PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF FUNCTIONAL CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN WITH PERSISTENT GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Sushma Keshav ◽  
Santosh Kondekar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms

Background: Constipation is a common pediatric problem worldwide affecting the quality of life of children and parents. But only few children with constipation seek medical help. Alonger duration of constipation before diagnosis has been associated with complications like malnutrition, changes in behavior and growth failure and poorer long-term outcome. Methods: Children up to 12 years of age presenting to the Pediatric outpatient of a tertiary care hospital with persistent abdominal symptoms were enrolled over a period of one year. Their clinical prole was recorded and analyzed. Prevalence of functional constipation was calculated as a percentage and the association of persistent abdominal symptom with constipation was studied. Results: Amongst the 500 children studied, 84 were found to have functional constipation according to ROME IV criteria, the prevalence being 16.8%. Demographically, the mean age for cases with functional constipation was 5.19 years and the male female ratio was 1.6:1. Abdominal symptoms that were signicantly associated with functional constipation were hard stools (p 0.0001), fussy eaters (p 0.0072), abdominal distension (p 0.0053), pain abdomen (p 0.03) and decreased appetite (p0.0305). The common treatment received by these children were lactulose in 27 (32.24%), diet modication in 20 (23.8%), enema in 07 (08.33%), polyethylene glycol in 05 (05.95%) and least common was glycerin suppositories in 3 (03.57%). Conclusion: To conclude, persistent abdominal symptoms in children cannot be neglected and functional constipation must be evaluated in children coming to the outpatient with persistent abdominal symptoms.

scholarly journals Long term outcome of Wilms' tumor in tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Jeevarathi T. ◽  
Gomathi Vadivelu
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fumarate Hydratase ◽  
Stage I ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

Background: Nephroblastoma, or Wilms’ tumor, is an embryonal tumor that develops from remnants of the immature kidney. It is the most common renal tumor of childhood. The aim is to analyze the long term outcome in Wilms’ tumor in perplex situations as double moiety and to correlate with multiple organ defects.Methods: It is a combined perspective and retrospective study that pediatric urology outpatient department (OPD) at the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Madras Medical College, Chennai. The study included patients with Wilms, who attended the pediatric surgery during the ten years, from March 2008 to February 2011. The patients were subjected to detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations were performed.Results: Among patients with stage I–II fumarate hydratase (FH) tumors, the relative risk (RR) of relapse and death were increased for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) 1p only (RR=2.2 for relapse; RR=4.0 for death), for LOH 16q only (RR=1.9 and RR=1.4), and LOH for both regions (RR=2.9 and RR=4.3) in comparison with patients lacking LOH at either locus.Conclusions: Stage I and II have a good prognosis. Stage III and IV need close surveillance since they have a high rate of recurrence. Stage V has a bad prognosis. Stage IV Wilms need lung irradiation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces tumor spillage in stage III and IV. 

scholarly journals Clinical profile and neuropsychological assessment of childhood absence epilepsy: a descriptive study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vindhiya K. ◽  
Viswanathan V. ◽  
Padma Balaji
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Childhood Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: The objectives of the study was to observe the clinical profile and neuropsychological assessment of childhood absence epilepsy.Methods: Children attending Neurology Department of tertiary care hospital diagnosed with Childhood Absence Epilepsy underwent validated structured proforma. Neuropsychological assessment included IQ, Behaviour and learning disability. Comparison was made between group with mono and dual therapy.Results: Number of children studied was 29 with mean age of 6.24years. 20 (68.9%) children were treated with Sodium Valproate. 9 (31.1%) required add on therapy with Lamotrigine. Seizures were well controlled in all children. Mean IQ derived was 101.6 which mean average IQ.  Mean CBCL was 25.1 indicating increased behavior problems. There was significant co morbidity like Inattentiveness in 18 (62.1%), Inadequate language ability in 14 (48.3%), Inadequate arithmetic ability in 12 (41.4%) and visual memory was Inadequate in 9 (31%).Conclusions: Though Children with Absence Epilepsy has average or above average IQ, it is associated with significant co-morbidity which if addressed early can improve the long-term outcome. IQ and behavior has statistically significant association with the numbers of drugs.

scholarly journals Efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in downstaging rectal cancer and its impact on the long-term outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 098-101
Author(s):  
Janaki Gururajachar Manur ◽  
Rahil Bharatbhai Patel ◽  
Sathish Chandramouli
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Tumor Downstaging

Abstract Introduction: Response to preoperative chemoradiation (PRTCT) for rectal cancer predicts the long-term outcome. Context: Tertiary care hospital. Aims: The aim is to study the factors affecting the response to chemoradiation. Settings and Design: Retrospective. Materials and Methods: Twenty-three patients of rectal cancer undergoing PRTCT followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy were followed up for 20–56 months. Postoperative response, tumor downstaging and nodal downstaging were correlated with the disease status. Results: Tumor downstaging was seen in 11 (50%) and nodal downstaging in 12 (63.15%) patients. Nodal downstaging was statistically significant with P = 0.004. Pathological complete response (PCR) was seen in one patient and partial response (PR) in 17 patients. Thirteen (72.2% of patients) were alive and disease free and the negative nodal status correlated with long-term control with P = 0.04. Conclusion: Most patients of rectal cancer show PR to PRTCT, and the benefit is more for node-positive patients. Nodal PCR is associated with a higher chance of long-term disease control.

