MEMORY STATUS AMONG CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Arun John ◽  
Santanu Deb ◽  
Palash R Gogoi ◽  
Jasmine Mary Lyngdoh ◽  
Prasenjit Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Memory Status

Objective: To study the status of visual and verbal memory status among children with epilepsy and effects on schooling. Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study enrolled children aged 5 to 15 years who have been diagnosed to have epilepsy and has been seizure free during last one month. Enrolled children (81) were evaluated by using two sub tests selected from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences(NIMHANS) Neuropsychological Battery for Children, Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning test and Memory for Designs test, for verbal and visual memory status respectively and the child was graded on the basis of the standard scores. Schooling details were obtained by questioners to care taker. Results: Memory impairment (MI) was identied in 50 (61.7%) Children with Epilepsy (CWE) (predominantly verbal memory impairment). 20 (25%) CWE were not attending age appropriate class. Among these 20 CWE, 17(85%) children had memory impairment. p: 0.01. There were 25 CWE performing poorly, among them 22(88%) children had memory impairment. p <0.0024. A total of 8 children were school dropouts and all 8 had MI (100%).Conclusions:MI was found to be very common in CWE. MI among CWE was found to negatively inuence age appropriate schooling and school performance. Early screening and appropriate support may improve the outcome.

scholarly journals Auditory-verbal memory function of women during the menstruation and ovulation periods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Sajadian ◽  
Hamid Jalilvand ◽  
Ali Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Behdad Pourdad ◽  
Maryam Sajadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Recall Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Learning Test

Background and Aim: Auditory-verbal mem­ory (AVM) is the ability to learn, retain, and recall syllables and words. Memory has a strong relationship with the nervous and endocrine systems in humans. Changes in estrogen levels occur naturally at short (menstrual period) and long (pregnancy, menopause, and maturity) peri­ods. Changes in estrogen levels are likely to affect memory function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hormone fluctuations on the AVM of women. Methods: This cross-sectional study with a pretest/posttest design was conducted on 25 women aged 40−49 years with normal hearing and normal menstrual cycles of 28 ± 4 days, who were selected using a convenience sampling method. They were evaluated using two Persian versions of Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). This test was performed twice and at two different menstrual periods (2-5 and 14−16 days). Results: A significant correlation was observed between the mean of total recall score, recall score after interference, and delayed recall score at two different periods (p < 0.01). The scores of women in three areas on days 14−16 of the menstrual cycle were higher than on days 2−5. Conclusion: Women’s RAVLT scores on days 14−16 of the menstrual cycle are higher than on days 2−5, indicating the effect of hormonal fluc­tuations on their AVM function. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the changes in women’s AVM in different days of the menstrual cycle. Keywords: Auditory-verbal working memory; Rey learning test; menstrual cycle  

scholarly journals Are Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated with Verbal Learning and Memory Impairment in Patients with Schizophrenia? A Cross-Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Lancon ◽  
Daniel Dassa ◽  
Jessica Fernandez ◽  
Raphaelle Richieri ◽  
Romain Padovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
With Memory

Objective. The aim of this study is to assess the relationships of cardiovascular risk factors with verbal learning and memory in patients with schizophrenia. Methods and Design. cross-sectional study. Inclusion Criteria. Diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria. Data Collection. Sociodemographic information, clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, blood tests, and episodic memory using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Analysis. A multivariate analysis using multiple linear regressions was performed to determine variables that are potentially associated with verbal learning and memory. Results. One hundred and sixty-eight outpatients participated in our study. An association was found between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and memory impairment on measures of verbal learning, and short- and long-term memory. Among the different components of MeTS, hypertriglycerides, abdominal obesity, and low HDL cholesterol were the only factors associated with memory impairment. Alcohol dependence or abuse was associated with a higher rate of forgetting. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that MetS and alcohol use may be linked with memory impairment in schizophrenia. These findings provide important insights into the interdependencies of cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive disorders and support novel strategies for treating and preventing cognitive disorders in patients with schizophrenia.

Postconcussive Symptoms After Single and Repeated Concussions in 10- to 20-Year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temitayo Oyefunmike Oyegbile ◽  
Bronson Elizabeth Delasobera ◽  
Nassim Zecavati
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postconcussive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Gender

The objective was to characterize cognitive deficits and postconcussive symptoms in a pediatric population with no concussion, a single concussion, and ≥2 concussions, using a cross-sectional design. Cognitive function and postconcussive symptoms were assessed in participants (age 10-20) with no concussion (n = 1118), single concussion (n = 368), and repeated (≥2) concussions (n = 252). Analyses were adjusted for age and gender. Individuals with ≥2 concussions exhibited more total postconcussive symptoms; more loss of consciousness, amnesia and confusion; more headaches; and poorer cognitive function compared to no concussion and single concussion. Postconcussive symptoms may play a modulatory role in cognitive dysfunction after repeated concussions as those with loss of consciousness, amnesia, confusion, or headaches exhibited worse verbal memory, visual memory, visual-motor processing, and poorer impulse control compared to those without these symptoms. This analysis demonstrates that repeated concussions is associated with poorer cognitive function and postconcussive symptoms compared to a single concussion.

