scholarly journals Ferruginous Rupestrian Savannah: a floristic and structural analysis of these rare environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-397
Author(s):  
Cássio Cardoso Pereira ◽  
Fernanda de Fátima Santos Soares ◽  
Rúbia Santos Fonseca ◽  
Nathália Ribeiro Henriques ◽  
Daniel Meira Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Composition Structure

The flora of the Rupestrian Savannah (Cerrado Rupestre) is composed of widely distributed species and endemic species from high altitude rocky outcrops. The aim of this study was to characterise the floristic composition, structure and diversity of fragments of Rupestrian Savannah in south-eastern Brazil and to examine the similarity with other rupestrian cerrado vegetations and with cerrado sensu stricto on profound soils. For this, phytosociological parameters, evenness and diversity were calculated and compared with other studies. The survey exhibited 72 species, 45 genera, 30 families and high floristic similarity with cerrado on profound soils. There were no indicator species of the Rupestrian Savannah, but there were typical species of rocky environments. The basal area was significantly larger in the profound soil cerrado in relationship to the Rupestrian Savannah and evenness was lower in the Rupestrian Savannah of this study compared to others. These variables reflect the lower exploration capacity of the root of rocky environments. The highest similarity between the Rupestrian Savannah and cerrado on profound soils refers to the canga ferruginous nature, which represents the limit of the tableland of cerrado on the edge of the plateaus, allowing greater sharing of flora.

scholarly journals Vegetation structure in cerrado physiognomies in South-eastern Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. BATALHA ◽  
W. MANTOVANI ◽  
H. N. de MESQUITA JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Cylindrical Volume

We studied three cerrado physiognomies (campo cerrado, a savanna woodland; cerrado sensu stricto, a woodland; and cerradão, a tall woodland) in a reserve with 1,225 ha, in Santa Rita do Passa-Quatro (21°36-38'S and 47°36-39'W), São Paulo State, South-eastern Brazil, to compare plant communities structure. As descriptors of the vegetation structure, we used richness, density, basal area, cylindrical volume, and diversity. Ten 40 m² quadrats were placed randomly in each physiognomy, in which we sampled the woody plants with stem diameter equal or larger than 1 cm (woody component), and ten 2.5 m² quadrats, in which we sampled the woody plants with stem diameter smaller than 1 cm and all the non-woody individuals (herbaceous component). In the woody component, we found significant differences among the physiognomies for richness, density and cylindrical volume. Cylindrical volume increased from campo cerrado to cerradão, but richness and density were higher in cerrado sensu stricto. In the herbaceous component, we detected differences for all variables, which were higher in the savanna physiognomies, campo cerrado and cerrado sensu stricto, than in the forest physiognomy, cerradão. Cylindrical volume was the best variable to distinguish the physiognomies. Floristic similarity followed the campo cerrado-cerrado sensu stricto-cerradão gradient, and beta diversity was higher in the herbaceous component.

scholarly journals Diferentes distúrbios antrópicos na paisagem podem influenciar padrões florísticos e estruturais da Mata Atlântica?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Morais Paschoal ◽  
Arthur Duarte Vieira ◽  
Thiago José Ornelas Otoni ◽  
Aglaia Maciel Gripp ◽  
Jessica Pereira Freire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Component ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Intermediate Disturbance ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Tree Component

This study aimed to describe and compare the floristic and structural component of the tree component, as well as the alpha and beta diversity, as well as the floristic similarity of a remnant of Semideciduous Forest. The tree vegetation was sampled at two edges in contact with pasture (BP) and coffee growing (BC), and inside the fragment (INT). 2.840 individuals were sampled, identified in 56 families, 144 genera and 271 species (94 BC, 128 BP and 178 INT). The border stretches were characterized by higher density and smaller basal area than the interior, indicating the occurrence of disturbances. The variations in the structural floristic composition of the tree communities wereinfluenced by regional and local environmental variations, as well as the historical use of the area, according to Niche and Intermediate Disturbance Theories.

