scholarly journals Prognosis in young women less than 40 years of age with brain metastasis from breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mustillo ◽  
J. P. Ayoub ◽  
D. Charpentier ◽  
L. Yelle ◽  
M. Florescu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Radiation Technology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Initial Metastasis ◽  
The Brain

Background Brain metastasis from breast cancer (bca) in young women is doubly devastating because both quality of life and life expectancy are significantly reduced. With new radiation technology and drugs that have emerged, survival is expected to increase for these young women.Methods Using the oacis and sardo patient databases, we identified 121 patients diagnosed with bca and brain metastasis between 2006 and 2016 at the University of Montreal Hospital Centre. Those patients were divided into Group A, patients who developed brain metastasis during the evolution of metastatic bca, and Group B, patients whose first metastasis was to the brain. For each group, we compared young patients (<40 years of age) with older patients (≥40 years of age).Results Among the 121 patients with brain metastasis, median overall survival (mos) was significantly longer for those less than 40 years of age than for those 40 or more years of age (18 months vs. 4 months, p < 0.001). With respect to the timing of brain metastasis, survival was significantly longer in Group B than in Group A (7 months vs. 4 months, p = 0.032). In Group A, mos was significantly longer for patients less than 40 years of age than for patients 40 or more years of age (18 months vs. 3 months, p = 0.0089). In Group B, the 2-year overall survival rate was 57% for patients less than 40 years of age and 12% for those 40 or more years of age (mos: not reached vs. 7 months; p = 0.259).Conclusions In our single-centre retrospective cohort of women with brain metastasis from bca, prognosis was better for young women (<40 years) than for older women (≥40 years). Survival was also longer for patients whose initial metastasis was to the brain than for patients whose brain metastasis developed later in the disease course. In patients who received systemic treatment, median survival remained significantly higher in women less than 40 years of age. Further studies are needed to validate those results.

scholarly journals Dermatopontin is differentially expressed in brain metastatic breast cancer.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that dermatopontin, encoded by DPT, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. We observed a significant correlation between DPT expression in primary tumors of the breast and overall survival. Molecular functions of dermatopontin may be relevant to the processes by which tumor cells of the breast metastasize to the breast. Down-regulation of DPT may be an important event for metastasis of primary tumor-derived cancer cells to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

scholarly journals MPP6 is differentially expressed in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that membrane protein, palmitoylated 6 (MAGUK p55 subfamily member 6), encoded by MPP6, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. MPP6 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of MPP6 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of MPP6 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Modules of 21-Gene Assay in Early Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengdi Chen ◽  
Deyue Liu ◽  
Weilin Chen ◽  
Weiguo Chen ◽  
Kunwei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Gene Assay ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Young patients were under-evaluated in the construction and validation of the 21-gene Assay Recurrence Score (RS). Previous evidence suggested that RS performed differently according the ages of patients. Our study aimed to explore the molecular driving patterns in patients of different ages.Methods: A total of 1,078 estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients between Jan 2009 and Mar 2017 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University Breast Cancer Data Base were divided into three subgroups: Group A, ≤40y and premenopausal (n=97); Group B, >40y and premenopausal (n=284); Group C, postmenopausal (n=697). The correlation of RS and its modules and the variance of RS modules was explored.Results: Estrogen module had a stronger correlation with RS in patients >40y (ρ = -0.76 in Group B and -0.79 in Group C) compared with patients ≤40y (ρ = -0.64). Contrarily, the correlation between RS and invasion group was weaker in patients >40y (ρ = 0.29 in Group B and 0.25 in Group C) than in patients ≤40y (ρ = 0.44). The proliferation module contributed most to the variance in young patients (37.3%) while ER module contributed most in old patients (54.1% in Group B and 53.4% in Group C). For RS >25, proliferation module was the leading driver in all three subgroups (ρ = 0.38, 0.53 and 0.52 in Group A, B and C) while estrogen module had a weaker association with RS. The negative impact of ER related features on RS was stronger in clinical low-risk patients while the positive effect of proliferation module was stronger in clinical high-risk patients.Conclusions: RS was primarily driven by estrogen module in patients regardless of age, but the proliferation module had a stronger impact on RS in patients ≤40y than in those >40y. The impact of modules varied in patients with different genetic and clinical risk.

scholarly journals DSG2 is differentially expressed in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahan Mamoor
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that desmoglein 2, encoded by DSG2, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. DSG2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DSG2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of DSG2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.

Clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer with resected brain metastasis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1089-1089
Author(s):  
Shiyuan Anabeth Liu ◽  
Jingqin Luo ◽  
Yu Tao ◽  
Sonika Dahiya ◽  
Cynthia X. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Extracranial Metastases ◽  
The Brain

1089 Background: Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) has poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Studies have shown that BCBM may differ from their matched primary tumors in receptor subtypes and genomic characteristics. However, studies have been limited by the tissue availability of BCBM. Taking advantage of our institutional database of resected BCBM with matched primary breast samples, this study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with resected BCBM. Methods: We performed retrospective chart review for all breast cancer patients who had resected BCBM samples at our institution over the last 20 years. Hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of the primary breast and BCBM samples, location of BCBM, and extracranial metastases at time of BCBM diagnosis were categorized. Overall survival (OS) from time of BCBM diagnosis was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Progression interval and receptor subtype switching from primary diagnosis to brain metastasis were computed and compared using Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher’s exact test, respectively. Results: Eighty-six patients were included in this study (median age at time of BCBM diagnosis 54.3 [range 28.3-84.0] years, median follow up 26.0 months). These included 47 HR+, 15 HER2+, 20 triple negative (TN), 4 unknown subtype breast samples, and 42 HR+, 18 HER2+, 17 TN and 9 unknown subtype brain samples. OS was significantly shorter in patients with TN compared to HR+ or HER2+ subtype, whether the TN status was in the primary breast tumor (median 20.5 vs 34.0 months, p = 0.04, thresholded at year 2) or in the brain metastasis (median 16.0 vs 34.0 months, p = 0.02, thresholded at year 2). No significant difference in OS was observed between HR+ and HER2+ groups. There was no significant difference in the progression interval from primary diagnosis to brain metastasis among receptor subtypes. From primary tumor to brain metastasis, receptor subtype switching occurred in 10 out of 73 patients (13.7%) for estrogen, 20 out of 70 (28.6%) for progesterone (PR), and 6 out of 72 (8.3%) for HER2. Receptor subtype switching did not significantly correlate with OS. Presence of extracranial metastases at time of BCBM diagnosis corresponded to significantly lower OS compared to no extracranial metastasis (16.5 vs 36.0 months, p = 0.01). No significant difference in OS was observed between patients with cerebral vs cerebellar brain metastases. Conclusions: These data indicate that patients with TN BCBM disease have the worst overall survival among all receptor subtypes. Metastases in extracranial sites at time of BCBM diagnosis significantly decreased survival. Location of the brain metastasis and receptor subtype switching from primary diagnosis to BCBM, which was relatively infrequent outside of the PR group, did not significantly correlate with OS in this limited data set.

scholarly journals Prospective study of hair recovery after (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with scalp cooling in Japanese breast cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shozo Ohsumi ◽  
Sachiko Kiyoto ◽  
Mina Takahashi ◽  
Seiki Takashima ◽  
Kenjiro Aogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Scalp Cooling ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Chemotherapy Infusion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose Scalp cooling during chemotherapy infusion to mitigate alopecia for breast cancer patients is becoming widespread; however, studies regarding hair recovery after chemotherapy with scalp cooling are limited. We conducted a prospective study of hair recovery after chemotherapy with scalp cooling. Patients and methods One hundred and seventeen Japanese female breast cancer patients who completed planned (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy using the Paxman Scalp Cooling System for alopecia prevention were evaluated for alopecia prevention in our prospective study. We evaluated their hair recovery 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13 months after chemotherapy. Primary outcomes were grades of alopecia judged by two investigators (objective grades) and patients’ answers to the questionnaire regarding the use of a wig or hat (subjective grades). Results Of 117 patients, 75 completed scalp cooling during the planned chemotherapy cycles (Group A), but 42 discontinued it mostly after the first cycle (Group B). Objective and subjective grades were significantly better in Group A than in Group B throughout 1 year, and at 4 and 7 months after chemotherapy. When we restricted patients to those with objective Grade 3 (hair loss of > 50%) at 1 month, Group A exhibited slightly faster hair recovery based on the objective grades than Group B. There was less persistent alopecia in Group A than in Group B. Conclusions Scalp cooling during chemotherapy infusion for Japanese breast cancer patients increased the rate of hair recovery and had preventive effects against persistent alopecia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lambs’ State of Consciousness Signs during Halal and Traditional Slaughtering

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Roberta Barrasso ◽  
Vincenzo Tufarelli ◽  
Edmondo Ceci ◽  
Francesco Luposella ◽  
Giancarlo Bozzo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Corneal Reflex ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this study was to evaluate the persistence of two signs of consciousness (rhythmic breathing and corneal reflex) in lambs slaughtered according to the traditional method and Halal ritual rite. A total of 240 lambs were examined and divided into two equal groups (n = 120 each). Lambs of group A were subjected to the stunning phase by the action of an electric current on the brain, while lambs of group B were slaughtered according to the religious Halal method without prior stunning. Rhythmic breathing (RB) and corneal reflex (CR) were used as indicators of prolonged brain function, and their evaluation was carried out by the operators in three subsequent steps at 15 s, 30 s, and 90 s post-bleeding, respectively. The stunning of the lambs reduced the animal’s state of consciousness and, consequently, reduced suffering, pain, and distress. Indeed, the lambs of group B showed longer duration consciousness than the animals stunned by electrodes. The permanence of the reflexes in Halal slaughter could be reduced by introducing a reversible stunning method to make the animal temporarily unconscious. Moreover, given that our results revealed consciousness also after 90 s post-cut, the assessment of the animal’s state of consciousness in wider time intervals than those commonly used is recommended.

