negligible findings. Moreover, ultrasonography and cystourethrography together identified all 11 patients, nine of them inpatients, in whom surgical treatment was indicated. It is concluded that ultrasonography can successfully replace intravenous pyelography as a screening imaging procedure for the urinary system, but because of the superiority of intravenous pyelography in the detection of some types of lesions, intravenous pyelography will be required whenever ultrasonography or cystourethrography results are abnormal. Accordingly, and in view of the differences in the frequency and severity of pathologic findings between outpatients and hospitalized patients, the following protocol is suggested for the radiologic evaluation of children with urinary tract infection: For outpatients, cystourethrography can be performed 4 to 6 weeks after cessation of antibiotic therapy. If the study is normal, ultrasonography can be done; if this is also normal, no further radiologic workup is needed. Only when cystourethrography or ultrasonography findings are abnormal is intravenous pyelography also indicated. For hospitalized patients, especially young children, ultrasonography can be used as the early screening procedure, within two to four days after the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. If the results are normal, cystourethrography can follow after 4 to 6 weeks; if abnormal, cystourethrography can be performed after ten to 14 days. Here, too, intravenous pyelography is needed only when ultrasonography and/or cystourethrography results are abnormal.

scholarly journals Causes of lower urinary tract disease in Czech cat population

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
Barbora Hřibová ◽  
Václav Ceplecha ◽  
Kristína Řeháková ◽  
Pavel Proks ◽  
Vojtěch Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Urinary

This study was done to investigate epidemiological data and to report causes of lower urinary tract disease in a population of cats presented at the Small Animal Clinic of the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno. Cats presented with lower urinary tract disease signs that had undergone a thorough physical examination and urinalysis (dipstick, urine specific gravity, urine sediment and dipslide urine culture) were included in the study. Urine samples were collected only by cystocentesis or sterile catheterization. Bloodwork, abdominal ultrasound, and abdominal radiographs were performed in 118 (66%), 170 (96%) and 9 (5%) patients, respectively. Cats that were treated with antibiotics or glucocorticoids during an episode of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) or during the foregoing month and which had undergone perineal urethrostomy or catheterization in private practice, were excluded. The study population consisted of 177 cats. Forty-one (23%) cats were diagnosed with a urethral plug, 26 cats (14%) with a urinary tract infection (UTI), 9 cats (5%) with urolithiasis and 101 cats (57%) with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC). The cats diagnosed with UTI were significantly older than the cats with FIC, urethral plugs and urolithiasis. Urinary tract infection was diagnosed significantly more often in patients older than 10 years, and in female cats. The diagnosis of urethral plug was made significantly more often in males. Feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral plugs are the most common causes of FLUTD, and the causes are significantly age and sex-related.

scholarly journals Perineal urethrostomy in the cat. Technique and complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
L. G. PAPAZOGLOU (Λ.Γ. ΠΑΠΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ) ◽  
E. BASDANI (Ε. ΜΠΑΣΔΑΝΗ)
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Perineal Hernia ◽  
Urethral Obstruction ◽  
Stricture Formation ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Urine Extravasation ◽  
Tract Disease

