scholarly journals Jean Etxepare eta Eskola (1901-1926)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argia Olçomendy
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Ideal Teacher ◽  
The North ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Pais Vasco ◽  
The Ideal

LABURPENA Artikulu honek Jean Etxeparek eskolari buruz duen pentsamolde koherente eta originalaren aztertzeko xedea du. Bere ikusmolde laikoa xx. mende hastapeneko Ipar Euskal Herriko testuinguru politiko eta pedagogikoan kokatu behar da. Euskara eskolan sartzeari buruz gogoetatu ondoan, irakasle idealaren figura marrazten du eta Ipar Euskal Herriko ikasle euskaldun ikasiaren kultura zehazten. RESUMEN El presente artículo analiza el pensamiento coherente y original que desarrolla Jean Etxepare en torno a la escuela. Su visión laica debe situarse en el contexto político y pedagógico del País Vasco Continental a principios del siglo xx. Tras reflexionar sobre la incorporación del euskera en las escuelas, traza la figura del profesor ideal y define la cultura del alumno instruido del País Vasco Continental. ABSTRACT This article proposes to explore the coherent and original mindset of Jean Etxepare about school. His secular vision of the 20th century must be placed in the political and educational context of the North Basque Country at the turn of the century. After reflecting on the inclusion of Basque in the school, he drew the figure of the ideal teacher and described the culture of the Basque scholar from the northern Basque Country.

scholarly journals Lo que fue ya no es y lo nuevo aún no toma forma: elecciones 2006 en perspectiva histórica

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciska Raventós Vorst
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electoral Behaviour ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship

RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza el proceso de cambio político que se inició en Costa Rica en 1998 y que aún no concluye, ubicándolo en el contexto de la historia política de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Revisa luego las explicaciones que se han dado para el brusco quiebre en el comportamiento electoral de 1998, analiza la relación entre abstención y declive de los dos partidos tradicionales en el período 1998-2006 y se detiene a estudiar algunos rasgos del comportamiento electoral de los ciudadanos en el 2006. Concluye planteando una interpretación preliminar sobre el momento político en que se encuentra el país.ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the process of ongoing political change that has taken place in Costa Rica since 1998. It is analyzed in the context of the political history of the second half of the 20th century. This article reviews the explanations of the sudden shift in electoral behaviour in 1998, analyzes the relationship between electoral abstention and the decline of the two traditional parties between 1998 and 2006, and it studies some characteristics of voting behaviour in 2006. The paper concludes with a preliminary interpretation of the current political situation.

scholarly journals Pedro Zulen: diligente político en la sociedad peruana de inicios del siglo XX

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Saby Evelyn Lazarte Oyague
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Siglo Xx

ResumenAbordamos el quehacer político de Pedro Zulen como intelectual peruano del siglo XX, importante por su activismo y diligencia a favor de los indígenas a inicios del periodo contemporáneo. Reflexionamos acerca de la intervención intelectual de Zulen en aspectos de la realidad peruana, su compromiso social y la influencia de su pensamiento político para las clases dirigentes del país. Consideramos su praxis de acción a partir de los lineamientos presentados junto a Joaquín Capelo y Dora Mayer tras la conformación de la Asociación Proindígena. Palabras clave: Política, justicia, indígena, realidad peruana, praxis. AbstractWe address the political role of Pedro Zulen as Peruvian intellectual of the 20th century who is considered relevant for his activism and diligence in favor of the Indians at the beginning of the contemporary period. We reflect on Zulen intellectual intervention in aspects of Peruvian reality, as well as his social and political influence of his thought towards the ruling classes of the country. We consider his praxis of action from the guidelines presented by Joaquín Capelo and Dora Mayer after forming the Asociacion Proindigena. Keywords: Politics, Justice, Indigenous, Peruvian Reality, praxis.

scholarly journals L’administration Reagan et le régime castriste (janvier 1981-juillet 1982)

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-443
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Granjon
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Reagan Administration ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
The North ◽  
Cuban Government ◽  
East West ◽  
The Ideal

