scholarly journals FOREST ASSESSMENT AND ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Mironenko ◽  
Sergey Matveev ◽  
Vasiliy Slavskiy ◽  
A. Revin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Forest Assessment ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Accounting Software ◽  
Production Problems

Forestry in Russia is experiencing a great need for digital technologies that can form and generalize existing databases. All participants are interested in the development of digital technologies in forest management, from the end user of forest resources to public authorities in the field of forest relations. At the same time, the modern level of forestry software requires modernization to solve specific problems. The team of the Department of Forestry, Forest Inventory and Forest Inventory of VGFTU has developed a number of automated systems that allow to quickly solve scientific and production problems in the field of forestry, ecology and nature management. The importance and relevance of this work is reflected in the “Strategy for the development of the forestry complex of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030”.The modularity and scalability of such systems allows the authors to quickly make adjustments to their source code, which allows keeping the software up to date, which meets the modern requirements of the legal framework of the forestry sector.

Student Privacy and the Law in the Internet Age

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Plunkett ◽  
Urs Gasser ◽  
Sandra Cortesi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
Student Privacy ◽  
High Level

New types of digital technologies and new ways of using them are heavily impacting young people’s learning environments and creating intense pressure points on the “pre-digital” framework of student privacy. This chapter offers a high-level mapping of the federal legal landscape in the United States created by the “big three” federal privacy statutes—the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), and the Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (PPRA)—in the context of student privacy and the ongoing digital transformation of formal learning environments (“schools”). Fissures are emerging around key student privacy issues such as: what are the key data privacy risk factors as digital technologies are adopted in learning environments; which decision makers are best positioned to determine whether, when, why, and with whom students’ data should be shared outside the school environment; what types of data may be unregulated by privacy law and what additional safeguards might be required; and what role privacy law and ethics serve as we seek to bolster related values, such as equity, agency, and autonomy, to support youth and their pathways. These and similar intersections at which the current federal legal framework is ambiguous or inadequate pose challenges for key stakeholders. This chapter proposes that a “blended” governance approach, which draws from technology-based, market-based, and human-centered privacy protection and empowerment mechanisms and seeks to bolster legal safeguards that need to be strengthen in parallel, offers an essential toolkit to find creative, nimble, and effective multistakeholder solutions.

scholarly journals La protección de la lengua castellana en el marco del multiparlamentarismo autonómico: el acceso a la información pública en español en la web oficial de los Parlamentos autonómicos // The protection of the Spanish language in the framework of the regional parliaments: the access in Spanish to the public information on their official websites

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (102) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Ainhoa Uribe Otalora
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Estudio De Caso

Resumen:La Constitución española establece en su artículo 3 que el castellano es la lengua oficial del Estado, al tiempo que reconoce la existencia de un plurilingüismo. Sin embargo, existen territorios donde los ciudadanos se enfrentan a una situación desigual a la hora de emplear el castellano como lengua vehicular. Esta situación es aún más grave si la desigualdad procede de los poderes públicos. El artículo es un estudio de caso del acceso a la información pública en lengua castellana, no en vano, junto al mandato del artículo 3 CE, el artículo 9 CE obliga a los poderes públicos a publicar las normas (lo que supone publicarlas también en español), al tiempo que el principio de publicidad se vio reforzado por la aprobación de la Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información Pública y Buen Gobierno, y por las respectivas leyes de transparencia autonómicas, que regulan el acceso de los ciudadanos a la información pública. Dicho acceso a la documentación de carácter público debe hacerse, por ende, en la lengua oficial del país, así como en las lenguas cooficiales en sus respectivos territorios. Por ello, el artículo analiza el mayor o menor grado de acceso en lengua castellana a los documentos que publican ensu página web los distintos parlamentos autonómicos, sean de naturaleza legal, política, económica o de otro tipo. En consecuencia, aquí se realiza un estudio de caso centrado en las seis Cámaras autonómicas con lenguas cooficiales, para verificar el grado de cumplimiento del artículo 3 CE, el artículo 9 CE, y el el artículo 12 de la Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de transparencia, acceso a la información pública y buen gobierno. Son los siguientes: 1) El Parlamento Vasco (Eusko Legebiltzarra); 2) el Parlamento Navarro (Nafarroako Parlamentua); 3) el Parlamento Catalán (Parlament de Catalunya); 4) el Parlamento Valenciano (Corts Valencianes); 5) el Parlamento de Baleares (Parlament de les Illes Balears); y 6) el Parlamento Gallego (Parlamento de Galicia). El objetivo último de la presente investigación es abordar unas conclusiones que permitan fortalecer y hacer cumplir el mandato constitucional, así como permitir a los ciudadanos hacer uso de su lengua oficial.Summary:I. Introduction: Approach of the Study Object. II. Legal Approach to the question. 2.1. The article 3 of the Constitution: background and meaning. 2.2. The constitutional principles of multilinguism. 2.3. The regional legal framework of bilingualism 2.4. Jurisprudence on the Spanish language. 2.5. The right to get access to law and public information in Spanish language. III. The praxis of the regional parliaments in the compliance with the article 3CE, the art. 9 CE, and the art. 12 of the Act of Transparency. IV. Conclusions. V. Bibliography.Abstract:The Spanish Constitution establishes in the article 3 that the Spanish is the official language of the State. It also enshrines the existence of mutilinguism in the country. However, there are some territories where citizens face inequalities when using Spanish as their mother tongue. This situation is even harder if the inequalities come from public powers. The article focuses on the citizens’ access to public information in Spanish. In fact, not only the Spanish is the official language (art. 3 CE), but also the article 9 of the Constitution forces the public authorities to publish laws (which means also to publish them in Spanish), as well as the Act of Transparency, Access to Public Information and Good Government (Ley 19/2013) enables citizens to get access to public information (which means to access to the documents also in Spanish). Hence, the articleanalyses the level of public access in Spanish to the documents uploaded on the websites of the regional parliaments. Therefore, it is a case study focused on the six regional parliaments with more than one official language. They are the following ones: 1) The Basque Parliament (Eusko Legebiltzarra); 2) the Parliament of Navarra (Nafarroako Parlamentua); 3) the Parliament of Catalonia (Parlament de Catalunya); 4) the Valencian Parliament (Corts Valencianes); 5) the Parliament of the Balearic Islands (Parlament de les Illes Balears); and 6) the Galician Parliament (Parlamento de Galicia). It will study the level of compliance with the article 3 and 9 of the Constitution and the article 12 of the Act of Transparency, Access to Public Information and Good Government (Ley 19/2013). The aim of the article is to get to conclusions that enable the legislator to strengthen and force the compliance with the constitutional mandate, as well as to empower citizens to use the official language.