Perineal urethrostomy (PU) is the surgical procedure performed in the male cat in order to create a permanent stoma of the pelvic urethra to the skin of the perineal region. The first urehrostomy was devised on early sixties and since then many urethrostomy techniques were invented. On 1971 Wilson and Harrison invented a technique of PU that is currently used by the majority of surgeons, because of the better results and fewer complications compared to the other urethrostomy techniques. Indications for performing PU in the male cat include recurrent urethral obstruction associated with lower urinary tract disease, as an emergency procedure for the restoration of the patency of the obstructed urethra when all other conservative measures failed, priapism, strictures, trauma and urethral neoplasms. For a successful PU: 1) the pelvic urethra should be incised and anastomosed in the perineum cranial to the bulbourethral glands, 2) the urethra should be completely freed from its attachments to the ishium so as to decrease tension to the stoma, and 3) accurate apposition of the urethra to the skin should be performed to achieve first intention healing of the stoma site and avoid stricture formation. Complications following PU may include urethral stricture, ascending urinary tract infection, haemorrhage, subcutaneous urine extravasation resulting in sloughing and dehiscence of the stoma, skin fold dermatitis, urinary and fecal incontinence, bladder atony, iatrogenic perineal hernia and rectourethral fistula. Prepubic, subpubic or transpelvic urethrostomy may be used to salvage postoperative urethral stricture. Pepubic urethrostomy is the only salvage technique that has been evaluated long-term, but is associated with serious complications such as urine scalding, urinary incontinence and urinary tract infection. Perineal urethrostomy aims at relieving urethral obstruction and is part of the medical management of cats with recurrent or persistent urethral plug formation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urinary tract infection in malnourished children aged 6 months to 5 years attending tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1814
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar A. ◽  
Thannoli Gowthami Gowrinathan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Urinary Tract Abnormality ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Infections are more common in malnourished children, as result of impaired immunity. Unexplained fever and failure to thrive are the common presenting features of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. In malnourished children, UTI is mostly asymptomatic and is leading to pyelonephritis and renal scarring. The study was done with the aim to evaluate and find out the prevalence of urinary tract infection in malnourished children between 6 months to 5 year and to find out the causative organism and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Methods: A total of 180 cases of malnourished children were enrolled and clean catch midstream urine sample was collected for urine culture, according to WHO criteria of malnutrition. Children with urinary tract abnormality were excluded from the study. Renal USG was done in all urine culture positive cases.Results: Total of 174 cases was present after exclusion. Of 174 children, 27 (15.5%) children were having UTI. In this study, 37% of children are asymptomatic. E. coli is the commonest organism causing UTI 16 (59%). Other organism are Klebsiella pneumonia 4 (14.9%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (11.1%), and Pseudomonas 3 (11.1%). The order of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern was amikacin (100%)> ciprofloxacin (81.4%)> cefotaxime (7%). Other common drugs have developed resistance to these organisms.Conclusions: Our observations conclude that malnourished children with fever of unknown origin are at risk of UTI. Hence, urine analysis and culture tests are to be done to all malnutrition cases for assisting to diagnose the bacterial infection and providing the appropriate treatment.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
Matthew Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Tract Infections

I wish to thank Dr. Strauss and associates for their pertinent letter. Their remarks and the previous correspondence with Dr. Todd1 are of practical importance in the treatment of urinary tract infections. I agree that x-rays should be performed early in the course of urinary tract disease but I did not state that radiologic evaluation of a girl's urinary tract infection is unnecessary if her urinary tract infection responds to an antibiotic. I can only reinforce Dr. Strauss' statement that the goal of treatment is to conserve renal tissue.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection in Children: An Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamrul Laila ◽  
Eliza Roy ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Ranjit Ranjan Roy
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Urinary Tract Abnormality ◽  
Number Of Children

Background: A large number of children with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) are seen in the community by general practitioners , but there is frequently delay in treatment and not all are referred for further investigations. There is evidence that many cases are misdiagnosed. It is important to optimize diagnostic and management strategies. Result: UTI is an important cause of acute illness, it may be a marker of underlying urinary tract abnormality. Bacteria causes the large majority of UTI in children- Escherichia coli is the most common (90%) bacterial cause. Urine culture & sensitivity is the gold standard for the diagnosis and mandatory for confirmation of UTI. On culture, a colony count of more than 105/ml organisms of a single species is considered confirmatory of UTI. But there is a strong recommendation that , presence of both pyuria and at least 50,000 Colony Forming Unit (CFU) / ml of a single uropathogen in an appropriately collected specimen makes the diagnosis . There is a recommended imaging schedule in childhood UTI to detect anatomical abnormality. Management depends on type of infection. There is no role of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent febrile recurrent UTI without VUR. Conclusion: UTI is a very common disease and may be associated with renal abnormalities and long term squeale. There is debate about best investigation and management strategies. The greatest potential for prevention of renal damage lies in increased awareness, better diagnosis and management of young children with UTI in primary healthcare. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v36i2.13085 Bangladesh J Child Health 2012; Vol 36 (2): 90-97

scholarly journals Research Concerning the Correlations Between Urinary Tract Infections and Congenital Malformations of the Renourinary System

