scholarly journals Chagas Disease and Primary Health Care in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 463-465
Author(s):  
Ferreira RA ◽  
Diotaiuti LG
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Chagas disease is an important public health problem in various countries in Latin America [1] both due to the high number of people affected and the failure of endemic countries to adopt preventive and control measures, such that, today, it is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world, affecting about 6 to 7 million people [1].

Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis and Chagas disease: the leading imported neglected tropical diseases in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Zammarchi ◽  
Federico Gobbi ◽  
Andrea Angheben ◽  
Michele Spinicci ◽  
Dora Buonfrate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
National Policies ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background In recent years, an increasing number of individuals affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been observed in Italy, due to migration, international travels and climate changes. Reliable data on the current NTD epidemiology in Italy and the health system preparedness on this issue are not available. Methods We report the results of a survey on selected NTDs (schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, echinococcosis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, cysticercosis, filariasis and scabies) in nine Italian sentinel centres, in order to investigate their occurrence throughout the country and identify which ones are a priority for public health interventions, development of protocols for case management, and training activities. To explore the preparedness of the centres, we investigate the availability of specific diagnostic tools and drugs, needed for the management of the most common NTDs. We also reviewed and summarized the available national policies, recommendations and guidelines on NTDs in Italy. Results Overall, 4123 NTDs cases were diagnosed in nine Italian centres within a 7-year period (2011–2017). Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis were the most common NTDs, accounting for about one-third each of all the diagnosed cases, followed by Chagas disease. The number of cases showed a significant trend to increase over time, mainly due to foreign-born subjects. Serology for Schistosoma spp. and Strongyloides stercoralis was available in seven and five centres, respectively. Agar plate stool culture for S. stercoralis was available in three sites. Ivermectin and praziquantel were always available in six centres. Six national policies, recommendations and guidelines documents were available, but for the most part, they are not fully implemented yet. Conclusions This survey showed how some NTDs, such as schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis, are becoming more common in Italy, due to multiple components. A list of seven key actions was proposed, in order to improve diagnosis, management and control of NTDs in Italy.

scholarly journals New global targets for NTDs in the WHO roadmap 2021–2030

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0009373
Author(s):  
Adriano Casulli
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Second World

The second World Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Day was celebrated on 30 January 2021. To mark the occasion, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched its roadmap for NTDs for the period 2021 to 2030, which is aimed at increasing prevention and control of these too-long neglected diseases. Described here is a global overview on past achievements, current challenges, and future prospects for the WHO NTDs roadmap 2021–2030.

scholarly journals High occurrence of giardiasis in children living on a 'landless farm workers' settlement in Araras, São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Aparecido de Lima Junior ◽  
Juliana Kaiser ◽  
Rosana Catisti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
The World

Enteric parasitosis remains an important public health problem in many areas around the world including in Brazil, and it is frequently associated with poverty and lack of sanitation facilities. Research carried out over the course of a year revealed that 96.6% (28/29) of children randomly selected from a 'landless farm workers' settlement in Araras, São Paulo, aged 4 - 15 years, presented Giardia intestinalis cysts. After referral to the neighborhood Health Office, all the children received tinidazole, given as a single dose of 50 mg/kg and 12 months later, new fecal samples were collected and analyzed. Despite the low adherence to the study, a high percentage (64.3% - 9/14) of the children remained positive for the parasite. This study showed a high positivity of giardiasis in child residents of the settlement, even after treatment; adults were not sensitized to the study and did not collected and/or deliver children fecal samples. The precarious living conditions are consistent with a high susceptibility to parasitic diseases, suggesting that the treatment of the infected individuals without identifying and eradicating the means of contamination is simply a palliative measure.

scholarly journals New Contributions to the Elimination of Chagas Disease as a Public Health Problem: Towards the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Jorg Heukelbach ◽  
Andréa Silvestre de Sousa ◽  
Alberto Novaes Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
First Time

Despite being described for the first time more than 110 years ago, Chagas disease persists as one of the most neglected tropical diseases [...]

scholarly journals Insights from quantitative and mathematical modelling on the proposed WHO 2030 goal for schistosomiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Guidelines