scholarly journals Structure and floristic relationships between Cerrado sensu stricto sites on two types of substrate in northern Cerrado, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Lara Lemos ◽  
José Roberto Rodrigues Pinto ◽  
Henrique Augusto Mews ◽  
Eddie Lenza
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Rocky Outcrop ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species

We described and compared the floristic composition, richness, species diversity and structure of the tree-shrub component in pairs of Typical Cerrado (Cerrado Típico) and rocky outcrop Cerrado (Cerrado Rupestre) in two localities in Tocantins State. In each locality, we set up 10 plots of 20 × 50 m at a site, the Cerrado Típico and other Cerrado Rupestre, and sampled the individuals with Db30cm ≥ 5 cm. The rocky outcrop Cerrado did not present any trend towards lower richness and basal area compared to the Cerrado on deep soil. Few species occurred across the four sites and only two important species (Anacardium occidentale and Qualea parviflora) in the four vegetation structure were common to both environments assessed. Furthermore, the occurrence of habitat-specialist species of rocky outcrops and high altitudes (Mimosa claussenii, Tibouchina papyrus, Schwartzia adamantium and Wunderlichia cruelsiana) and the high dissimilarity among sites suggest that altitude is the main responsible for the floristic dissimilarity, followed by the influence of substrate type. Therefore, the information with respect to phytophysiognomy type as a parameter to select areas for conservation, by itself, does not effectively ensure biodiversity preservation, owing to the existing flora heterogeneity not only at local but also at regional scale, revealed by the floristic and structural particularity of each site.

scholarly journals Assessment of different management systems in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto

CERNE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Nascimento de Souza ◽  
José Roberto Soares Scolforo ◽  
Rubens Manoel dos Santos ◽  
Charles Plínio de Castro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Original Vegetation

This study aims to evaluate the effect of different management systems on the floristic composition and diversity of a fragment of Cerrado sensu stricto vegetation located in Brasilândia de Minas (MG), eleven years after interventions. In 1997, 30 plots were installed in the study site, in a random block design, consisting of ten treatments with three replications: 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% removal of the basal area, involving 20% reduction and increase in the De Liocourt quotient value; clear cutting and control treatment. Prior to treatment installation, an inventory was compiled of original vegetation. In 2004 and 2008 further inventories were produced. It was observed that interventions in the relevant Cerrado area led to changes in the floristic composition and diversity of local vegetation, yet these changes were also observed in undisturbed areas which had not been subjected to management plans.

scholarly journals Caractéristiques de la flore et de la végétation ligneuses des parcs agroforestiers de l’arrondissement de Tendouck (Basse Casamance, Sénégal)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558-1575
Author(s):  
Ismaila Coly ◽  
Tahirou Charles Diatta ◽  
Daouda Ngom ◽  
Aliou Badji ◽  
Omar Gueye
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Height Class ◽  
Base De Données ◽  
Composition Structure