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Moréh ◽  
Lucia Sanda Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Introduction: Congenital malformations of the urinary system are risk factors for the development of urinary tract infections (UTI). Besides the severity of the malformation, urinary infection is always associated with poor prognosis for these patients. Late discovery of the malformation background, after several urinary tract infection episodes, contributes to the development of chronic pyelonephritis that may lead to chronic renal failure. Material and method: The study involved patients with renal and urinary tract congenital malformations treated at the Pediatric Nephrology Department from Tîrgu Mureș over a period of 6 years, who associated urinary tract infection. Results: Out of the total of 432 patients with congenital malformations of the urinary system, 270 had had at least one or several episode(s) of urinary tract infections in their medical history. Vesico-ureteral reflux and obstructive lesions of the urinary tract were most frequently associated with urinary infections. During the time when no ultrasound screening had been performed, the malformation background was usually diagnosed at the time of the first urinary infection episodes. Conclusions: The incidence of urinary tract infections in patients with renal and urinary tract congenital malformations depends on the type of the underlying malformation, and the time of diagnosis of the malformation background. Prevention of irreversible complications requires early diagnosis of the urinary system malformations that can be performed through ultrasound screening in the neonatal period.

scholarly journals Association Between Duration of Constipation and Frequency of Urinary Tract Infection in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedram Ataee ◽  
Bahare Taleshi ◽  
Alireza Eskandarifar ◽  
Bijan Nuri ◽  
Rama Naghshizadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Pediatric Gastroenterology ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Common Problems

Background: Constipation and Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) are common problems in children. The gastrointestinal tract and the urinary system are related together anatomically and functionally. Constipation is one of the possible causes of UTI and its recurrence. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the duration of constipation and the frequency of upper and lower UTI in children in Sanandaj. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed on children with chronic constipation aged less than 12 years, referring to the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj in 2018-2019. Urine analysis and culture were performed for all the patients. Data were recorded in separate questionnaires. Results: There were 220 children in this study. Most cases of constipation and UTI belonged to the group of 3-6 years. Constipation was more common in boys and UTI in girls. Lower UTI was more common than upper UTI. Besides, 45% of the patients had constipation for less than a year. There was no significant relationship between the duration of constipation and the prevalence and type of UTI (upper or lower) (P = 0.405, P = 0.911). Conclusions: Urinary tract infection was common in children with chronic constipation. There was no relationship between the duration of constipation and the frequency and type of UTI.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection in Children after Voiding Cystourethrogram

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. p18
Author(s):  
Raed Al-Taher ◽  
Mohamad Mahseeri ◽  
Doa'a Abu Jame' ◽  
Jamel Sahouri ◽  
Hiba Hudali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Voiding Cystourethrogram ◽  
Urinary Tract Abnormality ◽  
Ascending Infection

Objective: Voiding cystourethrogram is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to visualize the urinary tract and bladder and diagnose vesicoureteral reflux disease. We aim to determine the likelihood of developing a UTI after the VCUG.Study design: A total sample of 125 children from the Jordan University Hospital who underwent 191 voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) were retrospectively studied between 2002 and 2018, ages four days till 13 years old. Urine analysis and Culture were sent from selected patients, for post-VCUG-UTI.Methodology: Electronic records were retrospectively reviewed in 125 pediatric patients at Jordan University Hospital.Results: 60.7% of VCUG’s were abnormal (i.e., vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or hydronephrosis). 5.24% had a negative urine analysis, 4.71% had a negative culture; 6.28% had a positive urine analysis, post-procedural urinary tract infection (ppUTI) was documented in 5.76% of the patients. The most common organism was Escherichia coli.Conclusions: Voiding cystourethrogram is a significant risk factor for urinary tract infection in the pediatric age group; it is still debated whether ascending infection due to catheterization or the presence of a urinary tract abnormality is the cause of infection. Further studies on a larger scale must be considered to study other contributing factors.

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