Schistosomiasis remains one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) impacting millions of people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently proposed a goal of elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) for schistosomiasis to be reached by 2030. Current WHO treatment guidelines for achieving EPHP focus on targeting school-aged children. The NTD Modelling Consortium has developed mathematical models to study schistosomiasis transmission dynamics and the impact of control measures. Our modelling insights on Schistosoma mansoni have shown that EPHP is likely to be attainable in low to moderate prevalence settings using the current guidelines. However, as prevalence rises within higher settings, EPHP is less likely to be achieved unless both school-aged children and adults are treated (with coverage levels increasing with the adult burden of infection). We highlight the challenges that are faced by treatment programmes, such as non-adherence to treatment and resurgence, which can hinder progress towards achieving and maintaining EPHP. Additionally, even though EPHP may be reached, prevalence can still be high due to persisting infections. Therefore, without elimination of transmission, treatment will likely have to continue to maintain EPHP. Further modelling work is being carried out, including extending our results to S. haematobium. By providing these modelling insights, we aim to inform discussions on the goals and treatment guidelines for schistosomiasis.

Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Potential Application of microRNAs for Monitoring NTDs in the Real World

MicroRNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Supat Chamnanchanunt ◽  
Saovaros Svasti ◽  
Suthat Fucharoen ◽  
Tsukuru Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
Monitoring Response

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a common health problem and require an efficient campaign to be eradicated from tropical countries. Almost a million people die of NTDs every year in the world, and almost forty percent of the patients are under 20 years. Mass Drug Administration (MDA) is an effective tool for eradication of this health condition. However, a monitoring system is required to evaluate treatment-response and early detection of the re-emerging NTD. The relevance of current tests depends on good quality of the specimen. Thus, new molecular methods with high sensitivity and specificity are required. In this review, we focus on microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers of NTDs through a narrative review on human research. We searched for reliable search engines using a systematical literature review algorithm and included studies that fit the criterion. Five NTDs (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, and trachoma) were set as our target diseases. Later on, the data were extracted and classified as monitoring response and early detection. Four miRNAs were studied in filariasis as a monitoring response. There were 12 miRNAs related to onchocerciasis infection, and 6 miRNAs with schistosomiasis infection. Six miRNAs showed a link to soil-transmitted helminths. Only 3 miRNAs correlated with trachoma infection. In conclusion, circulating miR is a less invasive and promising approach to evaluate NTDs. Further field study may translate those candidate miRs to clinical application of the prevention and control of NTDs.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF CHAGAS DISEASE IN A RURAL AREA IN THE STATE OF CEARA, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlane Chaves FREITAS ◽  
Maria de Fátima OLIVEIRA ◽  
Mônica Coelho ANDRADE ◽  
Arduina Sofia Ortet de Barros VASCONCELOS ◽  
José Damião da SILVA FILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Cruzi Infection

SUMMARY Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and affects about two to three million people in Brazil, still figuring as an important public health problem. A study was conducted in a rural area of the municipality of Limoeiro do Norte - CE, northeastern Brazil, aiming to determine the prevalence of T. cruzi infection. Of the inhabitants, 52% were examined, among whom 2.6% (4/154) were seropositive in at least two serological tests. All seropositive individuals were older than 50 years, farmers, with a low education and a family income of less than three minimum wages. Active surveillance may be an alternative for early detection of this disease.

scholarly journals The awareness of neglected tropical diseases in a sample of medical and nursing students in Cairo University, Egypt: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0008826
Author(s):  
Eman Elfar ◽  
Noha Asem ◽  
Hanaa Yousof
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of chronic diseases affecting 1.2 billion people worldwide, with more burden in the developing communities. Improving awareness about NTDs is a powerful affordable long-term intervention for infection control. In literature, there is a limited number of studies in the developing countries assessing the awareness of healthcare providers regarding these diseases. The present study aimed at assessing the awareness of a sample of Cairo University medical and nursing students regarding NTDs. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 184 medical and nursing students in Cairo University. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire in English language with an estimated completion time of 15 minutes was used for evaluation. It included question categories which cover the knowledge about NTDs and control measures as well as the willingness to participate in NTDs control activities. Content analysis was performed on the materials and specifications of the epidemiology course given to medical and nursing students. Out of the study participants, 26% knew the meaning of NTDs. The main source of their knowledge was social media followed by the epidemiology course. A percentage of 33% of the students agreed that NTDs are of public health importance in Egypt. Thirty four percent of the participants expressed their willingness to participate in control activities for NTDs. Comparing medical and nursing students, a higher percentage of the nursing students stated that NTDs are causing a public health problem in Egypt with a statistically significant difference (P value < 0.001), while a statistically significant higher percentage of medical students believed that the awareness level regarding NTDs in Egypt is low (P value = 0.002). Cairo University medical and nursing students in this study showed a gap in the level of knowledge regarding NTDs and their control activities which represents a great threat to the control of these diseases.