Regional blood flow in the brain and spinal cord of hypothermic rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. H785-H790
Author(s):  
T. Sakamoto ◽  
W. W. Monafo
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pentobarbital Sodium ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Brain

[14C]butanol tissue uptake was used to measure simultaneously regional blood flow in three regions of the brain (cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and brain stem) and in five levels of the spinal cord in 10 normothermic rats (group A) and in 10 rats in which rectal temperature had been lowered to 27.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C by applying ice to the torso (group B). Pentobarbital sodium anesthesia was used. Mean arterial blood pressure varied minimally between groups as did arterial pH, PO2, and PCO2. In group A, regional spinal cord blood flow (rSCBF) varied from 49.7 +/- 1.6 to 62.6 +/- 2.1 ml.min-1.100 g-1; in brain, regional blood flow (rBBF) averaged 74.4 +/- 2.3 ml.min-1.100 g-1 in the whole brain and was highest in the brain stem. rSCBF in group B was elevated in all levels of the cord by 21-34% (P less than 0.05). rBBF, however, was lowered by 21% in the cerebral hemispheres (P less than 0.001) and by 14% in the brain as a whole (P less than 0.05). The changes in calculated vascular resistance tended to be inversely related to blood flow in all tissues. We conclude that rBBF is depressed in acutely hypothermic pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats, as has been noted before, but that rSCBF rises under these experimental conditions. The elevation of rSCBF in hypothermic rats confirms our previous observations.

Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Systems: Implant Depth-based Complications in Breast Cancer Therapy - A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Chen ◽  
Narasimha M. Beeraka ◽  
Yuanting Gu ◽  
Jingruo Li ◽  
Mikhail Sinelnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Access Port ◽  
Group A ◽  
Venous Access Port ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Totally implantable venous access port system (TIVAPS) is widely used in breast cancer therapy; TIVAPS has several associated complications depending on the depth of implantation in breast cancer (BC) patients during continuous infusional chemotherapy regimens. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimal depth of TIVAPS implantation to reduce the incidence of complications during infusional chemotherapy. Methods: This study reviewed the depth TIVAPS implantation in the internal jugular vein in 1282 breast cancer patients over a ten-year period (2009-2019), and associated complications. We segregated the patients as 5 groups: ‘Group A (depth < 4 mm), Group B (depth of 4-8 mm), Group C (depth of 8-12 mm), and Group D (depth of 12-16 mm), and Group E (depth of > 16 mm)’. Consequently, the ‘internal complications’ such as infection, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, extravasation, whereas the ‘external complications’ viz., inflammation, local hematoma, local cutaneous reactions, and port exteriorization were significantly analyzed during TIVAPS implantation at different depths in BC patients. Results: Overall incidence of ‘internal complications’ such as infections, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, and extravasation was comparatively lesser in Group C (8-12 mm) than Group A, Group B, Group D, and Group E, respectively. Mainly, the external complications such as inflammation Group C (8-12 mm) (p<0.01) were lesser (6.8%, 3/44 cases) than Group A, Group B, Group D, Group E. On a similar note, the local hematoma, and local cutaneous reaction, and port exteriorization were observed as ‘5% (1/20 cases), 4.2% (2/47 cases), and (3.2%, 1/31 cases)’ in Group C patients (p<0.01), which were comparatively lesser than the other groups. Conclusion: Subcutaneous implantation of TIVAPS at a depth of 8-12 mm could be preferred due to the lowest incidence of internal and external complications compared to the incidence of these complications in other groups; this depth could be referred to as the safe and convenient implantation depth for the effective delivery of chemotherapy regimen in BC patients without difficulty in transcutaneous access to the port.

Comprehensive Nursing can Relieve the Negative Emotions of Patients undergoing Breast Cancer Resection and Reduce Postoperative

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4234-4243
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Lv ◽  
Lihua Wang ◽  
Yan Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Nursing Quality

To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on adverse emotions and postoperative complications of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. Altogether 180 patients who received treatment in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2019 were selected as the research participants and divided into group A and group B. Among them, 100 cases in group A received comprehensive nursing, 80 cases in group B received routine nursing. The surgical indications, upper limb function, serum NGF, TK1 and CA15-3 expression level, VAS score, SAS, SDS score, quality of life SF-36 score were detected, and the incidence rate of postoperative complications and nursing quality score were compared. Compared with group B, group A had less postoperative bed time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, better recovery of upper limb function, lower expression levels of serum NGF, TK1 and CA15-3, lower VAS score, SAS and SDS score, higher quality of life SF-36 score, lower incidence of postoperative complications and higher nursing quality score. Comprehensive nursing can relieve the negative emotions of patients undergoing breast cancer resection and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

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