scholarly journals Polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic and hormonal dysfunction in relation to osteoarthritis onset and development: innocent bystander or major risk factor?

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Tsvetoslav Georgiev ◽  
Plamena Kabakchieva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Hormonal Dysfunction ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
The One ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

The close link between osteoarthritis (OA) and metabolic disorders on the one hand and hormonal disorders on the other suggests a possible association between OA and endocrine-metabolic disorders, such as PCOS. The aim of this review is to analyze the relationship between PCOS and OA, to consider the common pathogenetic mechanisms between the two conditions, and to summarize the data accumulated so far in the literature. For the purposes of our narrative review, a comprehensive search was conducted within credible databases. Our literature search found that epidemiological studies have shown a higher incidence of knee and hip OA in women with PCOS. This can be partly explained by obesity, which is a common intersection between the two conditions. Potential mechanisms among OA, PCOS, and obesity were considered. Another common point between OA and PCOS is that both conditions can be considered as highly heterogeneous syndromes with various etiologies, the result of a combination of systemic (genetic, hormonal, and metabolic) and local factors. To date, hyperandrogenism and greater cartilage thickness in young women with PCOS remain unclear in terms of determining the risk of developing OA. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to assess the “fate” of the weight-bearing joints in women with PCOS, who are more likely to suffer from knee joint complaints.

scholarly journals Metabolic signs of abdominal obesity in the patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction and normal or excess body weight

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
L V Kvitkova ◽  
D A Borodkina ◽  
O V Gruzdeva ◽  
A A Silonova ◽  
O N Zharkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level 2

This work was designed to study the relationship between the disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism (DCHM) and insulin resistance (IR) on the one hand and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on the other hand in the patients presenting with acute and cicatrical myocardial infarction (MI). It was shown that WC in all the patients exceeded the upper gender norm. The clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome were documented in 65.6% of the patients with normal BMI, 85,7% of those with excess BMI, and in 96.3% of the patients with obesity. In all the groups the WC measures positively correlated with the glucose blood level at admittance to the hospital and on days 1 (r=0.34; p=0.01), 2 (r=0.38; p =0.0002), and 3 (r=0.68; p=0.002) after it. Similar correlation was observed with the insulin level 2 hours post-prandially on days 1 (r=0.42; p=0.01), 2 (r=0.5; p=0.0002), and 3 (r=-0.95; p=0.0003). The relationship between metabolic disorders and WC values indicates that visceral fat plays an important role in the regulation of metabolic processes and suggests the necessity of the treatment for the correction of WC.

scholarly journals Curcumin in Metabolic Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4440
Author(s):  
Marzena Jabczyk ◽  
Justyna Nowak ◽  
Bartosz Hudzik ◽  
Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic disorders are nutritionally dependent. A healthy diet that is rich in polyphenols may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and, in particular, atherosclerosis. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric and has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, and antidiabetic properties, among others. This review summarizes the influence of supplementation with curcumin on metabolic parameters in selected metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Asthma in reproductive-aged women with polycystic ovary syndrome and association with obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1601334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaw D. Htet ◽  
Helena J. Teede ◽  
Barbora de Courten ◽  
Deborah Loxton ◽  
Francisco G. Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
The Relationship

Recent research suggests that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have a higher prevalence of asthma. However, there are no epidemiological studies aimed primarily at exploring the relationship between PCOS and asthma, and the effect of body mass index (BMI) on this association.This study is a cross-sectional analyses of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a large, community-based, prospective study to examine the association between PCOS and asthma in women aged 28–33 years (n=478 PCOS and n=8134 controls).The prevalence of asthma was 15.2% in women with PCOS and 10.6% in women without PCOS (p=0.004). Women with PCOS who had asthma had a trend for a higher BMI compared with women without asthma (29.9±0.9 versus 27.7±0.4 kg·m−2; p=0.054). Women without PCOS who had asthma had a higher BMI compared with women without asthma (26.4±0.2 versus 24.9±0.1 kg·m−2; p<0.001). After adjusting for age, BMI and smoking status, PCOS was associated with increased odds of asthma (odds ratio 1.34, 95% CI 1.004–1.79; p=0.047).This study showed both PCOS status and overweight/obese status were independently associated with asthma. Further prospective studies are required to explore the possible mechanisms underpinning the association between asthma and PCOS.

scholarly journals Mendelian randomisation with coarsened exposures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Tudball ◽  
Jack Bowden ◽  
Rachael A. Hughes ◽  
Amanda Ly ◽  
Marcus R. Munafò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Exposure Measurement ◽  
Continuous Trait ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Genetic Instruments