scholarly journals Survei kecacingan pada anak dengan riwayat alergi di sekolah dasar yang terdapat di Kecamatan Sario Kota Manado

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitha Sartika ◽  
Greta J.P. Wahongan ◽  
Josef S.B. Tuda
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Helminthic Infection ◽  
The World

Abstract: Helminthic infection is an important public health problem in several parts of the world. It was noted that during 2012 in Manado there were 104 cases of helminthic infection. There is similarity between the immunological pathways from helminthic infection and allergy which is characterized by increases Th2. But in chronic helminthic infection, excessive immune response can be suppressed and therefore contribute to reduced susceptible to allergies. This study aims to see the survey of helminthic infection in students with allergy history in Sario District, Manado. This study is a cross sectional descriptive study. ISAAC questionnaire was distributed to 138 students and after being analyzed, 37 of them are allergy positive, and 16 of them are willing to participate in this study. Feces and blood were obtained as sample. From 16 feces samples, it was found that there is no helminthic infection in any of them. From 16 blood samples, it was obtained that there are 2 (12,5%) samples with eosinophilia. Conclusion: based on study that was done, helmintic infection survey found all negative result in students with allergy history in Sario District, ManadoKeywords: allergy, helminthic infection, elementary school students Abstrak: Infeksi kecacingan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di beberapa bagian dunia. Di Manado pada tahun 2012 tercatat ada 104 kasus kecacingan. Ada kemiripan jalur imunologi antar kecacingan dan alergi yang ditandai dengan peningkatan Th2. Namun, pada infeksi cacing kronis, respon imun yang berlebihan tersebut dapat ditekan hingga berpengaruh pada berkurangnya kerentanan terhadap alergi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui survei kecacingan pada anak dengan riwayat alergi di SD yang terletak di Kecamatan Sario Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 138 kuesioner ISAAC dibagikan dan 37 diantaranya menunjukan hasil positif alergi. Dari 37 anak dengan alergi, 16 bersedia menjadi sampel penelitian. Dilakukan pengambilan sampel berupa feses dan darah untuk diperiksa kecacingan dan eosinofilia. Dari 16 feses yang diperiksa semua menunjukan hasil negatif kecacingan. Dari 16 sampel darah yang diperiksa ditemukan 2 (12,5%) diantaranya mengalami eosinofilia. Simpulan: berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, survei kecacingan pada anak dengan riwayat alergi di Kecamatan Sario, Kota Manado menunjukan hasil tidak ditemukan adanya infeksi kecacigan. Kata kunci: alergi, kecacingan, anak sekolah dasar

scholarly journals Aleatory Trypanosoma cruzi Vertical Transmission in Chiapas, Mexico: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sury Antonio López-Cancino ◽  
Jorge Fernando Méndez-Galván ◽  
Mariana Soria-Guerrero ◽  
Marcos Meneses-Mayo ◽  
Sergio Agustin Islas-Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health

Congenital Chagas disease is considered a form of dispersion of Trypanosoma cruzi related to human migration from endemic, often rural to previously non-endemic urban areas. This fact increases the Chagas disease establishment risk inside of family members by vertical transmission pathway. Congenital Chagas disease cases in newborns could not identified by the health professional even in endemic regions. Here we present the first family cluster of Chagas disease cases from Chiapas: one of the most important endemic areas in South of Mexico, where vertical T. cruzi transmission incidence rate is ranged between 2% to 22% revealing an important public health problem. Two cases inside a family from Chiapas, México with positive antibodies against T. cruzi detected by ELISA are presented; one of them got the infection through vertical pathway. We think that congenital Chagas disease should not be ignored in a newborn born from an asymptomatic Chagas disease mother, who may transmit the parasite infection randomly.

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