scholarly journals An Automated System for Identification of Skeletal Maturity using Convolutional Neural Networks Based Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221-2227
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Age Prediction ◽  
Hand Radiograph

This paper puts forward a proposition of automated skeletal recognition system that takes an input of left hand-wrist-fingers radiograph and give us an output of the bone age prediction. This system is more reliable, if is successful and time-saving than those laborious, fallible and time-consuming manual diagnostic methods. Here, a Faster R-CNN takes the input of left-hand radiograph giving the detected DRU region from left-hand radiograph. This output is given as an input to a properly trained CNN model. The experiment section provides us with the details regarding the experiments conducted on 1101 radiographs of left hand and wrist datasets and accuracy of model when different optimization algorithms and training sample amounts were utilized. Finally, this proposed system achieves 92% (radius) and 90% (ulna) classification accuracy after the parameter optimization.

Creation and Validation of a Shorthand Magnetic Resonance Imaging Bone Age Assessment Tool of the Knee as an Alternative Skeletal Maturity Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110329
Author(s):  
Cary S. Politzer ◽  
James D. Bomar ◽  
Hakan C. Pehlivan ◽  
Pradyumna Gurusamy ◽  
Eric W. Edmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Knee Mri ◽  
Bone Age Assessment ◽  
Hand Radiograph

Background: In managing pediatric knee conditions, an accurate bone age assessment is often critical for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. Historically, the Greulich and Pyle atlas (hand atlas) has been the gold standard bone age assessment tool. In 2013, a shorthand bone age assessment tool based on this atlas (hand shorthand) was devised as a simpler and more efficient alternative. Recently, a knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) bone age atlas (MRI atlas) was created to circumvent the need for a left-hand radiograph. Purpose: To create a shorthand version of the knee MRI atlas. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A shorthand bone age assessment method was created utilizing the previously published MRI atlas, which utilizes several criteria that are visualized across a series of images. The MRI shorthand draws on characteristic criteria for each age that are best observed on a single MRI scan. For validation, we performed a retrospective assessment of skeletally immature patients. One reader performed the bone age assessment using the MRI atlas and the MRI shorthand on 200 patients. Then, 4 readers performed the bone age assessment with the hand atlas, hand shorthand, MRI atlas, and MRI shorthand on a subset of 22 patients in a blinded fashion. All 22 patients had a knee MRI scan and a left-hand radiograph within 4 weeks of each other. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability, as well as variability among observers, were evaluated. Results: A total of 200 patients with a mean age of 13.5 years (range, 9.08-17.98 years) were included in this study. Also, 22 patients with a mean age of 13.3 years (range, 9.0-15.6 years) had a knee MRI scan and a left-hand radiograph within 4 weeks. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability of all 4 assessment tools were acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≥ 0.8; P < .001). When comparing the MRI shorthand with the MRI atlas, there was excellent agreement (ICC = 0.989), whereas the hand shorthand compared with the hand atlas had good agreement (ICC = 0.765). The MRI shorthand also had perfect agreement in 50% of readings among all 4 readers, and 95% of readings had agreement within 1 year, whereas the hand shorthand had perfect agreement in 32% of readings and 77% agreement within 1 year. Conclusion: The MRI shorthand is a simple and efficient means of assessing the skeletal maturity of adolescent patients with a knee MRI scan. This bone age assessment technique had interobserver and intraobserver reliability equivalent to or better than the standard method of utilizing a left-hand radiograph.

scholarly journals Creation and Validation of a Shorthand Knee MRI Bone Age Assessment Tool as an Alternative for Skeletal Maturity Assessment (203)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0031
Author(s):  
Cary Politzer ◽  
James Bomar ◽  
Hakan Pehlivan ◽  
Pradyumna Gurusamy ◽  
Eric Edmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Knee Mri ◽  
Bone Age Assessment ◽  
Hand Radiograph