Budget Security Threats and Risks within the Framework of the Digital Economy Development

Financial law ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Nadezhda G. Dolmatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Digital Currency

Currently, Russia has begun to form a legal framework for the development of the digital economy. The introduction of digital technologies affects all areas of public relations, including budgetary legal relations. In connection with digitalization, issues of budget security are becoming more relevant. The article substantiates the need to improve the legal regulation of budget relations in terms of ensuring budget security and the use of digital technologies. The author’s classification of budget security threats is given. Legal contradictions in the field of digital currency regulation are revealed. Measures are proposed to eliminate conflicts and gaps in the current legislation regulating budgetary legal relations and relations arising in connection with the use of digital currency.

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: LEGAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
O.L. Alferov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Russian Federation

This review analyzes the experience of Russia and a number of foreign countries in implementing digital technologies in public administration, and describes the main regulatory legal acts adopted at the three stages of the formation of the information society in the Russian Federation. The focus is on the problems of legal regulation of the digitalization of public authorities.

Article 197 TFEU

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha Garben
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Eu

The effectiveness of the many rights and obligations under EU law rests on a legal framework consisting of direct application of Treaty rules, harmonized European rules, national rules, and mutual recognition, and the task of implementing and ensuring compliance with these rules lies, in practice, with a large number of public authorities in the twenty-eight MS. In order to carry out this task, MS’ authorities need to cooperate closely, meaning that administrative cooperation is not only desirable but is required by the very nature of the EU. In the context of the free movement of goods, many circulation regimes are accompanied by their own specific mechanism of administrative cooperation.

scholarly journals Why early collective action pays off: evidence from setting Protected Geographical Indications

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiomara F. Quiñones-Ruiz ◽  
Marianne Penker ◽  
Giovanni Belletti ◽  
Andrea Marescotti ◽  
Silvia Scaramuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Italian Case

AbstractThe registration of Geographical Indications (GIs) under the European Union (EU) legislation requires collective action and considerable efforts borne by multiple actors such as producers, processors, public authorities and research centers. We analyze their efforts, risks and benefits by comparing two EU GI registration processes in Italy and Austria, namely the Sorana bean Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) and the Perry from Mostviertel PGI. Results from the institutional and transaction costs analysis suggest that intensive interaction for solving conflicting interests, negotiating quality standards and defining common rules might pay off in indirect benefits and reduced risks. In particular, an inclusion of diverse and heterogeneous interest groups and a high degree of direct enterprise participation along the GI application process (as observed in the Italian case) generate benefits such as trust and social cohesion, which then support the actual use of the GI label and a better implementation of associated quality standards. A supportive legal framework with assistance from public authorities can back up the community of producers not only in technical aspects, but also as mediators when conflicts seem to be difficult to solve. As there seems to be a positive relationship between the intensity and effectiveness of collective action and the likelihood of achieving broadly accepted standards and social cohesion needed for successful GI implementation, the question for future research would not be how to avoid collective efforts but how to effectively organize the interaction among heterogeneous producer groups.