Because of the Cuban presence in Africa (Angola), President Carter put a stop, in November 1978, to the normalization procedures started with Cuba at the commencement of his mandate. The Reagan administration, far from redressing the situation, has worsened it by incessantly accusing and threatening the Cuban government. At the rime of General Haig's resignation as State Secretary on June 26, 1982, his policy of intimidation towards Cuba had failed to keep the Castro's regime in step. Moreover, the American policy has been thwarted by external obstacles — the attitudes of the Cuban and Soviet leaders, the change in the political climate in Latin America (the conflict in the Malvinas) - and by internal causes - blunders, conflicting announcements, incoherent strategies, fluctuating and equivocal appraisals of the situation by the Reagan administration. This administration has alternately advocated a military solution to the Cuban problem and an essentially economic approach to neutralise the castrist influence in the region. Cuba has been at rimes referred to as a sovereign State to be dealt with on a bilateral basis, and at other rimes as a soviet satellite to be handled with the framework of East-West relations. Under the Reagan administration, Cuba has remained more than ever the ideal scapegoat of American leaders faced with a reassessment of the "pax americana" in Central America and in the North-South relations.

scholarly journals Vulnerabilidad Demográfica y Desarrollo Económico Local. El caso del País Vasco.

Scripta Nova ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Eguia Peña ◽  
Leire Aldaz Odriozola
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Demographic Projections ◽  
The North ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Pais Vasco

Slight demographic dynamism is a phenomenon present in many European Union countries, and in particular, in Spain. Demographic projections by the National Institute of Statistics show an uninterrupted decline of the Spanish population, where the most affected regions would be some NUTS2 located in the north area. This paper explores the case of the Basque Country. After calculating a Demography Vulnerability Index and a Globalisation Vulnerability Index we try to identify the municipalities according to its level of vulnerability to demographic and economic changes. The study reveals a link between the demographic and economic behavior of the Basque municipalities: those that show the greatest resistance in demographic terms are those that present the greatest strength in economic terms.

scholarly journals Sleeping with the Political Enemy: Woman’s Place in Discourses of Race and Class Struggle in 20th Century Central Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Dániel Bolgár
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Political Status

In this paper, I shall argue that the convergence of ideologies operating through the creation of enemies like racism and Bolshevism with discourses regulating gender relations in the Central Europe of the twentieth century had the grave consequence of questioning women’s position in the political community. In short, I shall argue that in the context of racist and Bolshevik discourses, the very fact of being female was in itself a political threat to women. To demonstrate my point, I shall discuss two recent publications. First, I shall analyze the context of the convergence of racist and misogynist discourses in turn-of-the-century Vienna through discussing András Gerő’s book, Neither Woman Nor Jew. Second, I shall explore how the discourse of class struggle affected the political status of Hungarian women in the Stalinist era through discussing Eszter Zsófia Tóth’s book, Kádár’s Daughters.

scholarly journals Azeri networks through thick and thin: West Asian politics from a diasporic eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Serkan Yolaçan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Print Media ◽  
The Political ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Specific Proposal

This article makes a case for the geographical concept of West Asia and develops a specific proposal for its usage: an intervention to open up the closed box of the Middle East to post-Soviet Eurasia in the north and to the rest of Asia in the east. It advances this transregional perspective from the viewpoint of an old imperial frontier, Transcaucasia, and its erstwhile Azeri diaspora. By drawing on archival material, oral histories, contemporaneous print media, and secondary literature, this article traces the movement of Azeris from the Transcaucasian frontier into the political domains of Iranians, Russians/Soviets, and Turks/Ottomans, and show how their movements became avenues for political subversion, territorial expansion, and informal diplomacy over the course of the 20th century and until today.

scholarly journals Historia política del Tucumán durante el siglo XVII. Tradiciones explicativas y nuevas perspectivas de investigación.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Nieva Ocampo ◽  
Daniela Alejandra
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
Siglo Xx