Objectives: In managing pediatric knee conditions, an accurate bone age assessment is often critical for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. Historically, the Greulich and Pyle Atlas (hand atlas) has been the gold standard bone age assessment tool. In 2013, a shorthand bone age assessment tool based on this atlas (hand shorthand) was established as a simpler and more efficient alternative. Recently, a knee MRI bone age atlas (MRI atlas) was created potentially to circumvent the need for a left hand radiograph. Our objective is to create a shorthand version of the magnetic resonance imaging atlas. Methods: A shorthand bone age method (Figure 1) was created utilizing the previously published MRI atlas, which utilizes several criteria that are visualized across a series of images. The MRI shorthand draws on the most characteristic criteria for each age that is best observed on a single MR image. For validation, we performed a retrospective assessment of skeletally immature patients that had a knee MRI and left hand radiograph within four weeks. Four readers who were familiar with the hand atlas, hand shorthand, MRI atlas, and MRI shorthand read each of the images in a blinded fashion. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), variability among observers was evaluated using percent agreement. Results: 26 patients with a mean age of 13.6 years (range 9.0-16.9) met the inclusion criteria. The intra- and inter-observer reliability of all four assessment tools was excellent (ICC ≥ 0.8, p<0.001) (Table 1). When comparing the MRI shorthand to the MRI atlas, there was excellent agreement (ICC = 0.974), whereas the hand shorthand compared to the hand atlas had good agreement (ICC = 0.765). The MRI shorthand also had perfect agreement in 58% of reads among all four readers and 96% of reads had agreement within 1 year, whereas the hand shorthand had perfect agreement in 32% of reads and 77% agreement within 1 year (Table 2). Conclusions: The MRI shorthand is a simple and efficient means of assessing skeletal maturity of adolescent patients with a knee MRI. This bone age assessment technique has inter-observer and intra-observer reliability equivalent or better than the standard means utilizing a left hand radiograph.

scholarly journals The use of a radiolucent template to improve bone age X-ray quality (BASIC study)

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby G. Cockill ◽  
Amanda Hewitt ◽  
Christopher Heafey ◽  
Neil P. Wright ◽  
Charlotte J. Elder
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Left Hand

AbstractBackground:Left hand and wrist X-rays are conventionally used to assess skeletal maturity using methods such as Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3). We noted a number were poor quality, caused by difficulty with hand placement. We introduced a simple radiolucent hand template to assist in hand positioning and assessed changes in X-ray quality and repeat X-ray rates.Methods:The position of fingers, thumb and overall clarity of bone age X-rays were prospectively scored. In the absence of a validated tool to assess quality a 1–3 scale (poor, borderline, good) was devised. A radiolucent hand template was introduced for use in the intervention group. Need for repeat X-ray was determined by set criteria.Results:The intervention improved scores. More patients scored 3 (good) for positioning of fingers (89.29% and 85.33%, p=0.38), thumb (98.21% and 89.96%, p=0.06) and overall clarity (76.79% and 70.27%, p=0.41) for the intervention (n=56) and control groups (n=259), respectively. No patient required repeat X-ray from the intervention group, compared with 28 in the control group (p=0.007).Conclusions:Achieving good quality bone age X-rays is more difficult than previously assumed. The use of a radiolucent hand template has been shown to improve hand position and significantly reduce the need for repeat X-ray.

scholarly journals Probe-Based Real-Time qPCR Assays for a Reliable Differentiation of Capripox Virus Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Janika Wolff ◽  
Martin Beer ◽  
Bernd Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Robust Detection ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Reliable Differentiation ◽  
World Organization ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

Outbreaks of the three capripox virus species, namely lumpy skin disease virus, sheeppox virus, and goatpox virus, severely affect animal health and both national and international economies. Therefore, the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) classified them as notifiable diseases. Until now, discrimination of capripox virus species was possible by using different conventional PCR protocols. However, more sophisticated probe-based real-time qPCR systems addressing this issue are, to our knowledge, still missing. In the present study, we developed several duplex qPCR assays consisting of different types of fluorescence-labelled probes that are highly sensitive and show a high analytical specificity. Finally, our assays were combined with already published diagnostic methods to a diagnostic workflow that enables time-saving, reliable, and robust detection, differentiation, and characterization of capripox virus isolates.

scholarly journals Selective effects of biological and chronological age on the development of cognitive abilities in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Kovacs ◽  
Kristof Kovacs ◽  
Patricia Gervan ◽  
Katinka Utczas ◽  
Gyongyi Olah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Biological Maturity