Legal Framework of the Unified Information System Functioning in State and Municipal Procurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
L. V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Document Management ◽  
State Information ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Main Component

Currently, in the context of information technologies development and the transition to the digital technologies application in the economy and public administration, the importance of information systems, including state information systems, is increasing. In the field of state and municipal procurement, an information infrastructure has been created, the main component of which is the state unified information system (UIS), which has significant features compared to other state information systems, the effective functioning of which is of great importance to ensure the entire procurement process. The purpose of the paper is to determine the legal nature and functions of the UIS, to study the features of interaction with other information systems and the prospects for its development in the context of the digital technologies application. This goal assumes the solution of the following tasks: analysis of regulatory legal acts that establish the rules for the functioning of the UIS; determination of common features of the UIS with other state information systems and its distinctive features; study of forms of interaction of information systems with the UIS; analysis of the effectiveness of the organization of electronic document management by means of UIS; development of proposals for improving the rules for the UIS functioning.As a result of the study, it was concluded that the implementation of civil rights and obligations in the field of state and municipal procurement is carried out through the EIS; the features of the EIS as a multifunctional state information system are determined and a conclusion is made about its uniqueness; suggestions were made on the application of measures to improve the functioning of the ENI, and the use of digital technologies in the field of procurement.

Modern Organizational and Economic Mechanism for Environmental Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 606
Author(s):  
Svitlana LUTKOVSKA ◽  
Grygorii KALETNIK
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Security Compliance

In this article, the organizational and economic mechanism of security management is part of the overall system of the economy as a whole with its peculiarities. It is established that the purpose of organizational and economic mechanism of management of natural, anthropogenic and ecological safety is to harmonize economic and environmental interests of social production: vertical - state, regional, local, horizontal - territorial, departmental, at the level of relations between enterprises, etc., as well as establishing an effective security assurance procedure. The objective of the organizational and economic management mechanism is to strengthen and enhance the natural, anthropogenic and ecological security of the country, under the following conditions: to function within the current legal framework; to provide reliable protection of national and regional interests in the field of guaranteeing natural anthropogenic and ecological security; create conditions for forecasting and timely prevention of threats and adverse processes of security compliance; be effective in both normal and emergency situations; be determined by a clear structure and functional separation of the authorities. It is confirmed that the organizational and economic mechanism of environmental safety is based on the following principles: scientific validity, economic responsibility, complexity, economic calculation, payment for the use of natural resources. The structure of the economic mechanism of nature management and nature conservation activity is developed. The classification of economic instruments for guaranteeing environmental safety has been formed. The modern organizational and economic mechanism of ecological safety has been developed, which provides the process of functioning of ecological safety and is supported by the legal, organizational, technical, socio-cultural and informational components. It is proved that the economic component of the organizational and economic mechanism determines the preconditions for the functioning of financial and economic relations between the participants of the process of guaranteeing environmental safety. The effectiveness of the economic subsystem is ensured by close interaction and interaction with the organizational, through the institutionalization of the components of the system and mechanisms of their organizational interaction: subordination, powers, rights, responsibilities, regularity and forms of organizational relations.

scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF DIGITAL ECONOMY IN RUSSIA IN LIGHT OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AND RESTRICTIVE MEUSURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
A. R. Ryazanova
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
National Market ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Legislative Amendments ◽  
Restrictive Measures

In this article, the author presents a study of the changes in legal regulation of the digital economy caused by the imposition of economic sanctions by the foreign states as well as the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes the restrictive measures imposed in the USA against Russian persons in the field of digital technology. The author concludes that the economic sanctions of foreign countries limit the ability to conduct foreign economic operations in the digital sphere both by Russian persons to foreign persons and vise versa. An analysis of the Russian legal framework for the imposition of restrictive measures and the latest legislative amendments, in particular with regards to the preinstallation requirement of the Russian software, showed that currently the measures introduced in Russia are aimed not at reducing the effect of foreign sanctions, but at developing a national market of digital technologies and decreasing the dependability level ofthe Russian economy on exported technologies in general. The author also highlights that it is necessary to assess the consequences of imposing prohibitions in the field of digital technologies and to consider introduction of more flexible measures of legal regulation upon the results of such assessment.

scholarly journals Public services and digital technologies: legal registration in constitutional law

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
E. P. Voronyuk
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Technological Organization ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Legal Context

The purpose of the article is to identify the role and place of digital technologies in public services. Considering the content and importance of the constitutional and legal regulation of public services using digital technologies in the context of the implementation of the constitutionally enshrined social statehood of Russia, the author draws the following conclusion: the objective of the modern State is to fully ensure enforcement of the needs of citizens and the provision of public services using digital technologies.The analysis of doctrinal approaches and normative consolidation of information and technological organization of interaction between citizens and public authorities showed that the innovative way of digital technologies has been chosen and normatively consolidated in modern Russia as the basis for economic development — the basis of Social Statehood. This requires scientific understanding and development of mechanisms for its implementation in social issues in the legal context.Also, the author gives a brief overview of the main risks of introduction of digital technologies in Russian constitutional law at the present stage of development. The paper reveals topical issues in heoretical and practical contexts; the author suggests the ways how they can be resolved. 

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