L’agriculture occupe une place très importante dans l’arrondissement de Tendouck. Pour augmenter leurs rendements, les agriculteurs laissent délibérément dans leurs champs certaines espèces ligneuses. Cette étude a pour objectif général de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques des parcs agroforestiers du département de Bignona. Pour ce faire, une placette de 2500 m² (50 mx50 m) a été installée dans les champs de chaque agriculteur retenu dans un échantillon de 98 agriculteurs. Cet échantillon est réparti entre les différentes communes de l’arrondissement au prorata de leur poids démographique soit 16 ; 21 ; 22 ; 30 et 9 placettes respectivement dans les communes de Balinghore, Diégoune, Kartiack, Mangagoulack et Mlomp. La flore dans l’arrondissement de Tendouck est riche de 53 espèces réparties en 45 genres relevant de 20 familles botaniques. Au niveau de l'arrondissement de Tendouck la densité des arbres des parcs agroforestiers est de 42 pieds/ha, la surface terrière de 3,21 m²/ha et le taux de recouvrement de 18,82%. Ces parcs sont très diversifiés avec un indice de Shannon de 3,91 et un indice de Pielou de 0,79. Le taux de régénération y est très important (88,19%). La structure par classes de hauteur du peuplement ligneux des parcs agroforestiers révèle une prédominance des jeunes individus avec 24,73% des individus appartenant à la classe de hauteur [2-4 m]. La classe de diamètre la plus représentée est [5-20 cm] avec 42, 99% des individus. Ces résultats constituent une base pour une gestion rationnelle et durable de ces écosystèmes en vue de permettre aux agriculteurs de mieux tirer profit de leurs services dans l’arrondissement de Tendouck. Il apparait ainsi judicieux de poursuivre cette étude dans les autres départements de la Basse Casamance en vue de disposer d’une base de données des parcs agroforestiers de cette zone éco géographique.Mots clés: Champs, composition floristique, structure, agriculteurs, caractéristiques structurales   English title: Characteristics of the woody flora and vegetation in the agroforestry parks of the Tendouck district (Lower Casamance, Senegal)Agriculture occupies a very important place in the district of Tendouck. In order to increase their yields, farmers deliberately leave certain woody species in their fields. The general objective of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of the characteristics of agroforestry parks in the Bignona district. To this end, a 2500 m² (50 mx50 m) plot was installed in the fields of each farmer selected from a sample of 98 farmers. This sample is distributed among the different communes of the district in proportion to their demographic weight, therefore 16; 21; 22; 30 and 9 plots respectively in the communes of Balinghore, Diégoune, Kartiack, Mangagoulack and Mlomp. The flora in the district of Tendouck is rich of 53 species divided into 45 genera belonging to 20 botanical families. At the level of Tendouck district, the density of trees in agroforestry parks is 41.55 trees/ha, the basal area of 3.21 m²/ha and the rate of covering of 18.82%. These parks are very diversified with a Shannon index of 3.91 and a Pielou index of 0.79. The regeneration rate is very high (88.19%). The height class structure of the woody stand in the agroforestry parks reveals a predominance of young individuals with 24.73% of the individuals belonging to the height class [2-4 m]. The most represented diameter class is [5-20 cm] with 42.99% of the individuals. These results provide a basis for rational and sustainable management of these ecosystems with a view to improving the living conditions of farmers in the Tendouck district. It therefore seems advisable to continue this study in the other departments of Lower Casamance in order to have a data of the agroforestry parks of this eco-geographical area.Keywords: Fields, floristic composition, structure, farmers, structural features  

Changes in the floristic composition of cerrado sensu stricto in Brazil over a nine-year period

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Maria Felfili ◽  
Alba Valéria Rezende ◽  
Manoel Cláudio Da Silva Júnior ◽  
Marco Aurélio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Composition And Structure

Changes in floristic composition and structure in a cerrado sensu stricto area were studied over a 9-y period. A sample of 19 (20-m × 50-m) permanent plots was assessed at 3-y intervals from 1985 to 1994, when all stems ≥ 5 cm at 0.30 m above the ground level were measured. There was little change in species composition over the period. Changes in density and basal area of the whole community were in the range of 5% over the 9 y. These parameters fluctuated over the years with the greatest differences found in the comparisons of 1991, 2 y after an accidental fire reached the site, with other years. The changes in density and basal area were greater than in several tropical forests, probably due to disturbances such as fire occurring at 3 to 5-y intervals. The nearly constant density and basal area suggested a highly resilient community.

STUDIES IN MONODOMINANT FORESTS IN EASTERN MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL: II. A FOREST IN THE AREÕES XAVANTE INDIAN RESERVE

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. MARIMON ◽  
J. M. FELFILI ◽  
M. HARIDASAN
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Indian Reserve ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Episodic Recruitment