scholarly journals Relationship between cognitive processes and academic performance in high school students

Psychologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Laura Puerta
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between the cognitive processes and the academic performance by a non-experimental correlational study with a cross-sectional design. Participants were 60 students between 14 and 17 years old, who were randomly selected from high school tenth grade without a history of personality disorder or intellectual disability. Academic performance was evaluated from the school average reported by educational documents. Cognitive processes measured were: focused and sustained attention, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, delayed visual memory, auditory verbal learning and delayed auditory verbal memory, visualconstructive praxis, naming function of language and verbal fluency. A neuropsychological battery was used for that purpose. According to the Rho Spearman, the results indicated that there is a statistically significant relationship between the two following cognitive processes and academic performance: sustained attention (p=0.01) and the naming function of language (p=0.05).

scholarly journals Prenatal testosterone (2D: 4D Ratio) and its association with learning and memory in medical undergraduates – A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
K Muthu Prathibha ◽  
Kathrina Joseph ◽  
Dharunya Pachaiyappan ◽  
Soma Sri Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone

The 2D:4D ratio is a sexually dimorphic trait, negatively related to prenatal testosterone which in turn influences the areas in brain, critical for learning and memory. The objective of the present study was to compare the 2D:4D ratios between sexes, right / left hands and correlate with mean scores of learning and memory. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 116 participants (80 males and 36 females) of 18 -19 years of age. Lengths of index and ring fingers were measured using vernier calipers to calculate 2D:4D ratios. Free & Placement recall and Working visual memory (Visual N Back test) were assessed. Verbal learning ability was assessed using Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Mean 2D:4D ratios of right hand (0.96±0.051) were significantly lower than left hand (0.98±0.1; p = 0.036). Females had higher ratios than males in both hands. In Free recall (FR) and Placement Recall (PR) tests, average hits and errors scores of females and males were comparable. In Visual N Back test, there were statistically significant correlations between 2D:4D ratios and mean hits & errors scores (M &#62;F). The mean hits score in AVLT was lower in males (13.9±1.4) when compared to females (14.2±1.0). The findings of the present study can help us to associate a simple measure like 2D:4D ratio to learning abilities of an individual. Also, 2D:4D ratio, a non invasive measure can be used to evaluate one’s cognitive abilities with regard to memory and learning.

Implementation status of antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals: A quantitative analysis study in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam

MedPharmRes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Thi-Hai-Yen Nguyen ◽  
Truong Van Dat ◽  
Phuong-Thao Huynh ◽  
Chi-Thuong Tang ◽  
Vinh-Chau Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Implementation Status

Vietnam has one of the highest multi drug resistance in Asia. Although, despite many efforts to implement the Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (the ASP) since 2016, studies that on the implementation policy are very lacking of this program are limited. For that reason, we conducted this cross-sectional study to analyze the viewpoint of health workers (HWs) on the implementation of the ASP at some hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). An assessment of 234 HWs showed that the implementation of the ASP in HCMC hospitals was above average (62.7/100.0). A barrier to the implementation consisted of the deficiency in finances, guidelines for diagnosis, and specific interventions for some common infections, such as distributing current antibiogram and monitoring rate of Clostridioides difficile infections. These were the widely recognized problems in initially implementing the ASP. Although most HWs are aware of the importance of implementing the ASP (79.1%), the specific assessment has not been recorded clearly due to the numerous neutral responses. Despite the support of the leadership, the implementation still faces many difficulties and limitations, especially in 3rd and 4th class hospitals. Besides, there was a lack of wide dissemination of information on the ASP at each unit. To generalize the status of the ASP implementation, researchers should conduct qualitative and quantitative studies with a larger scale.

