Black is Black

2000 ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
Stanisław Musiał ◽  
Gwido Zlatkes
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Catholic Priest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Good Will ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject

This chapter investigates how Poles react to the Revd Henryk Jankowski's antisemitic statements. If in any Western country, a cleric (a Catholic priest as well known as the Revd Jankowski) presented such antisemitic opinions, many people of good will would protest in the streets. In Poland, it is still impossible. Though in Polish society, sensitivity and solidarity seem to be awakening today, they express themselves in only one context: where an exceptionally hideous murder has been committed. The chapter argues that in Poland, it will be a long time before antisemitic excesses or statements will get people moving. After all that happened in the land at the hands of the Nazis, there is still no social awareness that antisemitism is deadly by its nature, and in every form, even if often not directly or immediately. In this regard, the past is taking its toll: not long ago the subject of antisemitism was taboo, and to be a patriot meant, in the interpretation of the ruling Communist Party, to be anti-Zionist, which in practice equalled being an antisemite.

scholarly journals Marzenie o zmianie narodowego imaginarium. Uwagi o książce Andrzeja Ledera

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Motyka
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Moral Reflection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Major Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
The Subject

In connection with Andrzej Leder’s book Prześniona rewolucja. Ćwiczenie z logiki historycznej [The Missed Revolution: Exercise in Historical Logic] (2014), the author of the article considers the question of examining difficult areas of the past, which he believes has still not been accomplished in Poland. The issue has been addressed in regard to the Holocaust only to become a major point in the public dispute between the conservative right and leftist and liberal camps. The author decidedly supports the need for historical and moral reflection in this regard, yet he also expresses reservations about excessive concentration on the economic consequences of the Holocaust and on the postwar agricultural reforms and nationalization (which largely form the subject of Leder’s reflections). He points out that all settling of accounts in regard to history are extraordinarily complicated. In his opinion, the equally — if not more — important sphere of “unconscious and denied guilt” in Polish society is its general and conformist engagement on the side of the Polish communist party (PZPR).

scholarly journals Existential Dilemma in Toni Morrison’s Beloved

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Manu ◽  
Dr. Abha Shukla Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Toni Morrison ◽  
African American History ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Song Of Solomon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Traumatized Self

Toni Morrison verbalizes in novel manners the pain and battle of a traumatized self and local area. In her novels, the traumatic truth of a dark self shows itself in the characters' self-hatred and self-disdain, and in the deficiency of their individual and cultural identity. Her fiction resolves issues of African American history, traumatizing experience and identity, often additionally captivating with inquiries of sex and sex, and, less significantly, class. When writing in a climate where everything except a couple of dark writers battled for acknowledgment, presently the subject of much recognition, Morrison’s work has provoked various and assorted basic reactions. The Beloved and Song of Solomon utilize the devices of disruption, corruption and sensuality to portray the traumatic encounters of the Black ladies’ heroes. During the last fifteen or so years grant treating the Morrison oeuvre has blossomed, making her clearly quite possibly the most talked about creators of the contemporary time frame. Toni Morrison’s In her novel, Beloved (1987), Toni Morrison shows the overwhelming impacts of slavery and its specialist disasters as these impacts show themselves through numerous ages of one family. The trauma of slavery is with the end goal that nobody contacted by it can break liberated from the past, even a long time after actual freedom. This is valid for the novel's hero, Sethe, a once in the past oppressed lady living in Cincinnati after the Civil War and third novel Song of Solomon (1977) goes about as a milestone in her profession, since it uncovers the imaginative development she has acquired, and furthermore presents the arrangement she has observed to tackle the overwhelming issues she depicts in her initially traumatizing novel. The distinctive traumatic occasions make Morrison's novels appropriate for logo helpful perusing and examination.

scholarly journals Heritage - public and expert discourse in the process of heritigization

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Kornelia Kajda
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Białowieża Forest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
The Subject

The debate about “Who owns the past?” has been and still is the subject heated discussion in heritage studies. Deciding what should be protected and what needs special social and governmental attention triggers many questions which are often met with equivocal answers. This article concentrates on a phenomenon framed as heritagization in relevant scholarship. The first section is devoted to the situations in which experts notify the public about the importance of places and historical events. Four case-studies will be discussed. The first two will touch upon cultural and natural heritage sites (Jewish and German heritage in Poland and Rospuda Valley) and show how a group of experts can influence Polish society to build a positive atmosphere around neglected heritage in Poland. The next two case-studies (communist heritage in Poland and Białowieża Forest) present how the situation of conflict between experts and the public may influence the way in which heritage is understood by the society. The case studies will also show how the public renegotiates the meaning of heritage and designates what should be preserved.

scholarly journals O inferno. Questão ainda pertinente?

