scholarly journals Basic psychometric markers of post-traumatic stress disorder in combatants

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Oleg Druz' ◽  
Inna Chernenko
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Environment ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Mental Trauma ◽  
Group 2

In the study, the authors determined psychometric markers of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combatants. The study was conducted during 2016—2018, 150 military personnel were examined. The sample was formed by the criterion of the PTSD presence/absence in combatants. Two groups of comparison were formed: the group 1 consisted of 93 persons with diagnosis of PTSD (F43.1) according to the ICD-10 criteria; the group 2 consisted of 57 conditionally healthy persons (without signs of PTSD). All the examined persons were men, their average age was 33.71 ± 1.34 years old. They were mainly sergeants and privates of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU), who served under the contract, the average duration of their participation in military actions was 214.7 ± 41.55 days. Research methods: clinical-psychopathological, clinical-anamnestic, psychodiagnostics ones: Mississippian Scale of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (military version) (T. M. Keane et al., 1987); Questionnaire for the Severity of Psychopathological Symptoms (SCL- 90-R) (L. R. Derogatis et al., 1977, adapted by V. Starcevic et al., 2000); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (A. S. Zigmond, R. P. Snaith, 1983); The Scale of the Clinical Assessment of the Severity of Violations by Y. I. Levin (1995). The results of the investigation expanded the information on the mental status of the AFU combatants who took part in the military actions in the East of Ukraine, by means of quantified assessment of PTSD symptoms. An important component of the rehabilitation of combatants with PTSD is the establishment of an appropriate therapeutic environment the against patient-based approach in order to potentiate the psychological, psychotherapeutic work aimed at restoring the interrelations of combatants at the level of micro- and macroenvironment. Key words: combatants, post-traumatic stress disorder, post-stress mental disorder, combat mental trauma

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Job Stress among Firefighters of Urban Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Saijo ◽  
Takeji Ueno ◽  
Yoshihiro Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Group Conflict ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractIntroduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common condition among Japanese firefighters. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship of PTSD scores to job stress, social support, and depressive stress among Japanese firefighters.Methods: A total of 1,667 Japanese firefighters working for the local government completed a questionnaire that was used to gather information pertaining to age, gender, job type, job class, marital status, and smoking and drinking habits. Questionnaires from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Japanese version of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Generic Job Stress Questionnaire, and the IES-R were also used.Results: After adjustment for age and gender, subjects in the PTSD-positive group had significantly higher scores for inter-group conflict, role ambiguity, and CES-D, as well as significantly lower scores for social support from their supervisors compared to those in the PTSD-negative group.Conclusions: High inter-group conflict and role ambiguity, as well as low social support from supervisors and the presence of depressive symptoms, may influence the development of PTSD among Japanese firefighters.

Self-esteem in Military Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S721-S721
Author(s):  
E. Ben Zina ◽  
M.W. Krir ◽  
H. Bel Hadj ◽  
R. Lansari ◽  
H. El Kefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Military Patients

IntroductionMaintaining self-esteem is a fundamental human motivation. Trauma may lower self-esteem, which contributes to the development and maintenance of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).ObjectivesAssessment of self-esteem in Tunisian military patients suffering from PTSD. Study of correlation between the severity of the PTSD symptoms and the rate of self-esteem.MethodsTransversal descriptive study of a sample of 22 patients treated for PTSD in the Tunisian Military Hospital during the period between August and October 2016.The PTSD Cheklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were administered for patients.ResultsAll the patients assessed were male. The mean age of the sample was 29.6 years. Fifty percent of the patients presented with a co-morbid major depression. Based on the score of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, patients had a self-esteem, which was very low in 45.45% of case, low in 45.45% of cases, average in 4.54% of cases and high in 4.54% of cases. The results also showed that lower levels of self-esteem are significantly correlated to the severity of the PTSD symptoms as measured by the PCL-5 score.ConclusionsThis study highlights the magnitude of self-esteem deficiency among patients suffering from PTSD. It remains unclear as to whether the relationship between trauma and depression is consistently mediated by a negative cognitive schema, such as low self-esteem, or whether trauma influences mood independently of low self-esteem. Further studies are required.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder among UK Armed Forces personnel

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Iversen ◽  
N. T. Fear ◽  
A. Ehlers ◽  
J. Hacker Hughes ◽  
L. Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundThere is considerable interest in understanding further the factors that increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for military personnel. This study aimed to investigate the relative contribution of demographic variables; childhood adversity; the nature of exposure to traumatic events during deployment; appraisal of these experiences; and home-coming experiences in relation to the prevalence of PTSD ‘caseness’ as measured by a score of ⩾50 on the PTSD Checklist (PCL) in UK Armed Forces personnel who have been deployed in Iraq since 2003.MethodData were drawn from the first stage of a retrospective cohort study comparing UK military personnel who were deployed to the 2003 Iraq War with personnel serving in the UK Armed Forces on 31 March 2003 but who were not deployed to the initial phase of war fighting. Participants were randomly selected and invited to participate. The response rate was 61%. We have limited these analyses to 4762 regular service individuals who responded to the survey and who have been deployed in Iraq since 2003.ResultsPost-traumatic stress symptoms were associated with lower rank, being unmarried, having low educational attainment and a history of childhood adversity. Exposure to potentially traumatizing events, in particular being deployed to a ‘forward’ area in close contact with the enemy, was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms. Appraisals of the experience as involving threat to one's own life and a perception that work in theatre was above an individual's trade and experience were strongly associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms. Low morale and poor social support within the unit and non-receipt of a home-coming brief (psycho-education) were associated with greater risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms.ConclusionsPersonal appraisal of threat to life during the trauma emerged as the most important predictor of post-traumatic stress symptoms. These results also raise the possibility that there are important modifiable occupational factors such as unit morale, leadership, preparing combatants for their role in theatre which may influence an individual's risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Therefore interventions focused on systematic preparation of personnel for the extreme stress of combat may help to lessen the psychological impact of deployment.

scholarly journals Veterans’ experiences of successfully managing post-traumatic stress disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Parry ◽  
Suzanne Margaret Hodge ◽  
Alan Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Military

Purpose Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among UK veterans is higher than in the general population. However, prevalence figures do not reflect the complexity of this phenomenon and ways in which it may be bound up with veterans’ experiences of adjusting to civilian life. The purpose of this study is to explore veterans’ experiences of successfully managing PTSD. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six veterans who had served in the UK armed forces and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings Three themes were developed: accepting the problem, taking responsibility and gaining control; talking to the right people; and strategies, antidotes and circling back around. Managing PTSD appeared to be bound up with veterans’ experience of renegotiating their identity, where positive aspects of identity lost on leaving the military were rebuilt and problematic aspects were challenged. Participants sought to speak about their difficulties with others who understood the military context. They felt that their experiences made them a valuable resource to others, and they connected this with a positive sense of identity and value. Practical implications The findings suggest the importance of wider provision of peer support and education for civilian health services on veterans’ needs. Originality/value This study adds to the understanding of what meaningful recovery from PTSD may involve for veterans, in particular its potential interconnectedness with the process of adjusting to civilian life.

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