Clinical study of surgical management of acute intestinal obstruction in the adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Amit Girme ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance

Background: Acute Intestinal obstruction is defined as an obstruction in forwarding propulsion of the contents due to mechanical or neurological causes. Present study was aimed to evaluate the etiology, clinical presentation, surgical management and outcomes in patients with acute intestinal obstruction at our tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was retrospective study conducted in patients >18 years age, diagnosed as case of intestinal obstruction, underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intestinal obstruction. Results: In present study, total 92 cases were studied. male predominance (72.83 %) was noted and male to female ratio was 2.68:1. Most common age group was between 41- 50 years (26.09%) followed by 51-60 years (20.65%) and 61-70 years (16.3%) age group. In present study most common sign and symptoms were abdominal tenderness (89.13 %), abdominal pain (85.87 %), vomiting (83.7 %), abdominal distension (75 %) and constipation (60.87 %). In present study most common etiology noted was adhesive obstruction (41.3 %), obstructed inguinal hernia (27.17 %), incisional hernia (9.78 %) and sigmoid volvulus (6.52 %). Other less common causes were ileocecal tuberculosis (3.26 %), ascending and descending colon growth (3.26 %), rectum/anal canal growth (3.26 %), sigmoid colon growth (2.17 %), internal hernia (2.17 %) and intussusception (1.09 %). Adhesiolysis + Resection Anastomosis (44.57 %) was most common surgical procedure followed by herniorrhaphy (36.96 %) and resection anastomosis (15.22 %). Sepsis (15.22 %), urinary tract infection (13.04 %), wound infection (11.96 %), basal atelectasis (6.52 %) and burst abdomen (6.52 %) were common complications noted in post-operative period. In present study 9.72% mortality was noted. Conclusion: Success in the treatment of acute bowel obstruction depends mainly on the early diagnosis and efficient management and treating the pathological effects of the obstruction as much as the treatment of the cause itself.

Long-Term Outcome of Facial Growth after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 628-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella R. Bothwell ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo ◽  
Rodney P. Lusk ◽  
Brock D. Ridenour
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Facial Plastic

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether functional endoscopic sinus (FES) surgery performed in children with chronic rhinosinusitis alters facial growth. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a retrospective age-matched cohort outcome study performed at a tertiary care hospital. RESULTS: Sixty-seven children participated. There were 46 boys and 21 girls, and the mean age was 3.1 years at presentation and 13.2 years at follow-up. There were 46 children who underwent FES surgery and 21 children who did not undergo FES surgery. Quantitative anthropomorphic analysis was performed using 12 standard facial measurements. A facial plastic expert performed qualitative facial analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses showed no statistical significance in facial growth between children who underwent FES surgery and those who did not undergo FES surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, there was no evidence that FES surgery affected facial growth. SIGNIFICANCE: These results will aid physicians when discussing with parents the risks of FES surgery.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, clinical profile and outcome of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) admitted in government tertiary care hospital of Kanyakumari district

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1879
Author(s):  
Steeve Gnana Samuel ◽  
Suresh Placode Monikanta ◽  
Arul Prasath Subramoniam Vasudevan ◽  
Nagalekshmi Rajamanickam
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Intensive Care Treatment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

We report twelve children with a median age of 7 year (IQR 3years to 12 years) who fulfilled MIS-C WHO criteria. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Affected children had gastrointestinal symptoms (92%), respiratory symptoms (67%), cardiovascular symptoms (58%), neurological symptoms (50%), renal symptoms (33%), followed by muco-cutaneous manifestations (25%). 83% of children had lymphocytopenia. It was found that lymphocytopenia was directly correlated to disease severity. The majority of the children had elevated CRP, transaminase, and deranged coagulation profiles. All 4 systems were involved in 7 children (58%). Intensive care treatment was required for all the cases (100%). There were no deaths. Children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated MIS-C can present with a wide range of signs and symptoms. They can deteriorate quickly and hence a high index of suspicion; early referral and early initiation of treatment with steroids and IVIg can save the lives of children with MIS-C.

scholarly journals Profile of Patients Receiving Stroke Rehabilitation in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Prasanta Kumar Chakraborty ◽  
Md Jahidul Islam ◽  
Md Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Sunam Kumar Barua ◽  
Sohely Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
History Of