AbstractA key assumption in Mendelian randomisation is that the relationship between the genetic instruments and the outcome is fully mediated by the exposure, known as the exclusion restriction assumption. However, in epidemiological studies, the exposure is often a coarsened approximation to some latent continuous trait. For example, latent liability to schizophrenia can be thought of as underlying the binary diagnosis measure. Genetically-driven variation in the outcome can exist within categories of the exposure measurement, thus violating this assumption. We propose a framework to clarify this violation, deriving a simple expression for the resulting bias and showing that it may inflate or deflate effect estimates but will not reverse their sign. We then characterise a set of assumptions and a straight-forward method for estimating the effect of standard deviation increases in the latent exposure. Our method relies on a sensitivity parameter which can be interpreted as the genetic variance of the latent exposure. We show that this method can be applied in both the one-sample and two-sample settings. We conclude by demonstrating our method in an applied example and re-analysing two papers which are likely to suffer from this type of bias, allowing meaningful interpretation of their effect sizes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Changes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats with Hypothyroidism Induced by Propylthiouracil

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Sara Khodabandeh ◽  
Homayoun Khazali ◽  
Abdolkarim Hosseini ◽  
Vahid Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Doses

Introduction: More than 186 million people suffer to infertility worldwide. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of chronic anovulation and infertility. PCOS is known as an endocrine disorder in women of marriageable age and is associated with metabolic disorders and dysfunction of the reproductive system. There is also a clear link between fertility and hypothyroidism, which is often associated with ovulation disorders. In recent years, an increasing zest has been witnessed in conducting more research into PCOS and hypothyroidism. So, recognizing the relationship between these two diseases can help for a better understanding of infertility.Methods: In line with such calls for more research, the present study is aimed at investigating the levels of oxidants and antioxidants in the blood of rats with PCOS induced by estradiol valerate (2 mg/kg of body weight) for 60 days and then received oral propylthiouracil in different doses (1,2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight) to induce hypothyroidism. Results: Results showed an increase in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) in PCOS rats. The results also indicated a significant increase in NO (P < 0.05) and a significant decrease in SOD and CAT (P < 0.05) after hypothyroidism in rats with PCOS. That is, as the severity of the disease increased, these indicators also showed significant alterations. Conclusion: Hence, hypothyroidism following PCOS exacerbates oxidant and antioxidant imbalances in the body, which can eventually result in tissue damage.

Misreading Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Experimental Film ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Technologies

The first chapter of Hieroglyphic Modernisms exposes the complex history of Western misconceptions of Egyptian writing from antiquity to the present. Hieroglyphs bridge the gap between modern technologies and the ancient past, looking forward to the rise of new media and backward to the dispersal of languages in the mythical moment of the Tower of Babel. The contradictory ways in which hieroglyphs were interpreted in the West come to shape the differing ways that modernist writers and filmmakers understood the relationship between writing, film, and other new media. On the one hand, poets like Ezra Pound and film theorists like Vachel Lindsay and Sergei Eisenstein use the visual languages of China and of Egypt as a more primal or direct alternative to written words. But Freud, Proust, and the later Eisenstein conversely emphasize the phonetic qualities of Egyptian writing, its similarity to alphabetical scripts. The chapter concludes by arguing that even avant-garde invocations of hieroglyphics depend on narrative form through an examination of Hollis Frampton’s experimental film Zorns Lemma.

Researching (with) Major Food Retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Evans
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Food Retailer ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Up

This paper considers the relationship between social science and the food industry, and it suggests that collaboration can be intellectually productive and morally rewarding. It explores the middle ground that exists between paid consultancy models of collaboration on the one hand and a principled stance of nonengagement on the other. Drawing on recent experiences of researching with a major food retailer in the UK, I discuss the ways in which collaborating with retailers can open up opportunities for accessing data that might not otherwise be available to social scientists. Additionally, I put forward the argument that researchers with an interest in the sustainability—ecological or otherwise—of food systems, especially those of a critical persuasion, ought to be empirically engaging with food businesses. I suggest that this is important in terms of generating better understandings of the objectionable arrangements that they seek to critique, and in terms of opening up conduits through which to affect positive changes. Cutting across these points is the claim that while resistance to commercial engagement might be misguided, it is nevertheless important to acknowledge the power-geometries of collaboration and to find ways of leveling and/or leveraging them. To conclude, I suggest that universities have an important institutional role to play in defining the terms of engagement as well as maintaining the boundaries between scholarship and consultancy—a line that can otherwise become quite fuzzy when the worlds of commerce and academic research collide.

Choice Of Technique And The Volume Of Saving (A Re-Examination Of The Cobb-Douglas Model)

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-617
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anisur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Development Policy ◽  
Labour Intensity ◽  
The One ◽  
Choice Of Technique ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the relationship between the degree of aggregate labour-intensity and the aggregate volume of saving in an economy where a Cobb-6ouglas production function in its traditional form can be assumed to give a good approximation to reality. The relationship in ques¬tion has an obviously important bearing on economic development policy in the area of choice of labour intensity. To the extent that and in the range where an increase in labour intensity would adversely affect the volume of savings, a con¬flict arises between two important social objectives, i.e., higher rate of capital formation on the one hand and greater employment and distributive equity on the other. If relative resource endowments in the economy are such that such a "competitive" range of labour-intensity falls within the nation's attainable range of choice, development planners will have to arrive at a compromise between these two social goals.

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