El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer las diversas interpretaciones que se realizaron sobre la historia política del Tucumán durante el siglo XVII. A la luz del desarrollo historiográfico del siglo XX hasta nuestros días, proponemos, además, nuevas perspectivas de investigación que consideramos necesarias.  The objetive of this work is to expose the various interpretations that were made about the political history of Tucuman during the 17th century. In the light of the historiographic development of the 20th century to the present day, we also propose new research perspectives that we consider necessary.

scholarly journals Anomalous glacier responses to 20th century climatic changes in Darwin Cordillera, southern Chile

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (139) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Holmlund ◽  
Humberto Fuenzalida
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
The North ◽  
Asymmetric Pattern ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
Wind Activity

AbstractThere is an asymmetric pattern response of glaciers in Darwin Cordillera (54–55° S, 69–71° W) to the climate of the 20th century. This asymmetry is suggested here as a cause of an increased wind activity which has a pronounced orographic effect. Although climatic records for the last 50 years show a warming trend, as well as no trend in precipitation in the area, some glaciers are advancing. The area is characterized by strong climatic gradients, with high rates of precipitation on the southwestern side of the range and dry conditions on the northern side. Glaciers on the northern and eastern sides show a general trend of receding fronts. With a few exceptions, these glaciers have gradually and uninterruptedly been shrinking since the turn of the century. On the southern rim, the present extents of some glaciers are similar to their 20th century maximum extents. These are, in turn, similar or close to the Holocene maximum. The most extreme sites are the glaciers on either side of Mount Darwin, which is 2469 m high. The north-facing glacier Ventisquero Marinelli has retreated several hundred metres per year over the last two decades, while the south-facing glaciers in the Pahia Pia basin have advanced during the same period.In this study, the frontal changes over the last 50 years of 20 glaciers have been analysed. Aerial photographs (verticals) from 1943 and 1984 have been used, as well as oblique aerial photographs from 1993. The general result is that glaciers with accumulation areas facing south and west show somewhat stable fronts, while glaciers facing east and north show receding fronts.

A polícia política na Bulgária socialista – A “máquina de legitimação” do regime, 1944-1989

Diálogos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Elitza L Bachvarova
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Security ◽  
Modern Politics ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este trabalho examina o caráter, o funcionamento e as mudanças do aparelho de segurança do Estado, os "arcana imperii" socialistas, na Bulgária pré-1989. Com base na noção de ‘governança’ de Foucault e de sua formulação do ‘poder’ como sendo construtivo e repressivo ao mesmo tempo, o presente artigo analisa o braço forte do regime visto como instituição de gestão do conhecimento. A importância da vigilância para a política moderna e a dinâmica do sigilo são discutidas como sendo estruturadas por tecnologias de exclusão, obstrução e revelação. A segurança estatal é contextualizada com respeito ao objetivo revolucionário do século vinte, de forjar o novo sujeito socialista. Abstract Bulgaria’s Political Police – The Socialist Regime’s Legitimation Machine, 1994-1989 This work examines the character, functioning and changes therein of the state security apparatus, the socialist "arcana imperii," in pre-1989 Bulgaria. Building on Foucault’s notion of ‘governance’ and on his formulation of power as both productive and repressive, the paper aims to analyze the political strong arm of the regime as a knowledge management institution. The importance of surveillance for modern politics and the dynamics of secrecy are discussed as structured by technologies of exclusion, obstruction, and revelation. State security is contextualized through the perspective of the 20th century revolutionary objective to engineer the new socialist subject Resumen La Policía Política en la Bulgaria Socialista - La "Máquina de Legitimación" del Régimen, 1944-1989 Este trabajo examina el carácter, el funcionamiento y los cambios en el aparato de seguridad del Estado, los "arcana imperii" socialistas, en la Bulgaria anterior a 1989. Basándose en la noción de ‘gobernanza’ de Foucault y en su formulación del ‘poder’ como productivo y represivo al mismo tiempo, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el brazo político fuerte del régimen como una institución de gestión del conocimiento. La importancia de la vigilancia para la política moderna y la dinámica del secreto son discutidas como estructuradas por tecnologías de exclusión, obstrucción y revelación. La seguridad del Estado se contextualiza desde la perspectiva del objetivo revolucionario del siglo XX de producir el nuevo sujeto socialista

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