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (315) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Antonio Alves de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
God's Will ◽  
The Past ◽  
Universal Salvation ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich

Por muito tempo a pregação em torno do inferno distorceu a compreensão e a vivência da fé, contribuindo assim para a pastoral do medo. Atualmente pesa quase um silêncio em torno do assunto. Não obstante os equívocos do passado apoiados na pastoral do medo, a questão não pode ser silenciada, embora não seja central no anúncio do Evangelho. As Sagradas Escrituras anunciam a vontade salvífica universal de Deus por meio de Jesus Cristo agindo no Espírito Santo, mas não escondem a misteriosa possibilidade de uma recusa por parte do ser humano. Na reflexão teológica foram influentes a apocatástase e a predestinação. O debate prossegue. A esperança de salvação para todos não pode fazer-nos fechar os olhos para aquelas pessoas e grupos humanos, especialmente ricos e poderosos, em cujo agir transparece uma íntima sintonia com o mistério da iniquidade e sua multiforme ação na história. O anúncio da esperança de uma salvação universal deve acontecer sempre em primeiro lugar, mas acompanhada do alerta em relação a uma entrega definitiva e total ao mistério da iniquidade, entrega que se inicia nas ações e decisões cotidianas.Abstract: For a long time the preaching about hell distorted the comprehension and the experience of the faith, thus contributing for a pastoral of fear. At present, there is almost silence around the subject. In spite of the mistakes of the past based on the pastoral of fear, the issue cannot be silenced, even if it is not central in the announcement of the Gospel. The Sacred Scriptures announce God’s will of universal salvation through Jesus Christ acting upon the Holy Spirit, but they do not hide the mysterious possibility of a refusal on the part of the human being. In the theological reflection the apocatastasis (the ultimate salvation of all human beings) and the predestination were influent. The debate continues. The hope of salvation for all cannot let us close our eyes to those people and human groups, especially the rich and powerful, whose actions show an intimate harmony with the mystery of the iniquity and its manifold action on history. The announcement of the hope in a universal salvation must always happen in the first place, but followed by a warning with regard to a definite and total surrender to the mystery of the iniquity, a surrender that begins in the everyday actions and decisions.Keywords: Salvation: Hell; Apocatastasis; Predestination; Hope.

scholarly journals As relações africano-brasileiras de longa data: uma análise da investigação histórica sobre o assunto no Brasil * The african-brazilian long term relationship: an analysis of historical research about the subject in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
GILBERTO DA SILVA GUIZELIN
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

<p><strong>Resumo:</strong> O presente artigo parte do pressuposto de que ao contrário da história das relações contemporâneas entre o Brasil e a África, a história das relações pretéritas entre as duas margens do Atlântico Sul não tem recebido a mesma atenção por parte dos investigadores brasileiros. Acredita-se aqui que tal descompasso investigativo seja fruto de uma visão histórica reducionista, por muito tempo predominante no meio acadêmico nacional, e, por conseguinte, da dificuldade sentida entre os próprios investigadores brasileiros de reunir fontes que lhes permitam recriar, observar e analisar o contexto das relações de longa data entre o Brasil e a África. Ainda assim, ressalta-se aqui que a partir de uma reorientação quanto às perspectivas de investigação é sim possível o desenvolvimento de novos estudos do entrosamento africano-brasileiro mais distante.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> historiografia brasileira; História das Relações Internacionais; relações Africano-Brasileiras.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This article begins by assuming that unlike the history of contemporary relations between Brazil and Africa, the history of the past relations between the two costs of South Atlantic has not received the same attention by Brazilian researchers. It is believed here that this discrepancy is a result of a reductionist historical view,  prevalent for a long time in the national academic community, and therefore by the difficulty felt among the Brazilian researchers themselves to gather historical documents that allow them to re-create, observe and analyze the context of the past relation between Brazil and Africa. Still, it is also emphasized in this article that from a reorientation on the prospects of research the development of new studies on the African -Brazilian long term relationship is indeed possible.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Brazilian historiography; History of International Relations; African-Brazilian relations.</p>

scholarly journals Editorial: The Wisdom of Age

Philosophy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-157
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mundane Reason ◽  
Young Turks ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Mathematics And Science