Determinants of Screen Time Among Children Under Five Years: A Cross Sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Raj ◽  
Norliza Ahmad ◽  
Nor Afiah Mohd. Zulkefli ◽  
Zalilah Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Time Future

BACKGROUND Excessive screen time is detrimental to the child’s health. However, screen time situation among Malaysian children is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the prevalence and determinants of screen time among children under five years old using the latest WHO guidelines. METHODS A cross sectional design was used to randomly select 489 children from nine government health clinics. Total screen time and factors were assessed using validated self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Results show an overall prevalence of 91.4% with a median of 3.00 hours (IQR: 1.36-5.04). Majority of children watched television (66%), followed by mobile phones (30%) and computers (4%). The determinants of screen time were Malay ethnicity, (AOR 3.56, 95% CI: 1.65-7.68), parental age of 30 years or more (AOR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.58-6.16), parental screen time exceeding 2 hours a day (AOR 2.42, 95% CI: 1.24-4.73), parent’s moderate self-efficacy to influence child’s physical activity (AOR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.01-5.20) and parent’s positive perception on influence of screen time on child’s cognitive well-being (AOR 1.15, 95% CI:1.01-1.32). CONCLUSIONS Parents played an important role in determining their child’s screen time. Future interventions that focus on the parents may ensure age appropriate screen time for their children.

scholarly journals Determinants of alcohol consumption and marijuana use among young adults in the Republic of Palau

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuki Sata ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
Chifa Chiang ◽  
Singeru Travis Singeo ◽  
Berry Moon Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Palau

Abstract Background This study aimed to describe the status of alcohol consumption and drug use among young adults as well as their determinants. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 356 young adults (aged 18 to 24 years) living in Palau in 2013. The prevalence of self-reported alcohol and marijuana usage were compared within and between sexes, age groups, ethnicities, and education levels. Results The proportion of current drinking was higher in people aged 21–24 than in those aged 18–20 (73.2% vs. 60.9%, p = 0.09 in men and 48.3% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.02 in women), while that of marijuana use did not differ between the age groups. The proportions of current drinking and marijuana use were higher in Palauan than in other ethnicities (current drinking: 70.6% vs. 40.6%, p = 0.005 in men and 38.8% vs. 16.6%, p = 0.04 in women; lifetime marijuana use: 80.0% vs. 52.9%, p = 0.02 in men and 56.1% vs. 30.6%, p = 0.09 in women). The proportion of frequent (3 times or more) marijuana users was higher for the lower educated than for the higher educated (62.5% vs. 32.1%, p < 0.001 in men and 33.9% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.12 in women). Conclusions Sex, age, ethnicity, and education were significant determinants of alcohol and marijuana use.

Status of Histopathology Services In Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S120-S120
Author(s):  
G O Yeabyo
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Great Public Health ◽  
Cancer Diseases

Abstract Introduction/Objective Cancer is one of a great public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia and scarcity of histopathology laboratory is another burden for diagnosis and follow up of cancer diseases. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the accessibility of histopathology services in Ethiopia. Methods Cross sectional study design were used to analyze the status of histopathology services in Ethiopia. Results There are 13 histopathology laboratories in the nation and a survey was conducted at these institutions. Out of these 13 Histopathology services seven are located in the capital, Addis Ababa and six found out of the capital located in four different regions. About 40,239,100 habitants have no histopathology service around their catchment area. Conclusion There are very limited histopathology laboratories, as a result diagnosis and prevention of cancer diseases are inadequate throughout the country.

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation, psychopathology and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youdiil Ophinni ◽  
Adrian ◽  
Kristiana Siste ◽  
Martina Wiwie ◽  
Gina Anindyajati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Suicidal behavior is a prevalent psychiatric emergency in HIV-infected adults. Detection of suicidal ideation is important in planning early psychiatric intervention and optimizing HIV/AIDS management. Characterization of suicidal ideation among HIV-infected adults is crucial; however, practically there is no data in Indonesia, the country with the second largest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Asia. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation and analyze the associated psychopathology and determining factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected adults aged 18–65 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Measurement using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was performed to assess the existing psychopathology. Firth’s penalized logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation. Results A total of 86 subjects were recruited. Most subjects were male (65.1%), median age was 35 years, and median latest CD4 count was 463 cells/μl. Lifetime suicidal ideation was identified in 20 subjects (23.3%). Mean SCL-90 T-score for depressive and anxiety symptoms were both significantly higher among subjects with suicidal ideation (M = 60.75, SD = 12.0, p = 0.000 and M = 57.9, SD = 2.8, p = 0.001, respectively) compared to those without. Bivariate analyses showed that lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, non-marital status, CD4 count < 500 cells/μl, and efavirenz use. Multivariate analysis identified that a single-point increase in SCL-90 depression symptoms score (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 4.5–123.6, p = 0.000) and efavirenz use (AOR 5.00, 95% CI 1.02–24.6, p = 0.048) were significant independent factors related to suicidal ideation. Conclusion Suicidal ideation is commonly found among Indonesian HIV-infected adults on ART. Depressive symptoms and efavirenz use are independent factors related to the presence of suicidal ideation. Thus, early screening of psychopathology as well as substitution of efavirenz with other ART regiment are recommended to prevent suicide and improve HIV/AIDS management outcome.

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