The floristic composition, structure, soil fertility and leaf nutrient concentrations were analysed in a monodominant forest of Brosimum rubescens Taub. located in the Areões Xavante Indigenous Reserve (14°34′S, 51°58′W). The area lies in the ecotone between Amazonian forest and cerrado in the municipality of Água Boa, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Sixty nested plots (10 × 10m each) were located in a representative portion of the forest, giving a total sampling area of 0.6ha (40 × 150m). A total of 609 trees ≥ 5cm dbh belonging to 57 species, 46 genera and 32 families were present. The most important family was Moraceae, with B. rubescens as the dominant species with a relative dominance of 59%. The diameter distribution of B. rubescens was unbalanced, indicating an episodic recruitment that could lead to future changes in the forest structure. The high basal area per hectare of B. rubescens indicates the possibility of sustainable logging for commercial exploitation. Analysis of composite soil samples collected from the surface layer (0–10cm) of each of the 60 plots did not indicate any significant gradients in fertility within the area sampled. Mean soil pH was 4.6 and the availability of essential nutrients was very low (0.22cmol(+) kg−1 K, 0.048cmol(+) kg−1 Ca, 0.167cmol(+) kg−1 Mg, and 1.5mg kg−1 P). The higher availability of Mg in the soils in comparison with Ca was a feature observed in other monodominant forests in the Amazon region, as well as in other parts of the world. Analysis of foliar samples showed that the dominant species, B. rubescens, maintained higher foliar concentrations of K, Ca and Mg than other species in the forest. This probably indicates a competitive advantage for this species. Also, the higher concentrations of Mg in the soil did not affect its uptake of Ca or K.

scholarly journals Composição florística e estrutural de um componente arbóreo em área de cerrado, Paranã-TO

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
A. B. M. L. Rêgo ◽  
P. B. Souza ◽  
R. R. Silva ◽  
P. L. Rêgo
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Closed Area ◽  
Absolute Density ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Individual Trees

<p>O Cerrado Brasileiro apresenta uma enorme diversidade de fitofisionomias divididas em formações florestais, savânicas e campestres. Com o objetivo de estudar a composição florística e estrutural de um fragmento de cerrado <em>sensu stricto</em>, a fim de fornecer subsídios para conservação e manejo adequado de áreas similares. Foram instaladas sistematicamente quatro parcelas de 25x100m, sendo que as mesmas foram distanciadas 25 m entre si, perfazendo um total de 1,0 hectare de área amostral. No interior das parcelas, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos, com circunferência a 1,30m do solo (CAP) maior ou igual a 15 cm. Para obtenção dos parâmetros fitossociológicos densidade relativa (DR), densidade absoluta (DA), dominância absoluta (DoA), dominância relativa (DoR), frequência absoluta (FA), frequência relativa (FR), índice de valor de importância (IVI), índice de valor de cobertura (IVC), índice de diversidade de Shannon (H’) e Pielou (J). Foram amostrados 245 indivíduos, distribuídos em 29 espécies, 29 gêneros pertencentes a 20 famílias, o que corresponde a uma área basal total de 1,94 m².ha<sup>-1</sup> e densidade absoluta estimada de 327 ind.ha<sup>-1</sup>. As espécies que apresentaram maiores valores de (IVI) foram <em>Qualea parviflora</em> (38,45%), <em>Curatella americana</em> (34,53%), <em>Byrsonima verbascifolia</em> (32,20%), <em>Psidium incanescens</em> (31,89%), <em>Pterodon emarginatus </em>(18,62%) e <em>Anachardium humile</em> (18,34%). <em>Qualea parviflora</em> foi a espécie mais representativa dentro do componente arbóreo o que se conclui aos altos valores de densidade e dominância nos estratos.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Floristic composition and structural components of a tree in closed area in the municipality of Parana-Tocantins </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The Brazilian Cerrado presents a huge diversity of vegetation types divided into forests, savannas and country. In order to study the floristic and structural composition of a cerrado fragment in order to provide subsidies for conservation and proper management of similar areas. Systematically they were installed four installments of 25x100 m, being that they were spaced 25 m apart, totaling 1.0 hectare sample area. Inside the plots were sampled every shrub and individual trees with circumference at 1.30 m soil (CAP) greater than or equal to 15 cm. To obtain the Phytosociological relative density parameters (DR), absolute density (DA), absolute dominance (DoA), relative dominance (DoR), absolute frequency (AF), relative frequency (RF), importance value index (IVI) Coverage value index (CVI), Shannon diversity index (H ') and Pielou (J). We sampled 245 individuals belonging to 29 species, 29 genera belonging to 20 families, which corresponds to a basal area of 1.94 m².ha<sup>-1</sup> and estimated absolute density of 327 ind.ha<sup>-1</sup>. The species showing higher values of (IVI) were <em>Qualea parviflora</em> (38.45%), <em>American Curatella</em> (34.53%), <em>Byrsonima verbascifolia</em> (32.20%), <em>Psidium incanescens</em> (31.89%), <em>Pterodon emarginatus</em> (18.62%) and <em>Anachardium humile</em> (18.34%). <em>Qualea parviflora</em> was the most representative species within the arboreal component which is concluded to high density values and dominance in the strata.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of forest fire on floristic composition, structure, dominance and species richness in subtropical pine forest of Ponda watershed, Rajouri, J&K