‘Philosophy’ means love of wisdom. So is philosophy primarily and rightly the province of those traditionally assumed to be wise, namely the old? Aristotle might have subscribed to some view of this sort. For him only those well on the way to middle age had the experience necessary to discourse sensibly on moral and political matters. Plato too, one suspects, would have agreed with something of the sort, albeit for different reasons. In The Republic education in wisdom just took an awful long time.So what of the younger thinker who, in a burst of revolutionary fervour, changes the course of the subject, figures such as Descartes, Nietzsche, Russell, Wittgenstein and Ayer, down to the Young Turks of recent decades? Over recent centuries young philosophers have contributed much to the subject, particularly as philosophy itself has become infatuated with mathematics and science. Could there be a connection? And did any of the young men of philosophy increase in wisdom as they got older? Nietzsche? Russell? Wittgenstein? Ayer?A cynic might suggest that in the past the very old were thought wise because there were so few of them. But now that the whole population is ageing, can we expect a renaissance of wisdom and a flowering of philosophy? And if not, is it because in the modern world the old characteristically ape the young? T.S. Eliot hinted at a more mundane reason when he asked not to be toldOf the Wisdom of old men, but rather of their folly,Their fear of fear and frenzy, their fear of possessionOf belonging to another, or to others, or to God.Is this harsh observation of the narrowness of age as close to the truth as the conventional piety?

The Collection, Use And Interpretation Of Milk And Butterfat Records

1946 ◽  
Vol 1946 (02) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Joseph Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Breeding Efficiency

In the past few years a remarkable new interest in the breeding of dairy cattle has come to be shown in Great Britain and, as a result, renewed attention has been focussed on the subject down for discussion to-day. I think there are two main causes of this new interest. The first is the certainty—for as far ahead as we can see—that milk is likely to remain agricultural product No. 1. With this has come the conviction that to ensure efficient production at the source we have to introduce more certainty into our methods of breeding for milk. The poor level, by any standards of breeding efficiency, of a great number of our dairy herds has been one of the revelations of the war years; there is now factual evidence for what has been suspected for a long time.

A Conversation with Howard Fast, March 23 1994

Prospects ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 511-523
Author(s):  
Alan Wald ◽  
Alan Filreis ◽  
Thomas J. Sugrue
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Good Will

Alan Wald: When we read your memoir that came out in 1990, Being Red, many of us had also read an earlier book called The Naked God in 1957 — and our impression of your experience was represented by The Naked God until we read Being Red. There seems to many of us to be a big difference between the two books and it is also noticed by some of us that in your long list of books in front of Being Red you don't mention The Naked God, and in Being Red you don't talk about The Naked God. So we are wondering whether or not Being Red is sort of a new version of the past that is appropriate for some reason. Is there something inadequate, perhaps, about the earlier version or some political need now to rethink and reform your ideas? What are the differences between the two books? Why did you write the second?Howard Fast: The chief difference is thirty-five years — which is a big difference. When I wrote The Naked God, I was very angry. I was furious with what I considered a betrayal of people of good will by a large part of the leadership of the Communist Party. You see, I do not look upon the destruction of the Soviet Union and the careers of the men who led the Soviet Union as an attempt to establish a tyranny.

scholarly journals A STATE-OF-THE-ART WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLUTION: SMART BINS/E-BINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelieus Namirian ◽  
Zarieus Namirian
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Actual Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Town

In the past few a long time there may be a zoom inside the price of urbanization and therefore there may be a demand for property city improvement plans. currently, victimization new age era and strategic technique, the assemble of smart towns are springing up all around the arena. a realistic city is incomplete at the same time as not a clever waste control system. This paper describes the appliance of our model of “clever Bin” in dealing with the waste assortment machine of a whole metropolis. The network of sensors enabled smart boxes linked via the cellular community generates an outsized amount of data, that is similarly analyzed and pictured at the actual time to recognize insights concerning the status of waste around the town. This paper conjointly objectives at encouraging extra analysis inside the subject matter of waste control.

scholarly journals Michel Foucault: Subjectivity and Ethics of the Self as Practice of Freedom

MELINTAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Konrad Kebung
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Unstable Condition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practices Of The Self ◽  
Cultural Historian

This article presents the thoughts of Michel Foucault, a cultural historian, philosopher, and intellectual, who brilliantly analyses the historical events of the past as creative criticisms for shaping human attitudes today. Through this historical analysis, Foucault examines the ways in which subjects were formed from classical times to the present. Foucault sees how this process takes a long time, starting from the subject as formed through various discourses to the subject as forming itself. To arrive at the latter, Foucault brings his readers to the classical Greco-Roman era to see how humans live their freedom and responsibilities. He also shows them various practices of the self through meditation and inner examination, as well as the practice of telling the truth (parrhesia) to oneself and to others. All this in the era was known as ethics and also seen as a practice of freedom. For Foucault, life must always be seen as a work of art that requires the attention of the artist from time to time in order to arrive at an art level considered useful and valuable to many people. Foucault calls this an aesthetic of existence, where life is not merely seen as something given, but also that must always be fought for creatively from day to day. Life must be seen as an unstable condition in which there are always cracks, therefore it has to be fixed from time to time. This is what Foucault calls a model of human existence.

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