Adolescent development is not only shaped by the mere passing of time and accumulating experience, it also depends on pubertal timing and the cascade of maturational processes orchestrated by gonadal hormones. Although individual variability in puberty onset confounds adolescent studies, it has not been efficiently controlled for. Here we introduce ultrasonic bone age assessment to estimate biological maturity and disentangle the independent effects of chronological and biological age on adolescent cognitive abilities. Comparing cognitive performance of participants with different skeletal maturity we uncover the striking impact of biological age on both IQ and specific abilities. We find that biological age has a selective effect on abilities: more mature individuals within the same age group have higher working memory capacity and processing speed, while those with higher chronological age have better verbal abilities, independently of their maturity. Based on our findings, bone age is a promising biomarker for adolescent research.

scholarly journals Ossification of the phalanges of the foot and its relationship to peak height velocity and the calcaneal system

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Garcia ◽  
A. D. Nicholson ◽  
A. M. Nduaguba ◽  
J. O. Sanders ◽  
R. W. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Guided Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage System

Purpose There are multiple skeletal maturity grading systems, but none of them utilizes the phalanges of the foot. To minimize radiation, it would be ideal if one could assess the skeletal maturity of a foot based on bones seen on routine foot radiographs, if guided growth is being considered as a treatment option. We developed a system that correlates changes of the appearance of the foot phalanges to peak height velocity (PHV) and the recently described calcaneal apophyseal ossification grading system. Methods We selected 94 children from the Bolton-Brush study, each with consecutive radiographs from age ten to 15 years old. Using the anteroposterior view, we analyzed the ossification patterns of the phalanges and developed a six-stage system. We then determined the PHV for each subject and defined its relationship with our system. Our system was then compared with the previously established calcaneal system. Results We calculated an Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range of 0.957 to 0.985 with a mean of 0.975 and interclass reliability coefficient of 0.993 indicating that this method is reliable and consistent. Our system showed no significant difference between gender with respect to PHV, which makes it a reliable surrogate for determining bone age in paediatric and adolescent patients. Conclusions Our system has a strong association with the calcaneal system. It is a simple six-stage system that is reliable and correlated more strongly with PHV than chronological age. The system requires knowledge of the ossification markers used for each stage but is easily used in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Fusing Two Kinds of Virtual Samples for Small Sample Face Recognition

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Qiu ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jiayan Yang ◽  
Liying Ye
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Training Sample Size ◽  
Face Recognition System ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
Virtual Samples

Face recognition has become a very active field of biometrics. Different pictures of the same face might include various changes of expressions, poses, and illumination. However, a face recognition system usually suffers from the problem that nonsufficient training samples cannot convey these possible changes effectively. The main reason is that a system has only limited storage space and limited time to capture training samples. Many previous literatures ignored the problem of nonsufficient training samples. In this paper, we overcome the insufficiency of training sample size problem by fusing two kinds of virtual samples and the original samples to perform small sample face recognition. The two used kinds of virtual samples are mirror faces and symmetrical faces. Firstly, we transform the original face image to obtain mirror faces and symmetrical faces. Secondly, we fuse these two kinds of virtual samples to achieve the matching scores between the test sample and each class. Finally, we integrate the matching scores to get the final classification results. We compare the proposed method with the single virtual sample augment methods and the original representation-based classification. The experiments on various face databases show that the proposed scheme achieves the best accuracy among the representation-based classification methods.

Hand Bone Age: A Digital Atlas of Skeletal Maturity

Radiographics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1074
Author(s):  
Alan E. Oestreich
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Digital Atlas

A Localization and Extraction Method Research for Phalange ROI and Carpal ROI from Left Hand Radiography

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Long Ke Ran ◽  
Ling He ◽  
Zhong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Method ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Bone Age Assessment ◽  
Hand Radiographs

In the research of Automatic bone age assessment,the most efficient location and successful extraction of regions of interest(ROI) from hand radiographs is one of the most difficult and important key technologies. Based on using shape information for phalanges and carpals, a background prediction method is propoesd , which uses a two-dimensional third order polynomial linear regression to fit background. And we also localize the key points of carpal and phalange ROI by usingK-cosine algorithm, finally we extract the carpal and phalange ROI successfully and properly. Through experiments, the proposed method resulted in over 93% correct extraction from more than 60 left hand radiograph data. The proposed method is robust to gray value variation of background and the position and orientation of the hand, so it can be used directly for automatic bone age assessment in the following study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document