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Junaid Ahmed ◽  
Sanjay Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Forest fires have profound impacts on physical environment including land cover, land use, forest ecosystem and biodiversity. In the present study the effect of fires on floristic composition, structure, dominance and species richness in subtropical pine forest of Ponda watershed, Rajouri, J&K, lying at an altitude range of 800 m to 1000 m above mean sea level, was assessed. The forests in the study area were divided into two strata i.e., burnt and un-burnt forest. Random sampling was carried out by laying out forty sample plots in all, with twenty sample plots in each strata covering burnt and unburnt forest sites of the study area. The plot dimensions of 20m x 20m were used for studying trees and 5m x 5m for shrubs (laid within the plots for trees). The density, basal area and IVI along with diversity and concentration of dominance of trees and shrubs in both forest sites were studied. Similarity index was also calculated for burnt and unburnt forest of the study area. The results show that the total density and total basal area of trees and shrubs was highest in un-burnt forest sites with density values of 468.75 and 5284 individuals/ha and 85.33 m2/ha and 25.42 m2/ha, respectively. The results on the basis of the comparison of IVI values of all species in both forest stands also reveal that the respective dominant tree and shrub species were Pinus roxburghii and Carissa opaca. The calculated values of Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and Menhinick indices i.e. 1.93, 2.53 and 0.82 for trees and 1.80, 2.08 and 0.44 for shrubs, respectively, reveal that the species richness and diversity was high for unburnt forest stand whereas, Simpson’s index value of tree (0.48) and shrub (0.75) show that an concentration of dominance was highest in burnt forest stands. The calculated value of Sorenson’s and Jaccard’s index of similarity for trees (0.60 and 0.43) was maximum as compare to shrubs (0.47 and 0.31) which shows that forest fire have profound effect on shrub than trees.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Natural Regeneration: Implications for Landscape Restoration in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Siminski ◽  
Daisy Christiane Zambiazi ◽  
Karine Louise dos Santos ◽  
Alfredo Celso Fantini
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Floristic Similarity

This study aimed to understand post-agricultural natural forest regeneration in the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest and its possible role as a cost-effective, passive approach to forest restoration. The study characterized vegetation structure, floristic composition, and the dynamics of secondary forest chronosequences. Data were collected from 159 plots (10 × 10 m each) across forest remnants in Santa Catarina State, covering forest ages that ranged from 2 to 60 years of regeneration after swidden agriculture. Only areas with no signs of degradation were sampled in order to provide a description of vegetation characteristics that could be used to identify and monitor natural regeneration. A total of 11,455 woody plants were identified and classified into 334 species representing 71 families. As the succession process unfolds, the continuous turnover of species makes forests more diverse and structurally complex. Floristic similarity among forest types is observed during the early stages of succession, but decreases over time. Pioneer species dominate young secondary forests, representing about 40% of the basal area up to 10 years of regeneration. Shade-tolerant species start colonizing the sites at early ages; however, they become more important structural elements only after 30 years of succession. The observed patterns of forest structure and species diversity largely conform to the post-agricultural succession seen in many tropical forests. The high species diversity found in this study highlights the importance of natural regeneration as a strategy to restore ecosystems. Floristic data can be used as a reference for choosing suitable species for active restoration, as well as contributing to the design of integrated restoration strategies. We herein reinforce the potential of natural regeneration as part of large-scale restoration programs, which would be particularly attractive to family farmers by the low cost of supplies and labor.

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