Background: Stroke rehabilitation is a program designed to help the stroke patients to overcome the disability. Few studies have evaluated the profile of stroke patients. To provide information about demographic data & disease pattern among the patients receiving stroke rehabilitation. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR), National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospital (NINSH) Dhaka, Bangladesh for the period of two year from 1st July 2013 to 30th June, 2015. Results: Total five thousand nine hundred thirty nine (n=5939) patients were studied, of which 62.33% were male and 37.67% were female. Maximum patients (27.93%) belong to 51-60 years of age. Major patients (52.67%) came from Dhaka city and most of the studied patients were housewife (25.43%). Largest disease group was ischaemic stroke (81.7%). Regarding service pattern, 69.59% patients received outdoor and 30.41% indoor services. Among clinical profile of stroke, 90.5% were first time onset, almost 99% suffered limb weakness, 24.03% speech problem and 32.6% face involvement. Maximum patients (58.8%) had history of multiple risk factors. Conclusion: Rehabilitation procedures in stroke patients can enable greater return of neurological functions and prevents complication, thereby improves long term outcome and quality of life. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (1); Jan 2018; Page 9-12

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Treatment Outcomes of Head Injury in Bangladesh: Perspective from the Largest Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Das ◽  
Bipin Chaurasia ◽  
Dipankar Ghosh ◽  
Asit Chandra Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Economic impact is much worse in developing countries like Bangladesh, as victims are frequently male, productive, and breadwinners of the families. Objectives The objective of our study was to highlight the etiological pattern and distribution of varieties of head injuries in Bangladesh and give recommendations regarding how this problem can be solved or reduce to some extent at least. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, a total of 14,552 patients presenting with head injury at emergency got admitted in Neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and were included in this study. Results The most common age group was 21 to 30 years (36%: 5,239) with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6:1. Injury was mostly caused by road traffic accident (RTA [58.3%: 8,484]), followed by fall (25%: 3,638) and history of assault (15.3%: 2,226). The common varieties of head injury were: acute extradural hematoma (AEDH [42.30%: 1,987]), skull fracture either linear or depressed (28.86%: 1,347), acute subdural hematoma (ASDH [12.30%: 574]), brain contusion (10.2%: 476), and others (6.04%: 282). Conclusion RTA is the commonest cause of TBI, and among them motor bike accident is the severe most form of TBI. AEDH is the commonest variety of head injuries. Proper steps taken by the Government, vehicle owners, and drivers, and proper referral system and prompt management in the hospital can reduce the mortality and morbidity from TBI in Bangladesh.

COMPARISON OF CLINICO-SOCIAL PROFILE OF PULMONARY AND EXTRA PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN A RURALAREA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Gaurav Santosh Nemade ◽  
Sumit Nitin Dhus ◽  
Arushi Ramesh Shetty ◽  
Neha Dhananjay Firake
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Tobacco Addiction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Clinical Characteristic

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The burden of tuberculosis (TB) in India is the highest accounting for 26% of the global incidence. A total of 1.4 million people died from TB in 2019 (including 208 000 people with HIV). India accounts for a fourth of the global burden of TB and 29% of global mortality. Therefore, we carried out this study to compare demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristic between pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:Aretrospective analysis was carried of 348 patients diagnosed in DOTS centre, Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. Characteristics of demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from medical case records. RESULTS:Among the 348 cases, 71.3% were PTB and 28.7% were EPTB including, pleural (36%), meningeal (27%) and lymphatic (20%) cases. The male to female ratio in PTB and EPTB are 1.99 and 1.22 respectively. EPTB was more common at younger age (<25 years). Tobacco addiction (10.9%), diabetes mellitus (4.03%), HIV positivity (12.1%) and history of contact with Tb patients (17.7%) were more likely to be associated with PTB. CONCLUSION:Increased awareness of the risk factors may facilitate early case nding and better management outcomes for these patients.

scholarly journals Halitosis: Its Aetiology and Psychosocial Impact- A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Gopika Kalsotra ◽  
Monica Manhas ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Heemani Bhardwaj ◽  
Parmod Kalsotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction Halitosis means bad or unpleasant odour from oral cavity. It causes embarrassment to the patients and affects their social life and communication. This study aims to find the causes of halitosis and to assess its psychosocial impact. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted in the department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery in a tertiary care hospital. It included 165 patients, presenting to the ENT OPD with chief complains of oral malodour for at least 3 months. The patients in the age above 15 years and below 75 years, irrespective of gender, were included in the study. Results The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean age of 52.24 ± 15.67 with male: female ratio of 7:10. The most common cause of halitosis in the present study included chronic rhinosinusitis (38.7%), gingivitis/periodontitis (19.39%), tonsillitis (4.84%), laryngopharyngeal reflux (2%), deep neck space infections (1.2%). In 23.56%, the halitosis was a symptom of an underlying malignancy. Conclusion Halitosis from an extra oral origin can be the sign of an underlying systemic disease or malignancy. The consultation should be done with the periodontist, ENT specialist and a physician.

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